Kara S. Doran Justin J. Birchler Matthew W. Hardy Kirsten J. Bendik Joshua M. Pardun Hannah A. Locke 20210218 2.0 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P99ILAB9 St. Petersburg, FL U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P99ILAB9 Stockdon, H.F. Doran, K.S. Thompson, D.M. Sopkin, K.L. Plant, N.G. Sallenger, A.H. 20120501 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1084 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121084 This dataset contains information on the probabilities of hurricane-induced erosion (collision, inundation and overwash) for each 1-kilometer (km) section of the United States [Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic] coast for category 1-5 hurricanes. The analysis is based on a storm-impact scaling model that uses observations of beach morphology combined with sophisticated hydrodynamic models to predict how the coast will respond to the direct landfall of category 1-5 hurricanes. Hurricane-induced water levels, due to both surge and waves, are compared to beach and dune elevations to determine the probabilities of three types of coastal change: collision (dune erosion), overwash, and inundation. Data on dune morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) and hydrodynamics (storm surge, wave setup and runup) are also included in this dataset. As new beach morphology observations and storm predictions become available, this analysis will be updated to describe how coastal vulnerability to storms will vary in the future. The data presented here include the dune morphology observations, as derived from lidar surveys. To provide data on the probability of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards for the coasts of the United States. 20210131 Publication date Complete None planned, however future updates and post-storm analyses are anticipated. -97.3796 -69.7254 43.7808 25.6642 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:748fa44f-c2fb-4289-b453-232baf4bc86e ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation oceans elevation environment USGS Thesaurus hazards marine geology ocean sciences coastal processes sand deposits sedimentation erosion None U.S. Geological Survey USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center SPCMSC Coastal and Marine Geology Program CMGP Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Open-File Report 2012-1084 OFR 2012-1084 Open-File Report 2013-1130 OFR 2013-1130 Open-File Report 2013-1131 OFR 2013-1131 Open-File Report 2014-1243 OFR 2014-1243 coastal inundation overwash Geographic Names Information System Atlantic Ocean Gulf of Mexico Texas Louisiana Mississippi Alabama Florida Georgia South Carolina North Carolina Virginia Maryland Delaware New Jersey New York Rhode Island Massachusetts New Hampshire Maine None U.S. Gulf Coast U.S. Southeast Coast U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coast U.S. Northeast Coast Louisiana None Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originators of the data in future products or derivative research. U.S. Geological Survey Kara Doran mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 UNITED STATES 727-502-8117 727-502-8182 kdoran@usgs.gov The predicted elevations of combined high tide and storm surge for category 1-5 hurricanes were extracted from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) SLOSH (Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes) model, which has been employed by NOAA in inundation risk studies and operational storm surge forecasting. Wave runup and setup conditions were generated using Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) software developed by Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809; MATLAB R2017a; Esri ArcGIS 10.6 U.S. Geological Survey 2021 https://marine.usgs.gov/coastalchangehazardsportal/ Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., and Plant, N.G. 20130701 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1130 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131130 Doran, K.S., Stockdon, H.F., Sopkin, K.L., Thompson, D.M., and Plant, N.G. 20130701 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1131 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131131 Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., Plant, N.G., and Sallenger, A.H. 20120501 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1084 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121084 Birchler, J.J., Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K.S., and Thompson, D.M. 20141211 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1243 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141243 Doran, K.S., Stockdon, H.F., Thompson, D.M., Birchler, J., Plant, N.G., and Overbeck, J.R 20160510 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7QC01KZ St. Petersburg, FL U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QC01KZ No additional checks for consistency were performed on this data. This dataset includes dune morphology and hurricane hydrodynamic data used to generate probabilities of hurricane-induced erosion, elevation data from lidar surveys are not included. Measurements were collected approximately every 10-meters (m) and summarized to 1-km segments. Category 5 hurricane conditions are not provided by the NOAA SLOSH model for domains north of North Carolina. As a result, only water levels and probabilities for Categories 1-4 hurricanes are provided in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic and U.S. Northeast regions of this dataset. Horizontal accuracy was not estimated. Vertical accuracy for hydrodynamic measurements (surge, setup, and runup) is dependent on input data. SLOSH model accuracy is estimated to be +/- 20 percent of the calculated value. Modeled wave heights were compared to observed wave heights at several buoys located at different water depths throughout the Gulf of Mexico and simulated wave heights were representative of maximum possible wave heights for each hurricane category. No other accuracy checks were performed. Vertical accuracy for dune morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) data is dependent on the positional accuracy of the lidar data. Estimated accuracy of lidar surveys are +/- 15 centimeters. However, vertical accuracies may vary based on the type of terrain (for example, inaccuracies may increase as slope increases or with the presence of extremely dense vegetation), the accuracy of the global positioning system (GPS) and aircraft-attitude measurements. National Hurricane Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 20130603 https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/surge/momOverview.php Online digital data 20130603 The date when web page was last modified. MOM Data provides water levels that are expected under worst-case scenario conditions at all locations for a storm of specified category. Delft University of Technology 20110622 https://www.tudelft.nl/en/ceg/about-the-faculty/departments/hydraulic-engineering/sections/environmental-fluid-mechanics/research/swan/ Computer program 2011 The date when software was obtained. SWAN Model that was used to estimate wave setup and runup conditions for different hurricane categories. