This dataset, VegDischarge v1, represents a significant contribution to the understanding of hydrological dynamics across Africa from 2000 to 2021. It encompasses high-resolution (1km x 1km) monthly raster data of deep drainage, surface runoff, and total runoff, derived from the VegET (VegetationEvapoTranspiration) hydrological model (Senay et al., 2023). Additionally, routed discharge data (Mizukami et al.,2021) for over 63,000 river segments is provided, employing different routing algorithms (DW, KW, KWT, MC, and IRF) to demonstrate variability in river discharge patterns. This comprehensive dataset is stored in NetCDF and Shapefile formats, offering valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers focused on water security, resource management, and climate resilience in Africa. References Senay, G. B. et al. Improvements and Evaluation of the Agro-Hydrologic VegET Model for Large-Area Water Budget Analysis and Drought Monitoring. Hydrology 10, (2023) doi: 10.3390/hydrology10080168. Mizukami, N., Clark, M. P., Gharari, S., Kluzek, E., Pan, M., Lin, P., et al. (2021). A vector-based river routing model for Earth System Models: Parallelization and global applications. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 13, e2020MS002434. https://doi. org/10.1029/2020MS002434.