<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<metadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Sonia M. Ellison</origin>
        <origin>Eric M. Thompson</origin>
        <origin>Kate E. Allstadt</origin>
        <origin>Inge Delius</origin>
        <pubdate>20260120</pubdate>
        <title>Geotechnical database for Anchorage, Alaska and surrounding areas</title>
        <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>https://www.sciencebase.gov</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/P1GKCOOZ</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>In 2001, the Alaska Division of Geological &amp; Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) published a database compiling geotechnical borehole and well-log records in Anchorage, Alaska. This data release builds on that database, adding some additional cone penetration test (CPT) and well log records in broader areas across the state, and organizing data in a SQLite relational database using SqLite Studio. Records cover a time range from 1948 to 2020 and include data about the drilling company, type of borehole, location, elevation, hole depth, CPT and standard penetration test (SPT) data, lithology, material properties, soil classification, and water level. Not all records contain all of these data types. Records covering the Anchorage area are more systematic and comprehensive than records in the rest of the state.</abstract>
      <purpose>These data were compiled to make publicly available a digital relational database of borehole and well log records in Alaska, particularly in the Anchorage area, which contains the largest population center in Alaska.</purpose>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>1948</begdate>
          <enddate>2020</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>observed</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>As needed</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <descgeog>Alaska</descgeog>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-171.9141</westbc>
        <eastbc>-130.6055</eastbc>
        <northbc>69.9001</northbc>
        <southbc>51.0690</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>geoscientificInformation</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>geotechnical</themekey>
        <themekey>borehole</themekey>
        <themekey>well log</themekey>
        <themekey>cone penetration test</themekey>
        <themekey>standard penetration test</themekey>
        <themekey>alaska</themekey>
        <themekey>anchorage</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:68c85ec4d4be0250320169a7</themekey>
      </theme>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details.</accconst>
    <useconst>These data are marked with a Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal (CC0-1.0) public domain dedication and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Sonia M Ellison</cntper>
          <cntorg>USGS - ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Geologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>physical</addrtype>
          <address>Colorado School of Mines, 1711 Illinois St</address>
          <city>Golden</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80401</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>3032738437</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sellison@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>Data have been checked for duplication, inconsistencies, and minor errors.</logic>
    <complete>This database is incomplete, especially outside of the Anchorage area. The focus of this database was to publish the releasable data from an original relational database (Combellick and others, 2001), which did not contain all existing data in the first place. They targeted boreholes over 50 feet deep, and well logs over 100 feet deep. We added some additional data compiled from other existing publications, but systematically searching and digitizing additional public geotechnical records was beyond the scope of this effort.</complete>
    <lineage>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>R. A. Combellick</origin>
            <origin>J. L. Mayer</origin>
            <origin>K. D. Sink-Blair</origin>
            <origin>S. M. Weems</origin>
            <pubdate>2001</pubdate>
            <title>Geotechnical borehole and well-log database for Anchorage, Alaska</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>n/a</pubplace>
              <publish>Alaska Division of Geological &amp; Geophysical Surveys</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://doi.org/10.14509/2664</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>1948</begdate>
              <enddate>1998</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Combellick and others, 2001</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Alaska Department of Natural Resources</origin>
            <pubdate>2013</pubdate>
            <title>Alaska DNR DMLW well log tracking system (WELTS)</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>n/a</pubplace>
              <publish>Alaska Department of Natural Resources - Information Resource Management</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://dnr.alaska.gov/welts</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>19790501</begdate>
              <enddate>20200626</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>WELTS, 2020</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Henry W. Coulter</origin>
            <origin>Ralph R. Migliaccio</origin>
            <pubdate>1966</pubdate>
            <title>Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, at Valdez, Alaska</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <serinfo>
              <sername>Professional Paper</sername>
              <issue>542-C</issue>
            </serinfo>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>n/a</pubplace>
              <publish>US Geological Survey</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://doi.org/10.3133/pp542c</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>1964</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Coulter and Migliaccio, 1966</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Shannon &amp; Wilson, Inc.</origin>
            <pubdate>1964</pubdate>
            <title>Report on Anchorage area soil studies, Alaska</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <othercit>Report for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District</othercit>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>1964</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>S&amp;W, 1964a</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Shannon &amp; Wilson, Inc.</origin>
            <pubdate>1964</pubdate>
            <title>Report on subsurface investigation for Mineral Creek townsite, City of Valdez, Alaska</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <othercit>Report for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District</othercit>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>1964</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>S&amp;W, 1964b</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Shannon &amp; Wilson, Inc.</origin>
            <pubdate>1995</pubdate>
            <title>Final geotechnical report northwest Turnagain Landslide stability evaluation, Anchorage, Alaska</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <othercit>Report for the Municipality of Anchorage</othercit>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>1993</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>S&amp;W, 1995</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>R. G. Updike</origin>
            <origin>C. A. Ulery</origin>
            <pubdate>1986</pubdate>
            <title>A geotechnical cross section for downtown Anchorage using the electric-cone-penetration test</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <serinfo>
              <sername>Alaska Division of Geological &amp; Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigations</sername>
              <issue>86-3</issue>
            </serinfo>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>n/a</pubplace>
              <publish>Alaska Division of Geological &amp; Geophysical Surveys</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://doi.org/10.14509/2402</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>Digital and/or Hardcopy</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>1982</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>observed</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Updike and Ulery, 1986</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Source for database data</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>In this database, we include data approved by original agreements with DGGS for public release. We recovered the digitized data tables from the initial Combellick and others (2001) database, which was in a proprietary and partially corrupted format. We reconstructed the relational database in SQLite database format. We largely preserved the structure of the original relational database, as described by Combellick and others (2001), though we converted some fields to the International System of Units (SI units) as defined in the data dictionary, and we removed some tables that were incomplete or empty. We then added additional data, primarily from the Alaska Well Log Tracking System (WELTS) database, as well as a few other publications. Systematically searching and digitizing additional public geotechnical records was beyond the scope of this effort.</procdesc>
        <procdate>2021</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <planar>
        <gridsys>
          <gridsysn>Universal Transverse Mercator</gridsysn>
          <utm>
            <utmzone>6</utmzone>
            <transmer>
              <sfctrmer>0.9996</sfctrmer>
              <longcm>-147.0</longcm>
              <latprjo>0.0</latprjo>
              <feast>500000.0</feast>
              <fnorth>0.0</fnorth>
            </transmer>
          </utm>
        </gridsys>
        <planci>
          <plance>coordinate pair</plance>
          <coordrep>
            <absres>0.6096</absres>
            <ordres>0.6096</ordres>
          </coordrep>
          <plandu>meters</plandu>
        </planci>
      </planar>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>North_American_Datum_1927</horizdn>
        <ellips>Clarke 1866</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378206.4</semiaxis>
        <denflat>294.978698213898</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <overview>
      <eaover>See Data Dictionary .csv file for database table information, which lists each column for each table and a brief description of the column content.</eaover>
      <eadetcit>Ellison, S.M., Thompson, E.M., Allstadt, K.E., Delius, I., 2026, Geotechnical database for Anchorage, Alaska and surrounding areas: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1GKCOOZ.</eadetcit>
    </overview>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntorgp>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase</cntorg>
        </cntorgp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center</address>
          <address>Building 810</address>
          <address>Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>Digital Data</formname>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/P1GKCOOZ</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20260120</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Sonia M Ellison</cntper>
          <cntorg>USGS - ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Geologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>physical</addrtype>
          <address>Colorado School of Mines, 1711 Illinois St</address>
          <city>Golden</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80401</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>3032738437</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sellison@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001.1-1999</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
