Christine J. Kranenburg Jenna A. Brown Stephen T. Bosse P. Soupy Dalyander 20210610 raster digital data U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P9I6BP66 St. Petersburg, Florida U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9I6BP66 Aerial imagery acquired with a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS), in conjunction with surveyed ground control points (GCP) visible in the imagery, can be processed with structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques to produce high-resolution orthomosaics, three-dimensional (3D) point clouds and digital elevation models (DEMs). This dataset, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), provides UAS survey data products consisting of red-green-blue (RGB) orthomosaics produced from imagery collected at Little Dauphin Island and Pelican Island, Alabama, from September 2018 to April 2019 in order to develop integrated models linking geomorphology, habitat characteristics, and non-breeding shorebird species usage. Photogrammetry software was used to perform SfM processing on low-altitude digital aerial imagery acquired with a 3DR Solo UAS quadcopter equipped with a Ricoh GR II digital camera and MicaSense RedEdge 3 multispectral camera, using surveyed temporary targets (black and white, 4-square checked pattern) distributed uniformly throughout the UAS flight operations area as GCPs. The following SfM products are produced for each UAS survey over the northern half of Little Dauphin Island and all of Pelican Island: * georeferenced red-green-blue (RGB) orthomosaic image with 5-centimeter (cm) resolution * georeferenced multispectral (MS) orthomosaic image with 5-cm resolution * DEM with 5-cm horizontal resolution * 3D RGB-colored point cloud All horizontal data are provided in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projected coordinate system, Zone 16 North (16N), referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83(2011)), and elevation is referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88), GEOID12B. These SfM products were produced from aerial images collected at Little Dauphin and Pelican Islands, Alabama, from September 2018 to April 2019, in order to develop integrated models linking geomorphology, habitat characteristics, and non-breeding shorebird species usage. These data were collected by the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program under the following USGS field activity numbers (FANs), and the associated field activity web pages contain additional information regarding the field activity: 09/2018 FAN: 2018-352-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-352-FA ; 11/2018 FAN: 2018-362-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-362-FA ; 12/2018 FAN: 2018-370-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-370-FA ; 02/2019 FAN: 2019-306-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-306-FA ; 03/2019 FAN: 2019-311-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-311-FA ; 04/2019 FAN: 2019-317-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-317-FA . 20180912 20180913 20181115 20181116 20181217 20181218 20181219 20190214 20190215 20190312 20190415 20190416 ground condition Complete None planned -88.12889537 -88.10731142 30.28187897 30.23092080 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:f54aadd3-551d-49a2-a26e-007f2f2b22c3 USGS Thesaurus structure from motion remote sensing aerial photography geospatial datasets coastal processes None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program CMGP Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center SPCMSC unmanned aircraft systems UAS orthomosaics ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation imageryBaseMapsEarthCover oceans Geographic Names Information Service (GNIS) Alabama Mobile County Dauphin Island Pelican Island None USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Christine J. Kranenburg U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center mailing and physical

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St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-502-8000 ckranenburg@usgs.gov Data collection was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey. We would like to thank the following people for their contribution to the data collection efforts: Nicholas Enwright, Brett Patton, Chelsea Stalk, Nancy DeWitt and Sara Zeigler of the USGS, and Spencer Stelly of Stelly Consulting. Kranenburg, C.J. Brown, J.A. Sturdivant, E.J. Stalk, C.A. Pendleton, E.A. Ackerman, S.D. 2021 U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Unknown Unknown Goncalves, J.A. Henriques, R. 2015 ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing vol. 104 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.02.009 The horizontal and vertical measurements of the surface models were compared against global positioning system measurements of fixed features covered by the survey. All data fall within expected ranges. This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. The SfM-based geospatial products have an overall horizontal root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 3.4 cm, determined by comparing the horizontal position of the surveyed temporary check points (4-square, black and white, checkerboard targets) and the corresponding horizontal positions digitized in the orthomosaic, for all surveys. The SfM products were created for each UAS survey date individually, using the RGB digital negative (DNG) photos (Kranenburg and others, 2021). The complete set of photos was imported into Agisoft Photoscan (versions 1.3.5 - 1.5.5), along with corresponding GCP reference information, and each flight was put into separate camera calibration groups. Photos were aligned at high accuracy, with a keypoint limit of 50,000 and unlimited tiepoints. Camera positions and the lens model were refined using three statistical metrics: reconstruction uncertainty, projection accuracy, and reprojection error with threshold values of 10, 2.6-3.0, and 0.3 respectively. Once the photo positions and lens models were optimized, dense point clouds were generated with Photoscan (Goncalves and Henriques, 2015) using the high quality and moderate filtering settings. The dense point clouds were then used to generate DEMs; note that the DEM represents the elevation of the surface as viewed from above (for example, tops of buildings and vegetation), and does not represent the bare earth surface. Finally, the raw photographs and DEM were combined to produce the orthomosaics which were exported in GeoTIFF file format at 5 cm resolution. 20190827 Christine J. Kranenburg U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Cartographer mailing and physical

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St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-502-8000 ckranenburg@usgs.gov Raster Pixel Universal Transverse Mercator 16N 0.9996 -87 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.001 0.001 Meters North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137.0 298.257222101 The RGB orthomosaic is a 4-band (red/green/blue/alpha) raster file, with values of each band ranging from 0 to 255, in GeoTIFF format. No-data values are represented by a value of 0 in band 4 (alpha channel). U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center SPCMSC Data Management Group mailing and physical

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St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-502-8000 gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov These data are available in GeoTIFF format contained in a single ZIP file of SfM products per UAS survey. The RGB orthomosaic files are named with the following convention: yyyy-mm-IslandName -ortho-rgb-5cm.tif where yyyy-mm represents the survey date as year (yyyy) and month (mm); IslandName can have a value of either LittleDauphinIsland or PelicanIsland; and ‘ortho-rgb-5cm’ is used to designate the dataset as a 5-cm resolution RGB orthomosaic. This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. GeoTIFF The .zip file contains SfM products per UAS survey, including the orthomosaics saved as .tif files. https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201809_PelicanIsland_SfMProducts.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201811_PelicanIsland_SfMProducts.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201812_PelicanIsland_SfMProducts.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201902_PelicanIsland_SfMProducts.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201904_PelicanIsland_SfMProducts.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201812_LittleDauphinIsland_SfMProducts.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9I6BP66/data/201903_LittleDauphinIsland_SfMProducts.zip Data can be downloaded as a zipped file from the Network_Resource_Name links, where yyyymm represents the year (yyyy) and month (mm) of the UAS survey. None. 20210524 Christine J. Kranenburg U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Cartographer mailing and physical

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St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-502-8000 ckranenburg@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998