Britt W. Smith Villarreal, Miguel L. Soulard, Christopher E. von Nonn, Joshua 20260107 1.0 raster digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P17C3NRH This data release includes raster images of pre- and post-wildfire surface soil moisture modeled from Landsat Thermal-infrared and Sentinel-1A synthetic aperture radar for three fires that took place in the state of California (USA) between 2016 and 2017 and associated unburned, control locations for each wildfire. The model was trained and validated using In situ soil moisture data obtained from the Plate Boundary Observatory H2O network (PBO-H2O). The dataset includes 30-m resolution raster time series of modeled volumetric soil moisture (cm³/cm³), with map dates selected based on co-occurring Landsat and Sentinel-1A image collection dates. Specifically, Sentinel-1A images were joined with Landsat 7 and 8 using a 5-day window (2 days before, 2 days after, and day of) around each available Sentinel-1A image. Soil moisture estimate are intended to represent surface soil moisture at 0-5 cm depth. The unit cm³/cm³ is a standard way of expressing volumetric water content, which is a unitless ratio of the volume of water per volume of soil. The file naming convention of each raster image file (GeoTIFF file extension) includes the name of the wildfire study area, whether the image is of wildfire or control locations, and that it is estimated surface soil moisture (SSM). Each band within the images is prefixed with the name of the wildfire study area and the date (yyyymmdd) of the Sentinel-1A imagery used. This data release documents the results of research that models surface soil moisture dynamics in high-severity burn locations within three Central Coast of California wildfires using a machine learning approach trained on Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar, Landsat thermal imagery, and an established in-situ soil moisture network. The primary goals are to 1) demonstrate the feasibility of this modeling approach for post-fire conditions and 2) quantify the spatial and temporal differences in soil moisture between high-severity burned and unburned areas, thereby providing critical information for post-wildfire management and landslide risk assessment. 20160101 20171231 observed Complete As needed -122.0801 -119.7400 34.5880 36.5979 ISO 19115 Topic Category environment USGS Thesaurus remote sensing wildfire soil moisture time series datasets hazard preparedness Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords hazard mitigation USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6925f5c0d4be02656a6d375e Common geographic areas United States California Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) United States California None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Britt W Smith USGS - SOUTHWEST REGION Geographer mailing and physical

520 N Park Ave.

Tucson AZ 85719 520-670-5511 bwsmith@usgs.gov In situ measured surface soil moisture was compared to random forest regression generated predicted surface soil moisture at PBO-H2O sites in central California. Analysis of the random forest regression resulted in an explained variance of 0.624 (r2) between measured and predicted soil moisture at PBO-H2O station locations. Random forest regression diagnostic metrics resulted in a mean square error of 0.004, indicating a relatively low difference between measured and predicted soil moisture values. The training dataset root mean square error = 0.063 and the testing dataset root mean square error = 0.066, which suggests the model is performing slightly worse on the novel testing dataset and indicating a slight overfit. The unbiased root mean square error = 0.065 suggests a good model fit after potential biases have been accounted for. Lastly, the mean absolute percentage error = 36.4%, which is the percent deviation between measured and predicted surface soil moisture, is within an acceptable range of error. No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted U.S. Geological Survey's Earth Resources Observation and Science Center 20251231 remote-sensing image http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov Digital and/or Hardcopy 20160101 20171231 observed Landsat Imagery used as input data into random forest classifier European Space Agency 20141003 remote-sensing image https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 20160101 20171231 observed Sentinel-1 Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Kristine M. Larson Eric E. Small Ethan D. Gutmann Andria L Bilich John J. Braun Valery U. Zavorotny 20080101 tabular digital data https://cires1.colorado.edu/portal/index.php?product=soil_moisture https://ismn.earth/en/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 20160101 20171231 ground condition PBO-H2O Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity 20160101 vector digital data https://www.mtbs.gov/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 20160101 20171231 observed Wildfire perimeters Source information used to delineate areas of interest from wildfire perimeters Sentinel-1A imagery was acquired between 1/1/2015 and 12/31/2017 across the study location. The Sentinel-1 mission provides data from dual-polarization C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instruments . Data from Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) instruments were also implemented as predictor variables. We compared Landsat 7 and 8 thermal pixel values at overlapping dates for differences and did not observe a noticeable difference in temperature values. Sentinel-1A images were joined with Landsat 7 and 8 using a 5-day window (2 days before, 2 days after, and day of) around each available Sentinel-1A image. Landsat 7 and 8 images obtained within the window period were combined into a mean composite Landsat image. Landsat Sentinel-1 Wildfire perimeters 2024 Britt W Smith USGS - SOUTHWEST REGION Geographer mailing and physical

