Jon P. Mason 20260414 comma separated values (CSV) U.S. Geological Survey Menne, M.J., and Williams, C.N., Jr., 2012, United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Version 2.5.5.20240821: NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] National Centers for Environmental Information dataset, accessed August 21, 2024, at https://doi.org/10.7289/V56W98B4. Menne, M.J., Williams, C.N., Jr., and Vose, R.S., 2009, The U.S. historical climatology network monthly temperature data, version 2: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 90, no. 7, p. 993–1008, accessed February 7, 2025, at https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2613.1. https://doi.org/10.5066/P144FN7Q National Centers for Environmental Information 20240821 tabular digital data Asheville, NC National Centers for Environmental Information Menne, M.J., and Williams, C.N., Jr., 2012, United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Version 2.5.5.20240821: NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] National Centers for Environmental Information dataset, accessed August 21, 2024, at https://doi.org/10.7289/V56W98B4. Menne, M.J., Williams, C.N., Jr., and Vose, R.S., 2009, The U.S. historical climatology network monthly temperature data, version 2: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 90, no. 7, p. 993–1008, accessed February 7, 2025, at https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2613.1. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ushcn/v2.5/ This U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Version 2.5 average monthly maximum near surface air temperature data was downloaded from the National Centers for Environmental Information on 8/21/2024. The original downloaded file was a space delimited text file that has been converted to a comma separated values (CSV) file. The data in this file is for USHCN station Whiteriver 1 SW, Arizona (USH00029271) for the period 1893–2024. Data from USHCN version 2.5 are being adjusted as new data are collected. This creates a time series going back in time that reflects the current status of a station’s configuration (for example, current instrumentation, observation time, and site characteristics), but without the localized inhomogeneities detected by the pairwise homogenization algorithm. This can cause the data to change slightly depending on when it is obtained, but ideally, the overall climate trend of the adjusted record should be reasonably stable through time. The U.S. Historical Climatology Network Monthly Data, Version 2.5 consists of precipitation and temperature data "corrected" for changes in station location, instrumentation, and observing practices. The vast majority of stations are from the NOAA Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Network. Stations have been selected according to coverage, length of data record and completeness, and historical stability. Data includes sets of Maximum, Minimum and Average Temperature and Precipitation data that are either (1) raw (non-adjusted though flagged for possible quality issues), (2) adjusted due to time of observation bias (TOB) or (3) put through the Pairwise Homogenization Algorithm (PHA). The data also is archived with station information and source code for reading the data. 18930201 20240731 ground condition Complete None planned -110.01940 -109.92994 33.88050 33.79580 ISO 19115 Topic Category climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere USGS Thesaurus air temperature USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:69727e4bd4be024aa5bdddce None Fort Apache Reservation Whiteriver, Arizona None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information physical

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Asheville NC 28801 (828) 271-4800 ncei.info@noaa.gov No formal Accuracy test were performed. For further information about accuracy refer to documentation from the U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) program. All values fall within expected ranges. Dataset is only for U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) station Whiteriver 1 SW, Arizona (USH00029271) located on the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona. No formal positional accuracy tests were performed. No formal positional accuracy tests were performed. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) 20240821 tabular digital data Asheville, NC National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Menne, M.J., and Williams, C.N., Jr., 2012, United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Version 2.5.5.20240821: NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] National Centers for Environmental Information dataset, accessed August 21, 2024, at https://doi.org/10.7289/V56W98B4. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ushcn/v2.5/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 18930201 20240731 publication date USH00029271.FLs.52j.tmax20240821 U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) monthly average near surface air temperature data from station Whiteriver 1 SW, Arizona (USH00029271) for the period 1893–2024 These data were processed by the NCEI as described below: U.S. HISTORICAL CLIMATOLOGY NETWORK MONTHLY (USHCN) Version 2.5.0 (Last Updated: 06 August, 2014) 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 OVERVIEW In October 2012, a revision to the USHCN version 2 datasets was released as version 2.5. The version 2.5 processing steps are essentially the same as in version 2.0, but the increase in version number change reflects modifications that have been made to the underlying database as well as coding changes to the pairwise homogenization algorithm (PHA) that improve its overall efficiency. These modifications are listed in more detail in Table 1 of the USHCN version 2 website: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/ushcn and in the techical documents linked to therein. The composition of the network remains unchanged at 1218 stations, but the data formats and reprocessing frequency have changed. USHCN version 2.5 is now produced using the same processing system used for GHCN-Monthly version 3. This reprocessing consists of a construction process that assembles the USHCN version 2.5 monthly data in a specific source priority order (one that favors monthly data calculated directly from the latest version of GHCN-Daily), quality controls the data, identifies inhomogeneities and performs adjustments where possible. 