Brian P. O'Malley Jacques Rinchard 20260107 tabular digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey ([Brian P. O'Malley][https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-3080][U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, Lake Ontario Biological Station]); ([Jacques Rinchard][https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6247-2551][State University of New York College at Brockport]) https://doi.org/10.5066/P13BDOYB This data release includes thiamine concentration measurements from lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) eggs and associated biological data (e.g., fish length, weight, sex) and capture location data (e.g., lake, coordinates, date of collection). Lake trout used in this dataset were collected during 2024 from across the Great Lakes and other inland lakes such as the Finger Lakes, New York and Lake Champlain, Vermont. These data are intended for use by the research community, the public, and Great Lakes fisheries managers, to help understand the threat posed by thiamine deficiency complex (TDC) to lake trout populations. TDC is a suspected impediment to natural reproduction and may be an obstacle to lake trout restoration. Annual monitoring provides trend through time data useful in evaluating the current potential for successful reproduction. time period information refers to the analysis date instead of collection date 20241212 20250612 See Supplemental Info Complete None planned Great Lakes, Lake Champlain -92.2852 -72.9053 48.7779 41.3438 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota None thiamine deficiency complex lake trout USGS Thesaurus fish recreational fishery resources environmental assessment health and disease aquatic biology freshwater ecosystems USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6887b035d4be024722b4a94c Common geographic areas Lake Superior Lake Michigan Lake Huron Lake Erie Lake Ontario Lake Champlain Great Lakes Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names Finger Lakes New York Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Salvelinus namaycush Kingdom Animalia animals Subkingdom Bilateria triploblasts Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata chordates Subphylum Vertebrata vertebrates Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Actinopterygii ray-finned fishes spiny rayed fishes Class Teleostei Superorder Protacanthopterygii Order Salmoniformes salmons Family Salmonidae salmonids trouts and salmons salmons trouts Subfamily Salmoninae Genus Salvelinus chars Species Salvelinus namaycush lake trout TSN: 162002 No access constraints No use constraints Brian P. O'Malley U.S. Geological Survey, MIDCONTINENT REGION Research Fishery Biologist mailing

17 Lake St

Oswego NY 13126 US 315-342-3951 315-342-8065 bomalley@usgs.gov Tissue samples were collected from lake trout caught in the Great Lakes. Samples were processed in the laboratory at the State University of New York (SUNY) College at Brockport. Data were entered into excel spreadsheets. Data were checked, analyzed and verified using R (version 4.1.0) software. Donald E Tillitt Jessica R Alberts Jacques Rinchard 20210518 Dataset https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/p9i4czi7 Brian P O'Malley Jacques Rinchard Jarrod Ludwig Brian F Lantry 20241114 Dataset https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/p1juoz3b All analyses were conducted according to published, validated protocols, appropriate for quantification of thiamine vitamers in fish tissues (Zajicek et al. 2005; Brown et al. 1998). Samples were analyzed in duplicate and calibrated against freshly prepared standards, as per method protocols. Standard curves were run with each sample set, in duplicate, and slopes were compared with historic values for accuracy. Blanks were also run with each sample set. Instrument calibration was evaluated with each set of samples run on a particular day. All values were checked for outliers and illogical values. Standardized data conversion and calculation sheets were used to reduce human data entry errors. All data were checked for accuracy by an independent reviewer. Brown SB, Honeyfield DC, Vandenbyllaardt L. 1998. Thiamine analysis in fish tissues. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 21: 73-81. Zajicek JL, Tillitt DE, Brown SB, Brown LR, Honeyfield DC, Fitzsimons JD. 2005. A rapid solid-phase extraction fluorometric method for thiamine and riboflavin in salmonid eggs. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 17:95-105. All data was checked to be within range of the standard curves developed each assay day, the data were also reviewed for transcription errors, omissions, and duplications. Not applicable No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted M.H. Futia S. Hallenbeck A.D. Noyes D.C. Honeyfield G.E. Eckerlin J. Rinchard 201704 publication Journal of Great Lakes Research vol. 43, issue 2 n/a Elsevier BV ppg. 352-358 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.01.001 Digital and/or Hardcopy 201704 publication date Futia et al. (2017) Protocol used. See "Process Step" for thaimine use. S.B. Brown D.C. Honeyfield L. Vandenbyllaardt 19980101 publication American Fisheries Society Symposium 21 pp. 73-81 https://fisheries.org/docs/books/x54021xm/8.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 19980101 publication date Brown et al. (1998) Protocol used. See "Process Step" for thaimine use. James L. Zajicek Donald E. Tillitt Scott B. Brown Lisa R. Brown Dale C. Honeyfield John D. Fitzsimons 20110109 publication Journal of Aquatic Animal Health vol. 17, issue 1 n/a Wiley ppg. 95-105 https://doi.org/10.1577/H03-079.1 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20110109 publication date Zajicek et al. 2005 Protocol used. See "Attribute Accuracy" Lake trout were sampled by natural resource agencies and tribes by traditional fisheries gill net techniques. Although slightly different methods were used by each of the collectors, gill net set were overnight with monofilament nets. Samples were retrieved in the morning and eggs were collected from mature female lake trout. Approximately 10 grams of eggs were placed in a monolayer within a plastic bag, a label placed in the bag, then the eggs were frozen with dry ice blocks. If dry ice was not available, eggs were frozen within a regular freezer. All samples were shipped to SUNY Brockport on dry ice and placed in -80C freezers until sample analysis. 20250612 Free thiamine (TH), thiamine monophosphate (TMP), and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) were extracted following Brown et al. (1998) using 1 g of eggs (about 8-10 eggs) homogenized in a 2% trichloroacetic acid solution. Lake trout egg thiamine extracts were then quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) according to Brown et al. (1998) with modifications following Futia et al. (2017). All samples were analyzed in duplicate. Two method blanks were included after every 15 samples for quality assurance. A six-point standard curve with known concentrations of thiamine (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 30 nmol/g) was generated at the start of each group of samples run. All thiamine concentrations reported here represent total thiamine (sum of the three vitamers, TH, TMP, and TPP). Brown et al. (1998) Futia et al. (2017) 20250612 Jacques Rinchard SUNY Brockport Professor mailing and physical