520 N Park Ave.

Tucson AZ 85719 520-670-5511 bwsmith@usgs.gov Aggregated PBO-H2O point location values of soil moisture, Sentinel-1A backscatter returns, and cloud-masked Landsat thermal imagery were combined for 5-day windows sharing all three sources of data and centered on Sentinel-1A imagery. These combined data formed the training and testing dataset that were used to train our random forest model. The dataset consisted of 637 total records across the 16 PBO-H2O sites and were randomly split 75% into training data and 25% into testing data. PBO-H2O 2024 We utilized a random forest (RF) regression algorithm with 100 trees, 2 variables per split, and 0.5 bag fraction. Random forest regression calculations were conducted in R version 4.2.2 using the randomForest package version 4.7-1.1 (R Core Team, 2024; Liaw and Wiener, 2002). To apply the random forest regression across the study area, we used the smileRandomForest function in Google Earth Engine to develop the surface soil moisture model. The inputs into the soil moisture model were the same Sentinel-1A and Landsat thermal imagery described above. The model was then used to interpolate modeled surface soil moisture (MSSM) across the study region at a 30 m resolution. 2024 To evaluate the agreement between measured and predicted values from our random forest regression model, we calculated and assessed several metrics such as mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE) for training and testing datasets, mean absolute percent error (MAPE), and adjusted r2. 2024 Raster Pixel 506 577 30 30 Decimal degrees World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) WGS_1984 6378137 298.257223563 Soberanes_wildfire_estimated_SSM.tif 20 band raster geospatial data file. Column label is the name of the wildfire and the date of image acquisition (YYYYMMDD). Producer Defined Soberanes_20160212 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.13334999978542 0.3852833211422 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160331 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16359999775887 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160518 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06912499666214 0.36876666545868 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160705 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.067625001072884 0.36296665668488 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160822 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063366666436195 0.35670000314713 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160915 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061850000172853 0.35954999923706 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20161009 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06303333491087 0.36598333716393 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20161102 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.078433334827423 0.3852833211422 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20161220 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.1296000033617 0.38373333215714 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170113 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.37811666727066 0.37811666727066 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170302 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.091466665267944 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170419 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined 0.16599999368191 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170513 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined 0.12351667135954 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170630 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065083332359791 0.35409998893738 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170724 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062608331441879 0.3516166806221 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170817 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.064991667866707 0.33500000834465 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170910 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062958337366581 0.30700001120567 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20171004 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065533332526684 0.37505000829697 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20171121 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.067608334124088 0.3779000043869 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20171215 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16708333790302 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_control_estimated_SSM.tif 20 band raster geospatial data file. Column label is the name of the wildfire and the date of image acquisition (YYYYMMDD). Producer Defined Soberanes_20160212 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.142733335495 0.38388332724571 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160331 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.068441666662693 0.38289999961853 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160518 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06235833466053 0.35513332486153 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160705 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061966668814421 0.31613332033157 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160822 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061149999499321 0.31470000743866 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20160915 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061708334833384 0.32101666927338 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20161009 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061750002205372 0.37351667881012 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20161102 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.091333337128162 0.38014999032021 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20161220 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined 0.16388332843781 0.3852833211422 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170113 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.20706667006016 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170302 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16061666607857 0.3852833211422 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170419 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.14101666212082 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170513 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063691668212414 0.38518333435059 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170630 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.0612250007689 0.36293333768845 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20170724 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.060608334839344 0.30544999241829 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_2017817 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061850000172853 0.30480000376701 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_2017910 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061850000172853 0.28753334283829 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20171004 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061708334833384 0.36461666226387 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20171121 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063641667366028 0.35695001482964 (cm³/cm³) Soberanes_20171215 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16468332707882 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_wildfire_estimated_SSM.tif 18 band raster geospatial data file. Column label is the name of the wildfire and the date of image acquisition (YYYYMMDD). Producer Defined Chimney_20160212 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.1654500067234 0.38499999046326 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160331 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.12616667151451 0.3832833468914 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160424 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065508335828781 0.3852833211422 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160705 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063558332622051 0.32126665115356 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160729 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.066483333706856 0.29063332080841 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160822 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062066666781902 0.2986666560173 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160915 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062333334237337 0.29886665940285 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20161102 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.074341669678688 0.38333332538605 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170113 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.21423333883286 0.38318333029747 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170326 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.12802332639694 0.38333332538605 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170419 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.14065000414848 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_2017630 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062391668558121 0.29374998807907 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170724 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063908331096172 0.29418334364891 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170817 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06391666829586 0.30148333311081 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170910 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061858333647251 