Jay, Chadwick V. (ORCID: 0000-0002-9559-2189) Quakenbush, Lori T. (ORCID: 0000-0002-3316-084X) Citta, John J. (ORCID: 0000-0003-4710-0634) Fischbach, Anthony S. (ORCID: 0000-0002-6555-865X) Battaile, Brian C. (ORCID: 0000-0003-1969-4842) 20201214 tabular digital data Anchorage, Alaska U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center Suggested Citation: Jay, C.V., Quakenbush, L.T., Citta, J.J., Fischbach, A.S., Battaile, B.C., 2020, Sex and age composition of walrus groups hauled out on ice floes in the Bering and Chukchi Seas, 2013-2015: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F79K4894 https://doi.org/10.5066/F79K4894 These data are in one table with age and sex composition counts of groups of walruses on ice floes in the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Counts were collected by visual observations from boats. These data were collected to improve population demographic estimates of the Pacific walrus population. 20130606 20150622 observed Complete None planned Eastern Chukchi Sea and northern Bering Sea -176.95 -160.87 71.86 62.35 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:ASC335 ISO 19115 Topic Category Biota Environment NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus Animals/vertebrates Mammals Carnivores Seals/Sea lions/Walruses Population dynamics USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus Demography Marine mammals Pinniped Age composition Sex ratio USGS Thesaurus Wildlife Marine ecosystems Population dynamics None Pacific Walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Alaska Chukchi Sea Bering Sea None Marine mammals Pacific Walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System Unknown online database online ITIS-North America Taxonomic details retrieved September 23, 2022 from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database https://www.itis.gov https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK Species were identified by skilled observers in the field based on general appearance. Taxonomy is completed for all samples. No voucher specimens were collected. Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Mammalia Subclass Theria Infraclass Eutheria Order Carnivora Suborder Caniformia Family Odobenidae Genus Odobenus Species Odobenus rosmarus Walrus TSN: 180639 Subspecies Odobenus rosmarus divergens Pacific Walrus TSN: 622045 No access constraints. No use constraints. We request that the suggested citation of this USGS data release be included in any publications that reference or utilize these data. U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center Mailing and Physical

