U.S. Geological Survey - Alaska Science Center 20221209 tabular digital data Data Supporting Studies of Brant and Other Waterfowl Disturbance Behavior, Distribution, and Diet at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, 1985-1988 . Anchorage, Alaska U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center Suggested Citation: U.S. Geological Survey - Alaska Science Center, 2022, Data supporting studies of brant and other waterfowl disturbance behavior, distribution, and diet at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, 1985-1988: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B98AK4 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B98AK4 This data package presents legacy data collected during 1985-1987 at Izembek Lagoon on the western end of the Alaska Peninsula. The data were collected in support of a multi-year study focused on aircraft disturbance of waterfowl, particularly Black Brant, Emperor Geese, and Cackling Geese. The study was conducted at Izembek Lagoon and included several study sites within the lagoon: Halfway Point, Grant Point, Outer Marker, Quarter Point, Applegate Cove, Norma Bay, Round Island, and Banding Island. The primary objectives were to 1) define the time periods that are most important for geese, 2) determine if certian portions of Izembek Lagoon are more important than other areas, 3) evaluate factors that influence distribution of geese within Izembek Lagoon, and 4) compare use by geese of Izembek Lagoon with use of other adjacent lagoons to determine relative importance. The raw data are provided in a .CSV format, however, PDF digital scans of original field data sheets, tables, figures, and maps are also available upon request. Between 1985-1988, biologists with the USFWS Special Studies Program (precursor to USFWS Alaska Region departments and ultimately the Ecosystems Office at the USGS) collected observational information on waterbirds at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska. Izembek Lagoon contains one of the largest eelgrass beds in the world and the importance of this resource to waterfowl has led to its designation as a wetland of international importance (RAMSAR). Long-term studies on waterfowl productivity and behavior allow scientists to evaluate the health of waterfowl populations and the environments supporting them. Also, goose distribution patterns can be used to evaluate the likelihood for conflicts amd to minimize the disturbance effects of aircraft overflights or other activities causing disturbance. 1985 1987 observed Complete None planned Izembek Lagoon, Alaska -163.58 -161.41 55.72 54.78 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:ASC502 ISO 19115 Topic Category Biota Environment NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus Animals/Vertebrates Ducks/Geese/Swans Animal ecology and behavior USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus Waterfowl Disturbance Ecosystems Social behavior Public aircraft USGS Thesaurus Wildlife Ecology Coastal ecosystems Animal behavior Field inventory and monitoring Field experiments Mitigation of coastal hazards Migration Biological productivity None Black Brant Emperor Goose Cackling Goose USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Alaska Alaska Peninsula Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US) Izembek Lagoon Cove Island Grant Point Applegate Cove Norma Bay Round Island none Halfway Point Outer Marker Quarter Point Banding Island None Brant Goose Emperor Goose Cackling Goose ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System Unknown online database online ITIS-North America Taxonomic details retrieved November 7, 2022, from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database https://www.itis.gov https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK Avian species were identified by skilled observers in the field based on plumage, behavior, and vocalizations Taxonomy is complete for all samples. No vouchers were collected. Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Aves Order Anseriformes Family Anatidae Genus Branta Species Branta bernicla TSN: 175011 Species Branta hutchinsii TSN: 174068 Genus Anser Species Anser canagicus TSN: 175031 No access constraints. No use constraints. We request that the suggested citation of this USGS data release be included in any publications that reference or utilize these data. U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center Mailing and Physical

