This data release collates stream water temperature observations across the Chesapeake Bay watershed from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS), Water Quality Portal (WQP) and the USGS Aquarius (AQ) Time-Series database. Data retrieved from NWIS consists of aggregate (minimum, maximum and mean) daily values and continuous data from USGS monitoring stations. Values from the WQP contain discrete data from multiple agencies. The dataset compiled from AQ includes miscellaneous stream temperature observations collected during discharge measurements. This stream temperature data release was completed to support the USGS goal to make scientific data publicly usable, easily discoverable, and widely available. A subset of these data will be used and published in the future to assess the status and trends of key indicators of stream health in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.