Mayers, C.J., http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5022-9311 Davis, K.W., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-0110 Eldridge, W.G., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3562-728X Medina, R.L., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-7224 20260514 vector digital data, tabular digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YZUT70 Davis, K.W. Eldridge, W.G. Allander, K.K. Prudic, D.E. Gardner, M.A. Pavelko, M.T. Nadler, C.A. 202605 Publication Professional Paper 1906 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1906 This U.S. Geological Survey data release contains a polygon model grid and a table of 100-year groundwater capture results for the middle Humboldt River basin, Nevada. The grid defines active model cells, including cell identifiers and elevations for the six model layers. The table summarizes potential groundwater capture from three sources: stream depletion, salvaged evapotranspiration (ETg), and storage change. Capture simulations were attempted for all model cells; however, not all simulations converged. As a result, some capture results are missing from the dataset. Information regarding model development is available in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1906) and the model application data release (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UPZJJH). These data were created as part of a U.S. Geological Survey study, done in cooperation with Nevada Division of Water Resources and the Desert Research Institute, to evaluate groundwater capture related to groundwater pumping in the middle Humboldt River basin, Nevada. The intended uses of this dataset include, but are not limited to, natural resource modeling, mapping, and visualization applications. The definitions of the different capture components: Stream Capture: A reduction in streamflow, either via induced recharge or reduced discharge to a stream, caused by groundwater pumping. Stream capture also is frequently referred to as “streamflow depletion.” Stream capture includes capture from all surface-water resources, including springs, lakes, reservoirs, canals, drains. Groundwater Evapotranspiration Capture (ETg capture): A reduction in groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) because of groundwater level declines caused by groundwater pumping. ETg capture also may be called captured ETg, ETg depletion, salvaged ETg, or evapotranspiration (ETg) capture. Storage Change: A reduction in groundwater storage caused by groundwater pumping. Groundwater storage is the first source of water to a well. Once a well’s cone of depression has extended far enough to reach an external source of water, the well will begin to capture from that external source and derive less of its water from groundwater storage. This term also is commonly referred to as “storage depletion.” Storage change is not technically capture; rather, it is complimentary to capture such that total storage change plus total capture are equivalent to the total groundwater pumping rate. 20260514 publication date Complete None planned -118.2280 -115.8470 41.86250 39.51050 ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation inlandWaters USGS Thesaurus geospatial analysis geospatial datasets groundwater groundwater and surface water interaction groundwater flow hydrology modeling None capture groundwater model MODFLOW 6 stream capture stream flow depletion USGS groundwater model USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:68b222d5d4be0234b611e248 Geographic Names Information System Argenta Battle Mountain Carlin Churchill County Dunphy Elko County Eureka County Golconda Humboldt County Humboldt River Imlay Lander County Nevada Palisade Pershing County Winnemucca State of Nevada Division of Water Resources Hydrographic Regions and Basins Basin 49 Basin 50 Basin 51 Basin 52 Basin 53 Basin 54 Basin 55 Basin 57 Basin 58 Basin 59 Basin 60 Basin 61 Basin 62 Basin 63 Basin 64 Basin 65 Basin 66 Basin 67 Basin 68 Basin 69 Basin 70 Basin 71 Basin 72 Basin 131 Basin 138 Antelope Valley Boulder Flat Buffalo Valley Carico Lake Valley Clovers Area Crescent Valley Elko Segment Grass Valley Hardscrabble Area Humboldt River Region Imlay Area Kelley Creek Area Little Humboldt Valley Lower Reese River Valley Maggie Creek Area Marys Creek Area Middle Reese River Valley Paradise Valley Pine Valley Pumpernickel Valley Rock Creek Valley Susie Creek Area Whirlwind Valley Willow Creek Valley Winnemucca Segment none middle Humboldt River basin No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. No use constraints. These data are in the public domain, made available under a Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal License. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, Nevada Division of Water Resources, and Desert Research Institute would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Users are advised to read the dataset metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. U.S. Geological Survey Nevada Water Science Center Public Information Officer mailing and physical

2730 N. Deer Run Road, Suite 3

