We collected blood samples from 237 live bald and 383 live golden eagles, and liver, femur, and feather samples from 322 dead bald and 268 dead golden eagles during all seasons of the year and from states in each of the four major flyways throughout the continental U.S.A. Additionally, we collected blood from 21 bald and 2 golden eagles upon admission to rehabilitation facilities and then we collected liver and femur tissue from these birds after their subsequent death. Whenever possible, birds were aged as adult, subadult, or juvenile and date of sample collection was recorded; in some cases it was not possible to collect this information because molt data were insufficient for aging or because eagle carcasses were found months after death. Samples were conducted under scientific collecting and bird banding permits issued by the appropriate state and federal authorities and, in the case of live animal collections, with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocols. All samples were initially received, archived and prepared for analysis at the U.S. Geological Survey in Boise, ID, under U.S. Migratory Bird Scientific Collecting Permit #MB41892B or its predecessors, and Idaho Department of Fish and Game Wildlife Collection/Banding/Possession permit #110728. For additional details on sample collection and for methods on how samples were analyzed and lead data collected, please see the larger work citation associated with this dataset: Slabe et al. 2022.