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Office for Coastal Management (OCM) United States Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP) Woolpert 20150708 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=4914 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar1_z/geoid12b/data/4914 Online digital data 2013116 20141227 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2013 USGS RI-NH A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20170913 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=6329 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/6329 Online digital data 20170609 20170916 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2017 USACE MD-NY A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20190830 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8617 https://coast.noaa.gov/htdata/lidar3_z/geoid12b/data/8617 Online digital data 20181002 20181015 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2018 USACE SC-VA A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20170215 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=5184 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/5184 Online digital data 20161001 20161231 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2016 USACE GA-VA A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20171002 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=6330 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/6330 Online digital data 20170918 20171025 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2017 USACE FL A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 20200318 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=9053 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar3_z/geoid18/data/9053 Online digital data 20180508 20190301 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2018 USGS FLWC A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Geodetic Survey 20190728 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8793 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar3_z/geoid12b/data/8793 Online digital data 20171010 20171027 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2017 NOAA FLWC A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20161215 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=5183 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/5183 Online digital data 20150606 20150630 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2015 USACE FLWC A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20181108 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8625 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/8625 Online digital data 20181024 20181104 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2018 USACE FLPH A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20181108 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8626 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar3_z/geoid12b/data/8626 Online digital data 20181116 20181118 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2018 USACE MS-AL A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 20161018 http://nationalmap.gov/viewer.html Online digital data 20150118 20150213 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2015 USGS LA A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 20171212 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8597 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/8597 Online digital data 20170108 20170303 The date when lidar surveys were conducted. 2017 USGS LA A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX) 20170913 https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=5186 ftp://ftp.coast.noaa.gov/pub/DigitalCoast/lidar2_z/geoid12b/data/5186 Online digital data 20160723 20161010 The date when lidar surveys were conducted 2016 USACE TX A lidar survey that was used to estimate dune morphology variables. For dune morphology data: Elevation data from lidar surveys were interpolated in MATLAB to a gridded domain that was rotated parallel to the shoreline and had a resolution of 10 m in the longshore direction and 2.5 m in the cross-shore direction. The interpolation method applied spatial filtering with a Hanning window that was twice as wide as the grid resolution. Dune morphology data were extracted from the elevation grid in MATLAB. Dune morphology data were then summarized to 1 km sections. Sections with greater than 75 percent of data missing were flagged with the invalid number of -999. The 1-km smoothed dune crest (DHIGH), toe (DLOW) and root mean square (RMS) error for each were written to line shapefiles using MATLAB shapewrite.m script. Each state was processed separately and then combined into regional datasets. The regional datasets were published as USGS Open-File Reports and data releases. The citation information for those datasets can be found in the Cross_Reference section of this metadata. This dataset combines all four regions (northeast, mid-Atlantic, southeast, and Gulf coasts) into one dataset. For details on morphologic feature extraction, see: Stockdon and others (2012) 2013 USGS RI-NH 2017 USACE MD-NY 2018 USACE SC-VA 2016 USACE GA-VA 2017 USACE FL 2018 USGS FLWC 2017 NOAA FLWC 2015 USACE FLWC 2018 USACE FLPH 2018 USACE MS-AL 2015 USGS LA 2017 USGS LA 2016 USACE TX 2019 Dune morphology (DHIGH, DLOW, DHIrms, DLOrms) U.S. Geological Survey Kara S. Doran mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 UNITED STATES 727-502-8117 727-502-8182 kdoran@usgs.gov For hydrodynamic data: Water level was computed in MATLAB by adding storm surge (SURGE) from NOAAs SLOSH model to wave setup (SETUP) and runup (RUNUP). The wave height and period used for calculating wave runup and setup came from the SWAN model. Hydrodynamic parameters were calculated in MATLAB and exported into ArcGIS shapefile format. For details on modeling parameterization, see: Stockdon and others (2012). SLOSH SWAN 2011 Hydrodynamics (SURGE, SETUP, RUNUP) U.S. Geological Survey Kara S. Doran mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 UNITED STATES 727-502-8117 727-502-8182 kdoran@usgs.gov Probabilities of coastal erosion hazards are based on estimating the likelihood that the beach system will experience erosion and deposition patterns consistent with collision, overwash, or inundation regimes. The regimes are calculated by using values of dune morphology and mean and extreme water levels for each 1 km section, such that probability of collision (PCOL) occurs when extreme water levels reach the dune toe; overwash (POVW) when extreme water levels reach the dune crest; and inundation (PIND) when mean water levels reach the dune crest. Probabilities were calculated in MATLAB and exported