This data release documents streambed sediment thickness in the Neversink watershed (NY) as determined by field observations and HVSR passive seismic measurements, and were collected as an extension of a previous data set collected in the same watershed (see Associated Items). These measurements were made between May 17, 2021 and May 21, 2021 using MOHO Tromino three-component seismometers (MOHO, S.R.L.). Seismic observations were converted to sediment thickness (depth to bedrock, meters) using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method. Resonance frequencies were determined from time domain data using GRILLA (MOHO, S.R.L.) software and converted to inferred depth to bedrock for a range of possible values for sediment shear wave velocity, as determined from field observations, ground truthing, and previous studies in similar sediment types.