The eastern slope of the Wind River Range provides habitat to approximately 4,000–5,000 migratory elk. The Wind River Elk herd winters on the Wind River Reservation managed under the sovereignty of the Eastern Shoshone Tribe and the Northern Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming (fig. 37). In spring, the herd migrates up in elevation to a roadless area established by the Tribes in the late 1930s—decades before The Wilderness Act of 1964 (Public Law 88-577, 16 U.S.C. 1131-1136) —or to adjacent FS lands. Many of the migration routes are along waterways with significant cultural heritage, including petroglyphs in the Dinwoody-style and areas connected to stories of sacred figures and occurrences (Wind River Visitors Council, 2022). Elk are a prominent part of ongoing Tribal cultural and language revitalization efforts. Collared elk migrate through areas on Arrow Mountain and cross historical hunting pits and drive lines used by Native peoples thousands of years ago and still exist today. The herd is actively hunted by Tribal members per a harvest regulation code (Nickerson, 2019; Public Law 86-634m 86th Congress, H.R. 4386). The terrain ranges from 6,000 ft (1,829 m) to 12,000 ft (3,658 m), but most elk summer at elevations below 11,000 ft (3,353 m). Foothill habitats include grass and sage, whereas the rocky Wind River Range contains alpine, lodgepole pine forests, mixed grass-conifer basins and ridges, and Salix spp. (willow)-lined creeks. The foothills have minimal development, except for irrigation infrastructure at Bull Lake and Washakie Reservoir and fenced ranches near Crowheart. Elk routinely winter in the remote foothills of the Wind River Range and near the more developed areas of Boulder Flats, Fort Washakie, and Lander. However, near Crowheart Butte and Bighorn Flat, groups of elk sometimes cross U.S. Highways 26 and 287 to the north or east, putting them at risk for wildlife-vehicle mortality. These mapping layers show the location of the migration routes for Elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Wind River population in the Wind River Reservation. They were developed from 140 migration sequences collected from a sample size of 30 animals comprising GPS locations collected approximately every 1 hour.