Richard D. Inman, United States Geological Survey Bradley J. Udell, United States Geological Survey Amy K. Wray, United States Geological Survey Bethany R. Straw, United States Geological Survey Andrea N. Schuhmann, United States Geological Survey Helen T. Davis, United States Geological Survey Sarah C. Sawyer, United States Forest Service Brian E. Reichert, United States Geological Survey 20260219 raster digital data, spreadsheet, and R code https://doi.org/10.5066/P1XRZXRV This data release contains the spatial raster outputs, R code, and lookup table from a synthesis of U.S. Forest Service Activity Tracking System (FACTS) vegetation management activities hypothesized to influence bat habitat. The included raster data cover the continental United States and represent the number of years that have passed since a given management action was implemented, assessed with a pixel resolution of 250 m. Each raster represents a unique time slice and vegetation management type. The FACTS database includes information on planned and completed management activities related to fire, fuels, silviculture, and invasive species, among others. We consulted with U.S. Forest Service silviculturists to identify 78 different management actions that we hypothesized could influence summer bat occupancy. We grouped these management actions into four vegetation management types: clear-cutting, fire, thinning, and ground vegetation management. We assumed that each of the different management actions in a type likely resulted in similar landscape modifications. For example, the “ground vegetation management” type was composed of 18 different management actions, including “Compacting/Crushing of Fuels” and “Site Preparation for Planting - Mechanical” (FACTS_CODES.csv), which we assumed resulted in similar outcomes for bats across the landscape. These raster data are intended for use in time series analyses of bat occupancy and habitat where the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation management actions are needed. We used information reported by the U.S. Forest Service’s Forest Activity Tracking System (FACTS) to map where and when vegetation management actions have been implemented on U.S. Forest Service lands. 20000101 20201231 ground condition Complete None planned conterminous United States -127.8873 -65.3461 51.6031 22.8613 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota environment None U.S. Forest Services Activity Tracking System (FACTS) vegetation management action USGS Thesaurus geospatial analysis natural resource management geospatial datasets agriculture USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6920e1c6d4be025bc609c652 None Montana Wyoming Colorado New Mexico Texas North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas Oklahoma Minnesota Iowa Missouri Arkansas Louisiana Wisconsin Illinois Mississippi Michigan Indiana Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Ohio West Virginia Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida Main Vermont New Hampshire Connecticut New York Massachusetts Rhode Island New Jersey Delaware None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Brian E Reichert U.S. Geological Survey, ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION ECOTECH Branch Chief & NABat Coordinator mailing address