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Anchorage Alaska 99508 USA 907-786-7000 gs-ak_asc_datamanagers@usgs.gov Ward, D.H. Taylor, E.J. Wotawa, M.A. Stehn, R.A. Derksen, D.V. Lensink, C.J. 1986 report Anchorage, Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center Ward, D.H., Taylor, E.J., Wotawa, M.A., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., Lensink, C.J., 1986. Behavior of Pacific black brant and other geese in response to aircraft disturbances and other disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: 1986 annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska. https://catalog.northslopescience.org/dataset/170 Ward, D.H. Taylor, E.J. Wotawa, M.A. Stehn, R.A. Derksen, D.V. Lensink, C.J. 1987 report Anchorage, Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center Ward, D.H., Taylor, E.J., Wotawa, M.A., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., Lensink, C.J., 1987. Behavior of Pacific black brant and other geese in response to aircraft disturbances and other disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: 1987 annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska. Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 106093]. https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/157539 Ward, D.H. Stehn, R.A. Wotawa, M.A. North, M.R. Books-Blenden, B. Lensink, C.J. Derksen, D.V. 1988 report Anchorage, Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., Wotawa, M.A., North, M.R., Books-Blenden, B., Lensink, C.J., Derksen, D.V., 1988. Response of Pacific black brant and other geese to aircraft overflights at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: 1988 annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska. Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 106095]. https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/157542 Ward, D.H. Stehn, R.A. 1989 report Intra-agency agreement 14-12-0001-30332 MMS 90-0046 Anchorage, Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., 1989. Response of brant and other geese to aircraft disturbance at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: final report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska. Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 107956]. https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/107956 Ward, D.H. Stehn, R.A. Derksen, D.V. 1994 publication Wildlife Society Bulletin 22(2):220-228 Wildlife Society Bulletin Wiley Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., 1994. Response of staging brant to disturbance at the Izembek Lagoon, Alaska. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22(2):220-228. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3783249 https://www.jstor.org/stable/3783249 Erickson, W.P. Nick, T.G. Ward, D.H. 1998 publication ASA-SIAM Series on Statistics and Applied Probability Book 3 Statistical Case Studies: A Collaboration Between Academe and Industry: Chapter 13 Book SIAM Erickson, W.P., Nick, T.G., Ward, D.H., 1998. Investigating flight response of Pacific brant to helicopters at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska by using logistic regression. In Peck, R., Haugh, L.D., Goodman, A. (Eds.), Statistical Case Studies: A Collaboration Between Academe and Industry (book 3). Ward, D.H. Stehn, R.A. Erickson, W.P. Derksen, D.V. 1999 publication The Journal of Wildlife Management 63(1): 373-381 Journal of Wildlife Management Wiley Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., Erickson, W.P., Derksen, D.V., 1999. Response of fall-staging brant and Canada geese to aircraft overflights in southwestern Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management 63(1): 373-381. https://doi.org/10.2307/3802522 https://doi.org/10.2307/3802522 Patil, V.P. Amundson, C.L. Ward, D.H. Fitzmorris, P.J. 2020 data release online USGS Alaska Science Center Patil, V.P., Amundson, C.L., Ward, D.H. Fitzmorris, P.J., 2020, Data and model-based estimates from Black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) fall age ratio surveys at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska (ver 3.0, December 2021): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QIJIU2 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QIJIU2 Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) protocols for these data included: 1) electronically transcribed field notes and data sheets associated with goose disturbance observations were checked against the hardcopy data, and 2) all records were checked for missing values, duplicates, outliers, and inconsistencies. Attribute values fall within expected ranges. Blank cells indicate data that were not recorded or not provided. The dataset is complete, no data were omitted. Positions were obtained by comparing hard copy maps of Izembek Lagoon to current satellite imagery. Latitude and longitude were selected as the centroid of the study site. ABUNDANCE, TIMING, DISTRIBUTION: Aerial surveys were flown by personnel from the Office of Migratory Bird Management and INWR to determine the total number and seasonal distribution of geese within Izembek Lagoon between 1975 and 1988. Highest total counts during fall, winter, and spring were used to determine population trends across years for each study species (see Ward and Stehn 1989 for additional methodology). Unknown BEHAVIOR: Four levels of observation intensity and sampling methods existed: 1) continuous behavioral observations, 2) instantaneous scan sampling, 3) estimation of time spent in flight, and 4) the use of radio telemetry to determine the frequency of