in ArcGIS format. For details on modeling parameterization, see Stockdon and others (2012). Dune morphology Hydrodynamics 2020 Probabilities (PCOL, POVW, PIND) U.S. Geological Survey Kara S. Doran mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 UNITED STATES 727-502-8117 727-502-8182 kdoran@usgs.gov Vector String 5088 0.0197704367 0.0239366981 Decimal Degrees D WGS 1984 WGS 1984 6378137.0 298.257223563 US_erosion_hazards.shp Probabilities of hurricane-induced coastal erosion, dune morphology, and hurricane hydrodynamic data USGS FID Internal feature number. Esri Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. Esri Coordinates defining the features. OBJECTID Object identifier Esri 1 5092 meters DHIGH Elevation of dune crest in meters, using the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). USGS 0.75123 46.2234 meters -999 Null value USGS DLOW Elevation of the dune toe, in meters, NAVD88. USGS 0.5495 6.8297 meters -999 Null value USGS DHIrms Root mean squared error of dune crest elevation measurements (square meters). USGS 0.0028 28.5635 square meters -999 Null value USGS DLOrms Root mean square error of dune toe elevation measurements (square meters). USGS 0.004063 3.8412 square meters -999 Null value USGS SURGE1 Storm surge water level for a category 1 storm. USGS 0.6699 3.5171 meters NAVD88 SURGE2 Storm surge water level for a category 2 storm. USGS 1.0674 5.4055 meters NAVD88 SURGE3 Storm surge water level for a category 3 storm. USGS 1.4125 7.3115 meters NAVD88 SURGE4 Storm surge water level surge for a category 4 storm. USGS 1.9151 9.0222 meters NAVD88 SURGE5 Storm surge water level for a category 5 storm. USGS 2.4091 9.5770 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS RUNUP1 Wave runup water level for a category 1 storm. USGS 1.25870 13.5769 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS RUNUP2 Wave runup water level for a category 2 storm. USGS 1.344182 13.8032 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS RUNUP3 Wave runup water level for a category 3 storm. USGS 1.449626 13.9445 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS RUNUP4 Wave runup water level for a category 4 storm. USGS 1.564018 14.0261 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS RUNUP5 Wave runup water level for a category 5 storm. USGS 2.075639 14.0568 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS SETUP1 Wave setup water level for a category 1 storm. USGS 0.023892 5.5640 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS SETUP2 Wave setup water level for a category 2 storm. USGS 0.024696 5.6567 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS SETUP3 Wave setup water level for a category 3 storm. USGS 0.025876 5.7145 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS SETUP4 Wave setup water level for a category 4 storm. USGS 0.027447 5.8159 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS SETUP5 Wave setup water level for a category 5 storm. USGS 0.0281 5.76045 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS PCOL1 Probability of collision from a category 1 storm. USGS 20.2579 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PCOL2 Probability of collision from a category 2 storm USGS 53.9728 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PCOL3 Probability of collision from a category 3 storm USGS 85.9612 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PCOL4 Probability of collision from a category 4 storm USGS 89.1486 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PCOL5 Probability of collision from a category 5 storm USGS 94.9803 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS POVW1 Probability of overwash from a category 1 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS POVW2 Probability of overwash from a category 2 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS POVW3 Probability of overwash from a category 3 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS POVW4 Probability of overwash from a category 4 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS POVW5 Probability of overwash from a category 5 storm USGS 5.2801 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PIND1 Probability of inundation from a category 1 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PIND2 Probability of inundation from a category 2 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PIND3 Probability of inundation from a category 3 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PIND4 Probability of inundation from a category 4 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS PIND5 Probability of inundation from a category 5 storm USGS 0.00 100.00 percent -999 Null value USGS MEAN1 Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 1 storm USGS 1.1617 8.0495 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS MEAN2 Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 2 storm USGS 1.7465 9.2209 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS MEAN3 Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 3 storm USGS 2.1959 10.4266 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS MEAN4 Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 4 storm. USGS 2.6576 11.7341 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS MEAN5 Mean water level (Setup + Surge) for a category 5 storm. USGS 3.1623 11.3102 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS EXTREME1 Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 1 storm. USGS 2.9932 15.0102 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS EXTREME2 Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 2 storm. USGS 3.8645 16.3538 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS EXTREME3 Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 3 storm. USGS 4.4381 17.8072 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS EXTREME4 Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 4 storm. USGS 4.9269 19.2112 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS EXTREME5 Extreme water level (Runup + Surge) for a category 5 storm. USGS 5.7195 17.5916 meters NAVD88 -999 Null value USGS STATE 2 letter state abbreviation USGS INCITS 31-2009 Information Technology - Codes For The Identification Of Counties And Equivalent Areas Of The United States, Puerto Rico, And The Insular Areas ANSI U.S. Geological Survey Kara S. Doran mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 727-502-8117 727-502-8182 kdoran@usgs.gov Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. shapefile The data download file is compressed and must be unzipped using software such as WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip before use. https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P99ILAB9/data/US_erosion_hazards_2021.zip None, if obtained online. 20210922 U.S. Geological Survey Kara S. Doran mailing and physical

600 4th Street South

Saint Petersburg FL 33701 UNITED STATES 727-502-8117 727-502-8182 kdoran@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time