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Anchorage Alaska 99508 USA 907-786-7000 gs-ak_asc_datamanagers@usgs.gov Taylor, R.L. Udevitz, M.S. 2015 journal article Marine Mammal Science 31(1):231-254 online Wiley Taylor, R.L., Udevitz, M.S., 2015. Demography of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens): 1974–2006. Marine Mammal Science 31(1):231-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12156 https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12156 Taylor, R.L. Udevitz, M.S. Jay, C.V. Citta, J.J. Quakenbush, L.T. Lemons, P.R. Snyder, J.A. 2018 journal article Marine Mammal Science 34(1):54-86 online Wiley Taylor, R.L., Udevitz, M.S., Jay, C.V., Citta, J.J., Quakenbush, L.T., Lemons, P.R., Snyder, J.A., 2018. Demography of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in a changing Arctic. Marine Mammal Science 34(1):54-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12434 https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12434 Beatty, W.S. Lemons, P.R. Everett, J.P. Lewis, C.J. Taylor, R.L. Lynn, R.J. Sethi, S.A. Quakenbush, L. Citta, J.J. Kissling, M.L. Kryukova, N. Wenburg, J.K. 2022 journal article Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS) 697:167-182 online Inter-Research Science Publisher Beatty, W.S., Lemons, P.R., Everett, J.P., Lewis, C.J., Taylor, R.L., Lynn, R.J., Sethi, S.A., Quakenbush, L., Citta, J.J., Kissling, M.L., Kryukova, N., Wenburg, J.K., 2022. Estimating Pacific walrus abundance and survival with multievent mark-recapture models. Marine Ecology Progress Series 697:167-182. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14131 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14131 All data were cross-checked and verified with original field worksheets. Attribute values fall within expected ranges. No data were omitted and there are no missing data. Blank cells indicate data were not collected or not provided (see Attribute Definitions for details). Locations were acquired with hand-held GPS units (accuracy estimated to be within 3 m) and represent the location of the boat from which observers collected composition data. METHODS - FIELD: We collected age and sex data from skiffs and viewing points above the bridges of the R/V Norseman II (a retrofitted crabber designed for research in the arctic) and the R/V Professor Multanovskiy (a 249 ft Russian oceanographic vessel designed for polar expeditions). Groups of walruses hauled out on ice floes were approached at <1 knot from downwind. Age and sex data for each individual in the group was recorded using a method developed by Francis H. Fay based on the tusk length relative to the muzzle size and other distinguishing characteristics (Citta et al 2014). All individuals in a group must be categorized for the group to be successfully counted. Unknown LITERATURE CITED: Citta, J.J., Quakenbush, L.T., Taras, B.D., 2014. Estimation of calf:cow ratios of Pacific walruses for use in population modeling and monitoring. Marine Mammal Science 30(1):20-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12013 Unknown Point 0.01 0.01 Decimal degrees World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) 6378137 298.257223563 walrus_hauloutGroupComposition_2013-2015_battaile.csv Table of observations of age and sex composition of Pacific walrus on ice haulouts, with information about observations. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table. Author defined GroupAN Unique identifier of each record. Author defined 4 2181 GroupId Unique group identifier. A concatenation of observation boat, date, and group number. Author defined Unique identifier of each walrus group Year Year of data collection. Author defined 2013 2015 Year (YYYY) DateTimeStart Date and Time of the start of data collection. Author defined 2013-06-06 16:19 2015-06-22 09:00 Date and time (YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm) DateTimeEnd Date and time of end of data collection. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 2013-06-06 18:31 2015-06-22 09:01 Date and time (YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm) Latitude Latitude in decimal degrees of the location of the boat at the time of data collection. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 62.35 71.86 Decimal degrees (WGS84) Longitude Longitude in decimal degrees of the location of the boat at the time of data collection. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined -176.95 -160.87 Decimal degrees (WGS84) Observer Names of observers collecting data Author defined Names of observers collecting data IceConcentration Concentration of ice on the water at the time the group was scored. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0.1 0.9 Proportion of ice and open water IceForm Type of ice observed. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined Small Floe Types of at sea ice. Author defined Medium Floe Types of at sea ice. Author defined Ice Cake Types of at sea ice. Author defined DistanceToGroup Minimum distance in meters of boat from group as measured by a Leica Rangemaster distance measurer. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 2 1200 meters FlightDistance Distance in meters of boat from group when/if the group left the ice floe. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 1098 meters ApproachDirection Direction of group relative to the boat. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 1 359 degrees GroupSize Number of animals in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 1 69 cou GroupSizingMethod Method used to determine the number of animals in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined Count Group size determined by direct count. Author defined Estimate Group size estimated. Author defined MMPAtake Number of animals in the group that left the ice floe. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 62 ObservationPlatform Name of the boat the group composition data was observed from. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined NM R/V Norseman II Author defined PM R/V Professor Multanovskiy Author defined S1 Skiff 1 Author defined S2 Skiff 2 Author defined S3 Skiff 3 Author defined 0_Calves Number of animals in the group of age 0 years. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 22 1_Yearlings Number of animals in the group of age 1 year. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 10 2_Year Number of animals in the group of age 2 years. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 7 3_Year Number of animals in the group of age 3 years. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 8 4-5_Year Number of animals in the group of age 4-5 years. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 8 U_juv Number in the group that were identified as juvenile, that were not able to be aged more specifically. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 2 M_6-9 Number of adult males of age 6-9 years in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 4 M_10-15 Number of adult males of age 10-15 years in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 5 M_15+ Number of adult males of age >15 years in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 3 M_6+ Number of adult males of age >= 6 years in the group, that were not able to be aged more specifically. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 11 F_6-9 Number of adult females of age 6-9 years in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 5 F_10-15 Number of adult females of age 10-15 years in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 5 F_15+ Number of adult males of age >15 years in the group. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 8 F_6+ Number of adult females of age >= 6 years in the group, that were not able to be aged more specifically. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 48 U_6+ Number of adults of unknown sex of age >= 6 years in the group, that were not able to be aged more specifically. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 10 UU Number of animals in the group of unknown age and sex. Blank cells indicate data was not recorded. Author defined 0 20 AllScored Boolean variable indicating whether the age and sex composition data was taken for all animals in the group? Author defined TRUE Age and sex composition data from all animals in the group. Author defined FALSE Age and sex composition data not from all animals in the group. Author defined Notes Additional information necessary for interpretation of the data. Author defined Notes to explain unusual factors of the group composition data collection process or data itself. U.S. Geological Survey USGS ScienceBase Team Mailing and Physical

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Denver Colorado 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov The U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center is the authoritative source of these data, distributed by ScienceBase (a USGS Trusted Digital Repository). Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes or on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. CSV Tabular data in CSV format; FGDC metadata in XML and HTML formats. https://doi.org/10.5066/F79K4894 None 20250206 U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center Mailing and Physical

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Anchorage Alaska 99508 USA 907-786-7000 gs-ak_asc_datamanagers@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) FGDC-STD-001.1-1999