Ilsa B. Kuffner Erich Bartels Anastasios Stathakopoulos Ian C. Enochs Graham Kolodziej Lauren T. Toth Derek P. Manzello 20170214 tabular digital data U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7HH6H72 St. Petersburg, FL U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/F7HH6H72 Kuffner, I B Bartels, E Stathakopoulos, A Enochs, I C Kolodziej, G Toth, L T Manzello, D P 2017 Publication (Other) New York Coral Reefs https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-017-1560-2 Staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis, is a threatened species and the primary focus of western Atlantic reef-restoration efforts to date. As part of the USGS Coral Reef Ecosystems Studies project (http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/crest/), scientists investigated skeletal characteristics of nursery-grown staghorn coral reared using two commonly used grow-out methods at Mote Tropical Research Laboratory’s offshore nursery. USGS staff compared linear extension, calcification rate, and skeletal density of nursery-raised A. cervicornis branches reared for six months either on blocks attached to substratum or hanging from monofilament line (on PVC “trees”) in the water column. The results demonstrated that branches grown on the substratum had significantly higher skeletal density, measured using computerized tomography (CT), and lower linear extension rates compared to water-column fragments. Calcification rates determined with buoyant weighing were not statistically different between the two grow-out methods, but did vary among coral genotypes. Whereas skeletal density and extension rates were plastic traits that depended on environment, the calcification rate was conserved. Results show that the two rearing methods generate the same amount of calcium-carbonate skeleton but produce colonies with different skeletal characteristics, and suggest that genetically based variability in coral-calcification performance exists. The data resulting from this experiment are provided in this data release and are interpreted in Kuffner et al. (2017). These data were obtained from April to October, 2015, to test the hypothesis that skeletal characteristics of the coral Acropora cervicornis depend upon grow-out method when reared in an offshore nursery. These data will be used to inform resource managers and coral-restoration practitioners on the most efficient grow-out methods depending upon the intended purpose of the coral fragments. Scientific research permits: The data herein were collected with permission from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary under FKNMS-2013-024-A2 (USGS permit) and FKNMS-2011-150-A2 (Mote Marine Laboratory working under authorization of The Nature Conservancy permit). To ensure that USGS-St. Petersburg data management protocols were followed, the two relevant field missions were assigned the following USGS field activity numbers (FAN): 2015-313-FA and 2015-337-FA. Additional survey and data details are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. 20150419 20151030 ground condition Complete Not planned -81.40013 -81.40013 24.56275 24.56275 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:b4a3b25d-8cad-470e-afb4-005fa9474342 None Acropora cervicornis coral reef coral growth calcification coral conservation aquatic biology Staghorn coral threatened species coral restoration ISO 19115 Topic Category environment geoscientificInformation oceans USGS Thesaurus marine geology coelenterates aquatic biology Geographic Names Information System Florida Straits Florida Keys Florida United States Monroe County Hawk Channel Summerland Key Global Change Master Science Directory seafloor None Modern none Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Ilsa B. Kuffner U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 U.S.A. 727-502-8000 ikuffner@usgs.gov Acknowledgment of the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected. Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Ilsa B. Kuffner 20170214 New York Springer Unknown Baums IB, Hughes CR, Hellberg MH 20050310 Luhe, Germany Inter-Research, Marine Ecology Progress Series http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v288/p115-127/ Baums IB, Johnson ME, Devlin-Durante MK, Miller MW 20100616 New York Springer - Coral Reefs http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00338-010-0645-y Jokiel PL, Maragos JE, Franzisket L 1978 Paris UNESCO None No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. Acropora cervicornis genotypes were assigned unique identification numbers by Iliana B. Baums (Pennsylvania State University) based upon Mendelian microsatellite loci for the Caribbean coral Acropora palmata (Baums et al. 2005; 2010). 20110101 Coral calcification rates were measured using the buoyant-weight technique by subtracting the sample weight in seawater at the start of the experiment (on April 19, 2015) from the sample weight after 191 days (on October 30, 2015) and calculating dry weight gained per day (mg d-1) using a seawater density of 1.02 g cm-3 and an aragonite density of 2.93 g cm-3 resulting in a conversion equation of Wair = 1.53Wwater (see Jokiel et al. 1978). Because single branch tips of approximately equal size (?1-cm2 planar footprint if standing on end, mean ± 1 standard deviation (SD) diameter of branch tip: 1.2 ± 0.14 cm, original tip height: 6.8 ± 1.7 cm) were used in the experiment, calcification rates were not normalized to any measure of surface area or initial weight. 20151030 Original colony height and total linear extension (increase in colony height plus accumulative length of all new branches) were measured to the nearest 0.1 mm using calipers. 20160509 Skeletal density of the corals was measured by computerized tomography (CT) using a Siemens Somatom Volume Zoom CT scanner at the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory in Miami, Florida. Density of skeleton added during the experimental period was determined using the Amira software package (FEI Company, Inc.) by digitally bisecting the CT image stack at the measured original height of each fragment. Mean of brightness of the entire volume of new growth was converted to real-world skeletal density using aragonite density phantoms. 20160509 Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. 20201013 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

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Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Not applicable Point Staghorn_coral_skeletal_data.csv, Staghorn_coral_skeletal_data.xlsx These files contain tabulated data collected in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary from April to October, 2015. USGS Coral_ID Coral identification number assigned by USGS personnel. USGS Non-sequential identification number assigned by USGS personnel Growout_Method A textual description of grow-out method (treatment) employed for this sample. USGS Corals grown attached to lines in the water column are labeled “water” and corals grown attached to concrete blocks at the seafloor are labeled “block.” Genotype_ID_Mote A textual identifier for the genetic identity (genotype) of the coral sample as assigned by Mote Marine Laboratory personnel. Mote Marine Laboratory A textual identifier for the genetic identity (genotype) of the coral sample as assigned by Mote Marine Laboratory personnel. Genotype_ID_Baums Genotype identification number assigned by Iliana B. Baums (Pennsylvania State University) based upon genetic data as determined using Mendelian microsatellite loci (see “Process” for details). Pennsylvania State University A textual identifier of the unique genotype of the coral sample as defined by Baums. Branch_original_width_mm Width (equal to maximum diameter) of the original, single-branch coral colony in mm USGS 8.4 15.6 mm Height_original_cm Height of the original, single-branch colony in cm USGS 2.28 9.00 cm Calcif_mg_day Average calcification rate (mg / day) per coral sample measured using the buoyant-weight method during the 191-day experimental period (April 19 to October 30, 2015) USGS 18.5 75.5 milligrams per day (mg / day) Skeletal_density_g_cm3 Skeletal density (g / cubic cm) of skeleton produced during the experimental period measured by computerized tomography (CT) USGS 1.05 1.45 grams per cubic cm (g / cm3) Total_linear_extension_added_cm Net total linear extension of all branches (sum of extension of each new branch and net length added to original branch in cm) added during the 191-day experimental period (April 19 to October 30, 2015). USGS 4.2 20.1 cm Number_new_branches Number of coral branches added by the original, single-branch colony during the 191-day experimental period (April 19 to October 30, 2015). USGS 1 9 The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on these data. The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Ilsa B. Kuffner U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 U.S.A. 727-502-8000 ikuffner@usgs.gov This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. XLSX, CSV (Comma Separated Values) Excel 2010 https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7HH6H72/data/Staghorn_coral_skeletal_data.zip None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. 20201013 Ilsa B. Kuffner U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Research Marine Biologist mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg Florida 33701 U.S.A. 727-502-8048 ikuffner@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998