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Brockport New York 14420 USA 585-395-5750 jrinchar@brockport.edu thiamine dataset 2024.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined year Year of when a lake trout was collected from a site. Producer Defined 2024 2024 lake Name of the lake. Producer Defined text agency Name of the agency that performed the lake trout collection. Producer Defined text location Name of the specific site where lake trout were collected within each lake. These are locally held, informal, convenient names assigned to sampling locations provided in the data for convenience. Please refer to the lat/long for more formal location information Producer Defined text siteGrouping Name of broader scale site where lake trout were collected within each lake, used to aggregate locations into groups for analysis. These are locally held, informal, convenient names assigned to sampling locations provided in the data for convenience. Please refer to the lat/long for more formal location information Producer Defined text collectionDate The date or date range a lake trout was collected. Producer Defined Date; MM/DD/YYYY; MM/DD/YYYY - MM/DD/YYYY analysisDate The date analysis was completed. Producer Defined The date analysis was completed. totalConc_nmol_g Total thiamine concentration, measured as nmol of thiamine per gram of fish tissue. Producer Defined 0.77 37.02 nmol per gram fishID The fish identification number or code used by the agency that collected the fish. Because the fishId originates from the agency doing the analysis the code follows many different formats and that the unique identifier is not always unique. Producer Defined character totalLength_mm Total length of an individual lake trout measured at the time of collection, measured in millimeters. Producer Defined NA A value of NA, if present, indicates the fish total length was not recorded. Producer defined integer weight_g Wet weight of an indiviudal lake trout measured at the time of collection, measured in grams. Producer Defined NA A value of NA, if present, indicates the fish weight was not recorded. Producer defined numeric age The age of an individual lake trout, measured in years. Producer Defined NA A value of NA, if present, indicates the age was not recorded. Producer defined integer strain The strain of an individual lake trout. Refer to the Great Lakes Fishery Commission stocking database for more information on strain codes. Producer Defined NA A value of NA, if present, indicates the strain was not assigned. Producer defined text latitude The latitude where the lake trout was collected. decimal degrees Producer Defined NA A value of NA, if present, indicates the latitude was not recorded at the time of collection. Producer defined 42.2152 47.0752 0.0001 longitude The longitude where the lake trout was collected. decimal degrees Producer Defined NA A value of NA, if present, indicates the latitude was not recorded at the time of collection. Producer defined -91.8094 -73.3405 0.0001 method The method used to measure total thiamine concentration in the laboratory analysis. HPLC refers to high pressure liquid chromatography. See process steps for more details. Producer Defined HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography Producer defined U.S. Geological Survey GS ScienceBase mailing address

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P13BDOYB None 20260107 Great Lakes Science Center mailing and physical

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Ann Arbor Michigan 48105 US 734-994-3331 GS_ASK_GLSC@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999