2150 Centre Avenue Bldg C

Fort Collins CO 80526 US 970-226-9245 970-226-9230 breichert@usgs.gov United States Forest Service United States Geological Survey North American Bat Monitoring Program Geospatial data were produced on a Windows 10 Enterprise Version 1909 operating system, R version 4.0.2 (2020-06-22) and GRASS GIS 8.2.1 (2023-01-23). Software and versions used included: Program R, version 4.0.2. GRASS GIS 8.2.1 There are a 3 files included with this data release: rasters.zip 14,841 KB; create_rasters.R, 8 KB; FACTS_CODES.csv, 5 KB Brian Barns 2023 publication https://data.fs.usda.gov/nrm/briefingpapers/FACTS.pdf Attributes (grid cell values) for each layer were plotted and visually compared to source data to ensure the quality and accuracy of data sets. Data were checked to ensure all data fell within expected ranges, and that there are no duplication and omission of data. The geospatial data has been loaded in multiple GIS programs including GRASS GIS, ArcMap and with the 'sf' package in R to ensure integrity. Each raster layer represents the number of years that have passed since the indicated management type was implemented. Each dataset covers the conterminous United States. USFS Chief Information Office, Enterprise Data Warehouse 20240831 vector digital data Salt Lake City, UT 84138 U.S. Forest Service https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/datasets.php https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region01.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region02.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region03.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region04.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region05.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region06.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region08.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region09.zip https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/fc/Actv_CommonAttribute_PL_Region10.zip Digital and/or Hardcopy 1990 2020 publication date FACTS These data were used to synthesize forest management actions into vegetation management types hypothesized to influence bat habitat. We used information reported by the U.S. Forest Service’s Forest Activity Tracking System (FACTS) to map where and when vegetation management actions have been implemented on U.S. Forest Service lands (USDA 2024). The FACTS database includes information on planned and completed management activities related to fire, fuels, silviculture, and invasive species, among others. We consulted with U.S. Forest Service silviculturists to identify 78 different management actions that we hypothesized could influence summer bat occupancy. We grouped these management actions into four vegetation management types: clear-cutting, fire, thinning, and ground vegetation management which are available in FACTS_CODES.csv. This spreadsheet contains the FACTS management actions that were grouped into the four vegetation management types. We assumed that each of the different management actions in a type likely resulted in similar landscape modifications. For example, the “ground vegetation management” type was composed of 18 different management actions, including “Compacting/Crushing of Fuels” and “Site Preparation for Planting - Mechanical”, which we assumed resulted in similar outcomes for bats across the landscape. For each vegetation management type, we created a raster layer representing the number of years that had passed since any one of the included management actions had been implemented in each 250-m pixel, for the given time-slice. Therefore, each layer represents a different time slice of 0-20 years. For example, the layer, fr_2018.tif was created by calculating the number of years that have passed since a fire occurred in any given pixel, as of the year 2018. If more than 20 years had passed, the value was set at 20. We considered all available dates associated with each of the management actions, such as the “planned fiscal year”, “year awarded” and “year completed” fields in the FACTS database but used “year completed” when available. We limited the maximum number of years post implementation to 20 because the earliest records of management actions for our study area were implemented in 2000. A value of 20 was also used for pixels where there was no management at all, indicating that any management (if there was management) had to have occurred at least 20 years prior. Each pixel was overlapped with the polygons for each of the management actions contained in the U.S. Forest Service’s Forest Activity Tracking System (FACTS) for a given vegetation management type, and the maximum year was assessed. The number of years that have passed from this maximum year to the year represented by the layer (e.g., 2018 for the fr_2018.tif) was calculated and assigned to each pixel. The spatial resolutions at which most of the polygons in the U.S. Forest Service’s Forest Activity Tracking System (FACTS) database are compiled varies across the datasets, but most are mapped at spatial resolutions finer than the 250-m pixel resolution used here. References: United States Department of Agriculture USFS Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW). 2024. "Forest Activity FACTS Common Attributes." FACTS 20231001 Raster Grid Cell 11618 18457 1 Albers Conical Equal Area 29.5 45.5 -96.0 23.0 0.0 0.0 row and column 250.0034631742163 249.99799464363574 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.257222101004 cc_2002.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2002. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2004.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2004. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2006.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2006. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2008.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2008. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2010.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2010. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2012.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2012. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2014.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2014. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2016.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2016. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2018.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2018. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 cc_2020.tif Years since vegetation management type (clear cut) implementation for the year 2020. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2002.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2002. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2004.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2004. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2006.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2006. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2008.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2008. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2010.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2010. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2012.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2012. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2014.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2014. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2016.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2016. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2018.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2018. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 fr_2020.tif Years since vegetation management type (fire) implementation for the year 2020. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2002.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2002. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2004.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2004. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2006.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2006. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2008.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2008. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2010.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2010. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2012.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2012. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2014.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2014. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2016.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2016. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2018.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2018. Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 gm_2020.tif Years since vegetation management type (ground management) implementation for the year 2020. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2002.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2002. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2004.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2004. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2006.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2006. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2008.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2008. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2010.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2010. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2012.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2012. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2014.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2014. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2016.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2016. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2018.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2018. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 thn_2020.tif Years since vegetation management type (thinning) implementation for the year 2020. Producer Defined Value Years since vegetation management type implementation. Producer Defined -128 cells outside study area Producer defined 0.0 20.0 FACTS_CODES.csv Selected management activities from the U.S. Forest Service’s Forest Activity Tracking System (FACTS) hypothesized to influence occupancy for four bat species of conservation concern in the eastern United States. Each selected management activity was grouped into one of four vegetation management types: clear-cutting, fire, thinning or ground vegetation management. Producer Defined ACTIVITY Name description of the activity code. Producer Defined FACTS activity name. ACTIVITY_CODE The activity code is a 4-digit code that represents an activity. FACTS activity codes are numerically grouped into these categories: 1000 = Fire; 2000 = Range; 3000 = Cultural Resources and Recreation; 4000 = Timber and Silviculture; 5000 = Soil, Air and Watershed; 6000 = Wildlife; Threatened, Endangered, and Sensitive, and Fisheries; 7000 = Vegetation/Restoration; 8000 = Miscellaneous; 9000 = Engineering. Producer Defined 1102 7067 VEG_MANGT_NAME Grouped management actions as one of four vegetation management types: clear-cutting, fire, thinning, and ground vegetation management Producer Defined Clear Cut clear-cutting Producer defined Fire Fire: wild and prescribed fire Producer defined Ground vegetation management ground vegetation management was composed of 18 different management actions: Slashing - Pre-Site Preparation Compacting/Crushing of Fuels Piling of Fuels, Hand or Machine Chipping of Fuels Site Preparation for Planting - Mechanical Site Preparation for Planting - Manual Site Preparation for Seeding - Mechanical Site Preparation for Seeding - Manual Site Preparation for Natural Regeneration - Mechanical Site Preparation for Natural Regeneration - Manual Tree Release and Weed Control of Understory Vegetation Wildlife Habitat Release and weeding Wildlife Habitat Chemical treatment Wildlife Habitat Mechanical treatment Wildlife Habitat Slash treatment Re-vegetation treatments - vegetation removal Re-vegetation treatments - herbicides Producer defined Thinning Tree thinning Producer defined SHORT_NAME short label name for grouping raster layers Producer Defined cc clear cut Producer defined fr fire Producer defined gm ground vegetation management Producer defined thn thinning Producer defined This dataset contains the spatial raster outputs, R code, and lookup table from a synthesis of U.S. Forest Service Activity Tracking System (FACTS) vegetation management activities hypothesized to influence bat habitat. 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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P1XRZXRV None 20260219 FORT Data Management U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center Fort Data Management mailing

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Fort Collins Colorado 80526 United States 970-226-9100 fortdatamanagement@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999