1.2 INTERNET ACCESS WEBPAGE: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/ushcn FTP: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/ushcn/v2.5 1.3 DOWNLOADING AND INSTALLING WINDOWS (example): USHCN v2.5 files are compressed into gzip format by element. Data files are all of the format ushcn.element.latest.dataset.tar.gz where element=tmax, tmin, tavg, or prcp; and, dataset=raw, tob, or FLs.52i. The data will untar/uncompress into a directory called ushcn.version.date where version=2.5.0 and date=the year, month and day (yyyymmdd) that the data were last reprocessed and updated. Element definitions are as follows: tmax = monthly mean maximum temperature tmin = monthly mean minimum temperature tavg = average monthly temperature (tmax+tmin)/2 prcp = total monthly precipitation See section 2.2 for a definition of the dataset types For more information on gzip, please see the following web site: www.gzip.org and for potential software that can compress/decompress gzip files, please see: www.gzip.org/#faq4 LINUX (example): wget ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/ushcn/v2.5/ushcn.tmax.latest.FLs.52i.tar.gz tar -zxvf ushcn.tmax.latest.FLs.52i.tar.gz (alternatively, if "tar" does not support decompression, a user can try: wget ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/ushcn/v2.5/ushcn.tmax.latest.FLs.52i.tar.gz gzip -d ushcn.tmax.latest.FLs.52i.tar.gz tar -xvf ushcn.tmax.latest.FLs.52i.tar.gz) Note: the data are placed in their own separate directory, that is named according to the following specification: ushcn.v2.x.y.YYYYMMDD where x = integer to be incremented with major modifications to the processing system and/or database y = integer to be incremented with minor modifications to the processing system and/or database YYYY = year specific dataset was processed and produced MM = month specific dataset was processed and produced DD = day specific dataset was processed and produced Three files (per element) should be present in the directory along with the station list (ushcn-v2.5-stations.txt). 2. STATION LIST AND DATA FORMATS FORMAT OF "ushcn-v2.5-stations.txt" ---------------------------------------- Variable Columns Type ---------------------------------------- COUNTRY CODE 1-2 Character NETWORK CODE 3 Character ID PLACEHOLDERS ("00") 4-5 Character COOP ID 6-11 Character LATITUDE 13-20 Real LONGITUDE 22-30 Real ELEVATION 33-37 Real STATE 39-40 Character NAME 42-71 Character COMPONENT 1 (COOP ID) 73-78 Character COMPONENT 2 (COOP ID) 80-85 Character COMPONENT 3 (COOP ID) 87-92 Character UTC OFFSET 94-95 Integer ----------------------------------------- These variables have the following definitions: COOP ID is the six-digit U.S. Cooperative Observer Network station identification code. Note that the first two digits in the Coop Id correspond to the state. LATITUDE is latitude of the station (in decimal degrees). LONGITUDE is the longitude of the station (in decimal degrees). ELEVATION is the elevation of the station (in meters, missing = -999.9). STATE is the U.S. postal code for the state. NAME is the name of the station location. COMPONENT 1 is the Coop Id for the first station (in chronologic order) whose records were joined with those of the HCN site to form a longer time series. "------" indicates "not applicable". COMPONENT 2 is the Coop Id for the second station (if applicable) whose records were joined with those of the HCN site to form a longer time series. COMPONENT 3 is the Coop Id for the third station (if applicable) whose records were joined with those of the HCN site to form a longer time series. UTC OFFSET is the time difference between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and local standard time at the station (i.e., the number of hours that must be added to local standard time to match UTC). 2.2 DATA Monthly data in the USHCN v2.5 data use a "3 flag" format similar to that used within the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily (GHCN-Daily) and GHCN-Monthly (version 3) datasets. 2.2.1 DATA FORMAT Variable Columns Type -------- ------- ---- ID 1-11 Integer YEAR 13-16 Integer VALUE1 17-22 Integer DMFLAG1 23-23 Character QCFLAG1 24-24 Character DSFLAG1 25-25 Character . . . . . . . . . VALUE12 116-121 Integer DMFLAG12 122-122 Character QCFLAG12 123-123 Character DSFLAG12 124-124 Character Variable Definitions: ID: 11 character alfanumeric identifier: characters 1-2=Country Code ('US' for all USHCN stations) character 3=Network code ('H' for Historical Climatology Network) digits 4-11='00'+6-digit Cooperative Observer Identification Number YEAR: 4 digit year of the station record. VALUE: monthly value (MISSING=-9999). Temperature values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). Precipitation values are in tenths of millimeters, but are also expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 10.0 to get millimeters). DMFLAG: data measurement flag, nine possible values: blank = no measurement information applicable a-i = number of days missing in calculation of monthly mean temperature E = The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occuring close together in time. . QCFLAG: quality control flag, seven possibilities within quality controlled unadjusted (qcu) dataset, and 2 possibilities within the quality controlled adjusted (qca) dataset. Quality Controlled Unadjusted (QCU) QC Flags: BLANK = no failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. D = monthly value is part of an annual series of values that are exactly the same (e.g. duplicated) within another year in the