This dataset documents locations of and water temperature recorded by Hobo Water Temp Pro series loggers (Onset Computer Corp., Bourne, MA) deployed by the USGS Comprehensive Sturgeon Research Project at up to 24 locations in the Lower Missouri River (from the Gavins Point Dam near Yankton, South Dakota to its confluence with the Mississippi River near St. Louis, Missouri) and 13 selected tributaries (James River, Big Sioux River, Little Sioux River, Platte River (in Nebraska), Nishnabotna River, Nodaway River, Platte River (in Missouri), Kansas River, Grand River, Chariton River, Lamine River, Osage River, and Gasconade River) since 2005. Data document the site name, spatial location, temporal extent of water temperature logger deployments. Water temperature recorded at each location were generally recorded at a 15-minute interval, in degrees Celsius.