This dataset describes land cover and vegetation for the island of Maui, Hawaii, 2017, hereinafter the 2017 land-cover map. The 2017 land-cover map is a modified version of the 2010 land-cover map included in the geospatial dataset titled "Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Maui, Hawaii, for average climate conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover (version 2.0)" by Johnson (2017). The 2010 land-cover map was generated by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial datasets that characterize the spatial distribution of rainfall, cloud-water (or fog) interception, irrigation, reference evapotranspiration, direct runoff, soil type, and land cover. Land-cover designations in the 2010 land-cover map were derived mainly from the U.S. Geological Survey LANDFIRE Existing Vegetation Type map (LANDFIRE.HI_110EVT, Refresh 2008) for the island of Maui. The 2017 land-cover map retains the merged structure of the 2010 land-cover map but includes modifications mainly related to agricultural land use since the release of the 2010 land-cover map. Modifications to the 2010 land-cover map included updating the land cover and vegetation designations, and the polygon boundaries in the 2010 land-cover map to reflect (1) the cessation of sugarcane cultivation by Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Company in December 2016, and (2) the agricultural land-use information described in the Statewide Agricultural Land Use Baseline 2015 map by Melrose and others (2016). These modifications affected about 10 percent of the total area in the 2010 land-cover map. The 2017 land-cover map also distinguishes between (1) forested areas that are within the fog-interception zone, assumed to be at elevations of 2,000 feet and higher on Maui, and (2) forested areas that are below the fog-interception zone. The same distinction was included in the analysis of Johnson and others (2018) and in the spatial structure of the 2010 land-cover map, but was omitted from the land-cover names in the attribute table of the 2010 land-cover map.