station's record. I = checks for internal consistency between TMAX and TMIN. Flag is set when TMIN > TMAX for a given month. L = monthly value is isolated in time within the station record, and this is defined by having no immediate non- missing values 18 months on either side of the value. M = Manually flagged as erroneous. O = monthly value that is >= 5 bi-weight standard deviations from the bi-weight mean. Bi-weight statistics are calculated from a series of all non-missing values in the station's record for that particular month. S = monthly value has failed spatial consistency check. Any value found to be between 2.5 and 5.0 bi-weight standard deviations from the bi-weight mean, is more closely scrutinized by exmaining the 5 closest neighbors (not to exceed 500.0 km) and determine their associated distribution of respective z-scores. At least one of the neighbor stations must have a z score with the same sign as the target and its z-score must be greater than or equal to the z-score listed in column B (below), where column B is expressed as a function of the target z-score ranges (column A). ---------------------------- A | B ---------------------------- 4.0 - 5.0 | 1.9 ---------------------------- 3.0 - 4.0 | 1.8 ---------------------------- 2.75 - 3.0 | 1.7 ---------------------------- 2.50 - 2.75 | 1.6 W = monthly value is duplicated from the previous month, based upon regional and spatial criteria and is only applied from the year 2000 to the present. Quality Controlled Adjusted (QCA) QC Flags: A = alternative method of adjustment used. M = values with a non-blank quality control flag in the "qcu" dataset are set to missing the adjusted dataset and given an "M" quality control flag. DSFLAG: data source flag for monthly value: Blank = Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Not Blank = Daily data are not available so the monthly value was obtained from the USHCN version 1 dataset. The possible Version 1 DSFLAGS are as follows: 1 = NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File 2 = Means Book - Smithsonian Institute, C.A. Schott (1876, 1881 thru 1931) 3 = Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center 4 = Climatological Data (CD), monthly NCDC publication 5 = Climate Record Book, as described in History of Climatological Record Books, U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, USGPO (1960) 6 = Bulletin W - Summary of the Climatological Data for the United States (by section), F.H. Bigelow, U.S. Weather Bureau (1912); and, Bulletin W - Summary of the Climatological Data for the United States, 2nd Ed. 7 = Local Climatological Data (LCD), monthly NCDC publication 8 = State Climatologists, various sources B = Professor Raymond Bradley - Refer to Climatic Fluctuations of the Western United States During the Period of Instrumental Records, Bradley, et. al., Contribution No. 42, Dept. of Geography and Geology, University of Massachusetts (1982) D = Dr. Henry Diaz, a compilation of data from Bulletin W, LCD, and NCDC Tape Deck 3220 (1983) G = Professor John Griffiths - primarily from Climatological Data 3. HOW TO CITE Users are requested to cite the version number (version 2.0 for version 2 or version 2.5.x.YYYYMMDD for version 2.5.0 and above) as well as Menne, M.J., C.N. Williams, and R.S. Vose, 2009: The United States Historical Climatology Network monthly temperature data?Version 2. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 90, 993-1007. 4. CONTACT 4.1 QUESTIONS AND FEEDBACK NCDC.USHCN@noaa.gov 4.2 OBTAINING ARCHIVED VERSIONS At this time, the National Climatic Data Center does not maintain an online ftp archive of daily processed USHCN versions. The latest version always overwrites the previous version and thus represents the latest data, quality control, etc. USH00029271.FLs.52j.tmax20240821 20240821 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information physical

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Asheville NC 28801 (828) 271-4800 ncei.info@noaa.gov USH00029271.FLs.52j.tmax.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined StationID USHCN station identifier Producer Defined USHCN station identifier NCEI StationId_Suffix Unused number that separates the station ID from the year Producer Defined Unused number that separates the station ID from the year representing the monthly data presented in row. YearV Four digit year that the monthly data in the same row were computed for Producer Defined 1893 2024 yyyy M01_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of January Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 418 1791 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M01_DMFlag Data measurement flag for January monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M01_QCFlag Data quality control flag for January monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M01_DSFlag Data source flag for January monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M02_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of February Producer Defined 784 1918 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M02_DMFlag Data measurement flag for February monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M02_QCFlag Data quality control flag for February monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M02_DSFlag Data source flag for February monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M03_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of March Producer Defined 1037 2229 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M03_DMFlag Data measurement flag for March monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M03_QCFlag Data quality control flag for March monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M03_DSFlag Data source flag for March monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M04_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of April Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 1494 2662 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M04_DMFlag Data