geese in foraging verses roosting habitat (see Ward and Stehn 1989 for additional methodology). Unknown BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE TO DISTURBANCE: Surveys and independent observations were used to determine the relative intensity of various man-caused disturbance stimuli and the influence of disturbance on birds' time budget as indicated by behavioral responses in geese (see Ward and Stehn 1989 for additional methodology). Unknown DIGITIZATION: Hard copies of the documents including field data sheets, figures, tables, and maps have been stored at the USGS Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska. During the spring-fall 2022, the documents were digitally scanned, organized and inventoried. The data were pertaining to goose distribution, experimental overflights, incidental disturbances, and undisturbed behavior were transcribed into a digital .CSV format. 2022 LITERATURE CITED: Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., 1989. Response of brant and other geese to aircraft disturbance at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: final report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska. Unknown Study site names are local geographic place names of observation areas and do not describe precise geographic points. Point World Geodetic System of 1984 World Geodetic System of 1984 6378137 298.257223563 gooseDistributionCounts_izembek_ward_1985-1987.csv Data table corresponding to the distribution (counts) of Brant Geese, Cackling Geese, and Emperor Geese at Izembek Lagoon. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table. Author defined Num Record number in consecutive order. Author defined 1 4312 Count StudyArea Name of location where goose distribution counts were completed. Author defined AGN Applegate Cove North (approximately 55.21 N, 162.85 W) Author defined GPE Grant Point East (approximately 55.27 N, 162.88 W) Author defined HP Halfway Point (approximately 55.29 N, 162.82 W) Author defined OM Outer Marker (approximately 55.31 N, 162.76 W) Author defined QP Quarter Point (approximately 55.27 N, 162.83 W) Author defined ACS Applegate Cove South (approximately 55.20 N, 162.86 W) Author defined BI Banding Island (approximately 55.28 N, 162.84 W) Author defined GPW Grant Point West (approximately 55.26 N, 162.89 W) Author defined NB Norma Bay (approximately 55.18 N, 163.03 W) Author defined RIE Round Island East (approximately 55.32 N, 162.78 W) Author defined RIW Round Island West (approximately 55.32 N, 162.79 W) Author defined Year Year the goose distribution was observed. Author defined 1985 1987 Year (YYYY) Date Day the goose distribution was observed. Author defined 1985-09-24 1987-11-02 Date (YYYY-MM-DD) Time Time the goose distribution was observed. Author defined 10:00 23:00 Time (hh:mm) 24 hr Observer Observer initials of goose distribution observations. Blank cells indicate that the observer was not recorded. Author defined ET Eric Taylor Author defined BS Bob Stehn Author defined DW David Ward Author defined PF Paul Flint Author defined MW Mark Wotawa Author defined CL Calvin Lensink Author defined TideHt Tide hight (feet) recorded from the study area tide gauge. Author defined -1.4 4.9 Feet TideFlow Tide current. A negative sign indicates ebb current (out-flowing tide) and a positive value indicates a flood current (in-flowing tide). Author defined -0.7 1.5 Feet Species The waterfowl species observed. Author defined B Brant Geese Author defined C Cackling Geese Author defined E Emperor Geese Author defined TotalBirds Total number of geese observed at the given study area. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 21200 Count SubareaA through SubareaD Total number of geese counted in study areas: Applegate Cove South, Applegate Cove North, Grant Point West, Halfway Point, Banding Island, Norma Bay, Round Island East, and Round Island West. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 6500 Count SubareaE Total number of geese counted in study areas: Applegate Cove South, Applegate Cove North, Halfway Point, Norma Bay, and Round Island East. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 40000 Count SubareaF Total number of geese counted in study areas: Halfway Point, Banding Island, Norma Bay, and Round Island East. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 38000 Count SubareaG through SubareaH Total number of geese counted in study areas: Banding Island and Norma Bay. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 32000 Count SubareaI through SubareaJ Total number of geese counted in study areas: Halfway Point, Banding Island and Norma Bay. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 10000 Count SubareaK through SubareaN Total number of geese counted at Banding Island study area. Blank cells indicate that the total number of birds for the particular species was not recorded. Author defined 0 12000 Count U.S. Geological Survey USGS ScienceBase Team Mailing and Physical

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