Carson City NV 89701 USA (775) 887-7600 GS-W-NVpublic-info@usgs.gov Mayers, C.J. Medina, R.L. Fano, E.D. Hodge, R.J. 20260514 web application Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey The Humboldt River Basin Capture Query Tool is a web application that allows users to explore the groundwater capture results presented in this data release. https://www.usgs.gov/tools/humboldt-capture-query-tool No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Capture simulations were attempted for all model cells; however, not all simulations converged. As a result, some capture results are missing from the dataset. Users are advised to review the rest of the metadata record, along with the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1906) and model application data release (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UPZJJH), for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. Davis, K.W. Eldridge, W.G. Allander, K.K. Gardner, M.A. Mayers, C.J. 20260514 groundwater model Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UPZJJH online 20260514 publication date source_model MODFLOW 6 input and output files (usgs.model.reference, hrb_tr6_dis, id1.dat, id2.dat, id3.dat, id4.dat, id5.dat, id6.dat, top1.dat, bot1.dat, bot2.dat, bot3.dat, bot4.dat, bot5.dat, bot6.dat) Davis, K.W. Unpublished material tabular digital data online 2025 Date model was used to generate results. capture_results The MODFLOW 6 model was used to estimate potential stream capture 100 years into the future. A baseline simulation was first completed. Then, for each active model cell, a separate simulation was run with added groundwater pumping in that cell. Potential groundwater capture was calculated by subtracting each component from the baseline simulation from the corresponding component in the pumped simulation. Results were reported annually as percentages for three components: stream depletion, salvaged ETg, and storage change. Note that capture simulations were attempted for all model cells; however, not all simulations converged. As a result, some capture results are missing from the dataset. CREATION OF A POLYGON MODEL GRID: A polygon model grid was created to represent the 'source_model' grid. The process used the 'source_model' reference file (usgs.model.reference) for reference coordinates, and the discretization file (hrb_tr6_dis) for row count, column count, and cell size information. Each grid cell was assigned a unique identifier based on its row and column position. Using the Python libraries 'geopandas' and 'shapley': A) A grid was created with an upper-left origin at the coordinates (1,300,550, 15,205,100), consisting of 428 rows and 329 columns, with each cell measuring 2,000 feet by 2,000 feet. The coordinate reference system (CRS) was defined as: PROJCS["WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_11N_ft",GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984",DATUM["D_WGS84",SPHEROID["WGS84",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],UNIT["Degree",0.017453292519943295]],PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0],PARAMETER["central_meridian",-117],PARAMETER["scale_factor",0.9996],PARAMETER["false_easting",1640416.666666667],PARAMETER["false_northing",0],UNIT["Foot_US",0.30480060960121924]],VERTCS["Local",VDATUM["Local"],PARAMETER["Direction",1.0],UNIT["Foot_US",0.30480060960121924]]. B) The attribute 'rc_hash' was added and assigned a unique identifier attribute value for each cell based on its row and column position using the formula: 1,000,000 + (row * 1,000) + column. source_model 202508 MH_model_grid MODFLOW 6 ARRAY INTEGRATION: MODFLOW 6 array values were associated with the 'MH_model_grid' dataset using Python scripts. These scripts matched the row and column positions from the 'source_model' array files to the corresponding row and column positions in the grid. The 'source_model' contains of six layers, each represented in the array files as a sequential two-dimensional array (one per layer). The scripts parsed the array files, accounted for the layer structure, and assigned the corresponding array values to each grid cell. A) Identify active cells: Active cells in 'MH_model_grid' were identified using the 'ibound' values from the 'source_model' idomain files (id1.dat thorugh id6.dat). Cells with an 'ibound' value of 0 were excluded. The active cells were exported to create the 'MH_active_model_grid' dataset. B) Extract Elevation: Elevation data for the top of layer 1 and the bottoms of layers 1 through 6 were extracted from the 'source_model' surface files (top1.dat, bot1.dat, bot2.dat, bot3.dat, bot4.dat, bot5.dat, and bot6.dat). C) Format and Assign Elevation: The following attributes were added to the 'MH_active_model_grid': 'top' (top of layer 1), 'bot_l1' (bottom of layer 1), 'bot_l2' (bottom of layer 2), 'bot_l3' (bottom of layer 3), 'bot_l4' (bottom of layer 4), 'bot_l5' (bottom of layer 5), and 'bot_l6' (bottom of layer 6). Elevation values were multiplied by 10 and truncated to integers to preserve precision to the nearest tenth of a foot. The values were assigned to the corresponding attributes. source_model MH_model_grid 202508 MH_active_model_grid CAPTURE RESULTS TABLE: A table, 'MH_capture_results', was created to