measurement flag for April monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M04_QCFlag Data quality control flag for April monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M04_DSFlag Data source flag for April monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M05_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of May Producer Defined 2124 3021 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M05_DMFlag Data measurement flag for May monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M05_QCFlag Data quality control flag for May monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M05_DSFlag Data source flag for May monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M06_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of June Producer Defined 2837 3537 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M06_DMFlag Data measurement flag for June monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M06_QCFlag Data quality control flag for June monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M06_DSFlag Data source flag for June monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M07_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of July Producer Defined 2854 3691 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M07_DMFlag Data measurement flag for July monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M07_QCFlag Data quality control flag for July monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined Q Unknown Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M07_DSFlag Data source flag for July monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M08_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of August Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 2636 3579 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M08_DMFlag Data measurement flag for January monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M08_QCFlag Data quality control flag for August monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M08_DSFlag Data source flag for August monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M09_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of September Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 2595 3289 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M09_DMFlag Data measurement flag for September monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M09_QCFlag Data quality control flag for September monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined Q Unknown Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M09_DSFlag Data source flag for September monthly value Producer Defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M10_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of October Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 1912 2871 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M10_DMFlag Data measurement flag for October monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M10_QCFlag Data quality control flag for October monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined Q Unknown Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M10_DSFlag Data source flag for October monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M11_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of November Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 1231 2358 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M11_DMFlag Data measurement flag for November monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined e 5 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined f 6 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M11_QCFlag Data quality control flag for November monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M11_DSFlag Data source flag for November monthly value Producer Defined NA Value was computed from daily data available in GHCN-Daily Producer defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined M12_ValueRaw Average monthly maximum near surface air temperature measured or computed for the month of December Producer Defined -9999 No Data Producer defined 764 1792 Values are in hundredths of a degree Celsius, but are expressed as whole integers (e.g. divide by 100.0 to get whole degrees Celsius). M12_DMFlag Data measurement flag for December monthly value Producer Defined E The value is estimated using values from surrounding stations because a monthly value could not be computed from daily data; or, the pairwise homogenization algorithm removed the value because of too many apparent inhomogeneities occurring close together in time. Producer defined (blank) No measurement information applicable Producer defined a 1 day missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined h 8 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined c 3 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined b 2 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined I 12 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined i 9 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined g 7 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined d 4 days missing in calculation of average monthly maximum near surface air temperature Producer defined M12_QCFlag Data quality control flag for December monthly value Producer Defined (blank) No failure of quality control check or could not be evaluated. Producer defined X Pairwise algorithm removed the value because of too many inhomogeneities. Producer defined M12_DSFlag Data source flag for December monthly value Producer Defined 3 Manuscript - Original Records, National Climatic Data Center Producer defined 1 NCDC Tape Deck 3220, Summary of the Month Element Digital File Producer defined GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P144FN7Q None 20260414 Jay R Cederberg USGS - SOUTHWEST REGION Supervisory Hydrologist mailing and physical

Flagstaff Science Campus, Building 3

Flagstaff AZ 86001 (928) 890-9988 cederber@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998