0.38014999032021 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20171004 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062825001776218 0.36103335022926 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20171121 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.066875003278255 0.38499999046326 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20171215 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.1654500067234 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_control_estimated_SSM.tif 18 band raster geospatial data file. Column label is the name of the wildfire and the date of image acquisition (YYYYMMDD). Producer Defined Chimney_20160212 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.13504999876022 0.37804999947548 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160331 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.071908332407475 0.28072895468025 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160424 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.088100001215935 0.3832833468914 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160705 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065700002014637 0.37264999747276 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160729 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.0645916685462 0.36668333411217 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160822 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06685833632946 0.35960000753403 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20160915 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06363333016634 0.3730166554451 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20161102 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.1275333315134 0.38363334536552 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170113 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.20809999108315 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170326 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16185000538826 0.38373333215714 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170419 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.1423666626215 0.36876666545868 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170630 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063833333551884 0.37349998950958 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170724 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.064441666007042 0.36103335022926 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170817 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065341666340828 0.36053332686424 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20170910 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063533335924149 0.29431667923927 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20171004 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063933335244656 0.35951668024063 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20171121 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.067625001072884 0.3599166572094 (cm³/cm³) Chimney_20171215 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16468332707882 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_wildfire_estimated_SSM.tif 19 band raster geospatial data file. Column label is the name of the wildfire and the date of image acquisition (YYYYMMDD). Producer Defined Alamo_20160302 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061850000172853 0.3368666768074 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160326 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061850000172853 0.36053332686424 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160419 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.089266665279865 0.38170000910759 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160513 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.16773334145546 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160630 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.14193333685398 0.38388332724571 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160724 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.20361666381359 0.38538333773613 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160817 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061858333647251 0.31613332033157 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160910 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062633335590363 0.20035000145435 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20161004 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.060274999588728 0.29611667990685 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_201121 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062024999409914 0.27821666002274 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20161215 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.061750002205372 0.36395001411438 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170201 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.060224998742342 0.36751666665077 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170225 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.068125002086163 0.36015000939369 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170625 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.11993333697319 0.38373333215714 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170719 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06317500025034 0.3022166788578 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170812 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062150001525879 0.35155001282692 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170929 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062175001949072 0.26106667518616 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20171023 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06065833196044 0.19948333501816 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20171116 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.060741666704416 0.30508333444595 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_control_estimated_SSM.tif 19 band raster geospatial data file. Column label is the name of the wildfire and the date of image acquisition (YYYYMMDD). Producer Defined Alamo_20160302 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062049999833107 0.31216666102409 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160326 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063533335924149 0.36395001411438 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160419 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.19605833292007 0.36449998617172 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160513 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.20700000226498 0.38363334536552 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160630 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.12110000103712 0.38373333215714 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160724 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.20324999094009 0.38499999046326 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160817 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06317500025034 0.30480000376701 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20160910 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.06317500025034 0.24673333764076 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20161004 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065025001764297 0.29769998788834 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20161121 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063691668212414 0.29135665297508 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20161215 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.065341666340828 0.34220001101494 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170201 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.066524997353554 0.36395001411438 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170225 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan Not a number Producer defined 0.073916666209698 0.36283332109451 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170625 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.11951667070389 0.38499999046326 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170719 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.066875003278255 0.31276667118073 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170812 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063266664743423 0.35659998655319 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20170929 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.063749998807907 0.34008333086967 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20171023 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.066399998962879 0.22428333759308 (cm³/cm³) Alamo_20171116 Modeled surface soil moisture Producer Defined nan not a number Producer defined 0.062024999409914 0.2952566742897 (cm³/cm³) The dataset includes a 30-m resolution raster time series of modeled volumetric soil moisture (cm³/cm³), with map dates selected based on co-occurring Landsat and Sentinel-1 image collection dates. Specifically, Sentinel-1A images were joined with Landsat 7 and 8 using a 5-day window (2 days before, 2 days after, and day of) around each available Sentinel-1A image. Smith, B.W., Villarreal, M.L., Soulard, C.E., von Nonn, J., 2025, Modeled surface soil moisture of three California wildfire areas from 2016 - 2017, USGS Data Release, doi:10.5066/P17C3NRH GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 520-670-5511 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P17C3NRH None 20260107 Britt W Smith USGS - SOUTHWEST REGION Geographer mailing and physical

520 N Park Ave.

Tucson AZ 85719 520-670-5511 bwsmith@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998