store the normalized and formatted capture results by layer, grid cell position, and year. A) Normalize Values: Capture component values were normalized to a sum to 100%. To account for rounding, the largest capture component was adjusted (typically by no more than 0.1%) to bring the total capture to 100%. The component values were then multiplied by 10 and truncated to integers to maintain precision to the nearest tenth of a percent. B) Create table: The table was created with the attributes: 'layer', 'rc_hash', 'year', 'stream_depletion', 'salvaged_et', and 'storage_change'. The normalized and formatted 'capture_results' were loaded into the 'MH_capture_results' table. capture_results 202508 MH_capture_results The attribute 'has_results' was added to the 'MH_active_model_grid' and assigned an attribute value for each cell based on whether capture results were available for the cell in any model layer. Cells with available capture results in any model layer were assigned a value of 1, and cells with no capture results in any model layer were assigned a value of 0. MH_active_model_grid 202604 MH_active_model_grid Vector GT-polygon composed of chains 77835 WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_11N_ft 0.9996 -117.0 0.0 1640416.666666667 0.0 row and column 0.000328083 0.00328083 U.S. feet North American Vertical Datum of 1988 1.0 U.S. feet Attribute values MH.gpkg\main.MH_active_model_grid and MH.gdb\MH_active_model_grid An Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) geopackage or an Esri geodatabase of polygon features and attribute data representing the active model grid data from the middle Humboldt River basin MODFLOW 6 model. producer-defined OBJECTID Internal feature number. OGC Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. OGC or Esri Coordinates defining the features. Length Length of feature in internal units. Only present in the Esri geodatabase MH.gdb\MH_active_model_grid. Esri Positive real numbers that are automatically generated. Area Area of feature in internal units squared. Only present in the Esri geodatabase MH.gdb\MH_active_model_grid. Esri Positive real numbers that are automatically generated. rc_hash Unique model cell identifier assigned to each cell based on the cell row and column position. producer-defined Unique integer value of each model cell. top Elevation of the top of the model cell (land surface), in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model 41450 98450 feet and multiplied by 10 bot_l1 Elevation of the bottom of layer 1 of the model cell, in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model 40950 98450 feet and multiplied by 10 bot_l2 Elevation of the bottom of layer 2 of the model cell, in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model 40950 98450 feet and multiplied by 10 bot_l3 Elevation of the bottom of layer 3 of the model cell, in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model 40359 98450 feet and multiplied by 10 bot_l4 Elevation of the bottom of layer 4 of the model cell, in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model 33780 98450 feet and multiplied by 10 bot_l5 Elevation of the bottom of layer 5 of the model cell, in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model 21780 86450 feet and multiplied by 10 bot_l6 Elevation of the bottom of layer 6 of the model cell, in feet and multiplied by 10. source_model -2220 62450 feet and multiplied by 10 has_results Indicates whether capture results are available for the model cell in any model layer. source_model 0 Capture results are not available for the model cell in any model layer. nv_hydrogeo 1 Capture results are available for the model cell in at least one model layer. nv_hydrogeo MH.gpkg\main.MH_capture_results and MH.gdb\MH_capture_results An Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) geopackage or an Esri geodatabase table containing capture result data from the middle Humboldt River basin MODFLOW 6 model. producer-defined OBJECTID Internal feature number. OGC Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. layer MODFLOW 6 model layer number. capture_results 1 6 rc_hash Unique model cell identifier assigned to each cell based on the cell row and column. producer-defined Unique integer value of each model cell. year Year of the model simulation. capture_results 0 100 year stream_depletion Percent of capture from stream depletion and multiplied by 10. capture_results 0 980 percent and multiplied by 10 salvaged_et Percent of capture from salvaged ETg and multiplied by 10. capture_results 0 990 percent and multiplied by 10 storage_change Percent of capture from storage change and multiplied by 10. capture_results 1 1000 percent and multiplied by 10 ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. geopackage https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YZUT70 Esri geodatabase https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YZUT70 The USGS does not charge a fee for these data. 20260514 U.S. Geological Survey Nevada Water Science Center Mayers, C.J. mailing and physical

2730 N. Deer Run Road, Suite 3

Carson City NV 89701 USA 775-887-7622 cjmayers@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998