The koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) is a species of moth that has been reported to irrupt in abundance on occasion over the past 100 years, sometimes defoliating its host plant, koa (Acacia koa), during the event. This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document rate at which koa moth caterpillars were attacked and killed by parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) during an outbreak of the koa moth that resulted in widespread defoliation of koa across much of Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge during 2013-2014. The data set documents the fate of caterpillars collected from koa foliage during the outbreak and reared in the lab, as well as the species identification of parasitoid wasps that emerged from caterpillars. The parasitism rate was calculated as the percent of caterpillars from which a parasitoid wasp emerged.