Conor J. Judge Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly Madeline Betz Mary A. Evans 20260325 spreadsheet Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Authors' information at the time of data collection Conor Judge, U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, orcid: 0009-0003-5665-5305; Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly, U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, orcid: 0000-0001-9168-3545; Madeline Betz, U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, orcid: 0009-0004-6748-3403; Mary A. Evans, U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, orcid: 0000-0002-1627-7210. https://doi.org/10.5066/P134TBDD Great Lakes Science Center 2018 website Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This is a citation for a project landing page that contains multiple data releases https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f6e18ba82ce38aaa2498f3e This data set includes information on macroinvertebrate community composition collected along with benthic algae and dreissenid mussels from May to October of 2024. Stations are located along the U.S. shoreline of Lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario. Macroinvertebrates were identified from benthic samples collected by scuba divers. Macroinvertebrates, algae, and dreissenids were separated in the lab during sample processing and preserved macroinvertebrates were observed and identified using microscopic examination. This dataset is part of a larger data set collected in 2024, that includes algal and dreissenid mussel biomass; water quality assessments; and diver observations of dreissenid mussels, round gobies, benthic substrate, and benthic algal cover (https://doi.org/10.5066/P1WLGXGZ). As part of the larger Cladophora assessment (Great Lakes Science Center, 2018), the purpose of the macroinvertebrate identification and enumeration was to gain an understanding of the benthic macroinvertebrate community associated with the presence of dreissenid mussels and algal growth. Sites were selected for conditions conducive to attached benthic algal growth and were not randomized, nor were benthic invertebrates collected if there were no algae or dreissenids in a quadrat; thus, collection of data is not representative of the full nearshore zone, and interpretation of data beyond the study design should be done with caution. 20240523 20241025 ground condition Complete None planned Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Lake Ontario -87.8467 -77.3108 45.5833 41.3606 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota environment inlandWaters USGS Thesaurus freshwater ecosystems algae aquatic vegetation specimen collecting transect sampling microscopy relative abundance analysis field sampling aquatic biology nuisance species eutrophication benthos succession (biological) entomology macroinvertebrates invertebrates arthropods insects mollusks systematics and taxonomy USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:68642ca8d4be025fd24f0221 Common geographic areas Lake Michigan Lake Erie Lake Huron Lake Ontario Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Asellidae Gammaridae Hyalellidae Caenidae Heptageniidae Chironomidae Hydropsychidae Polycentropodidae Hydroptilidae Nematoda Clitellata Erpobdellidae Lymnaeidae Physidae Planorbidae Pleuroceridae Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Protostomia Superphylum Ecdysozoa Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Crustacea Superclass Altocrustacea Class Malacostraca Subclass Eumalacostraca Superorder Peracarida Order Isopoda Suborder Asellota Superfamily Aselloidea Family Asellidae TSN: 92657 Order Amphipoda Suborder Senticaudata Infraorder Gammarida Superfamily Gammaroidea Family Gammaridae TSN: 93745 Infraorder Talitrida Superfamily Talitroidea Family Hyalellidae TSN: 94022 Subphylum Hexapoda Class Insecta Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Palaeoptera Order Ephemeroptera Suborder Furcatergalia Infraorder Pannota Superfamily Caenoidea Family Caenidae TSN: 101467 Suborder Pisciforma Superfamily Heptagenioidea Family Heptageniidae TSN: 100504 Infraclass Neoptera Superorder Holometabola Order Diptera Suborder Nematocera Infraorder Culicomorpha Family Chironomidae TSN: 127917 Order Trichoptera Superfamily Hydropsychoidea Family Hydropsychidae TSN: 115398 Family Polycentropodidae TSN: 117043 Superfamily Hydroptiloidea Family Hydroptilidae TSN: 115629 Phylum Nematoda TSN: 59490 Superphylum Spiralia Phylum Annelida Class Clitellata TSN: 568832 Subclass Lumbriculata Order Hirudinida Suborder Arhynchobdellida Infraorder Erpobdelliformes Family Erpobdellidae TSN: 69438 Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Subclass Orthogastropoda Infraclass Heterobranchia Superorder Hygrophila Order Lymnaeida Superfamily Lymnaeoidea Family Lymnaeidae TSN: 76483 Superfamily Planorboidea Family Physidae TSN: 76676 Family Planorbidae TSN: 76591 Infraclass Caenogastropoda Order Cerithiida Superfamily Cerithioidea Family Pleuroceridae TSN: 71541 There are no access constraints associated with these data. There are no use constraints associated with these data. Mary A Evans U.S. Geological Survey, MIDCONTINENT REGION Research Ecologist mailing

1451 Green Rd

Ann Arbor MI 48105 US 734-214-7221 731-994-8780 maevans@usgs.gov The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency granted funding to the U.S. Geological Survey under the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative for data collection and analysis. Jessica Oswald Lauren Fochler Madeline Betz Zachary Hatfield Shelby Eagan Madeleine Giordano Joseph Gravino Conor Judge Benjamin Kramer Megan Lewan Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly Leslie Reyes Dawn Shively Ashley Spoljaric Mary A. Evans 20250725 publication https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P1WLGXGZ Lauren M Fochler Jessica C. Oswald Madeline M. Betz Zachary A Hatfield Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly Mary Anne Evans 2025 dataset https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/p14vmrwg Majority of taxonomic identifications were performed to the level at which the technician was confident (i.e., family or order). Selected identifications were checked by a more experienced technician. High standard quality assurance practices were employed in laboratory and field protocols to collect the data, ensuring the accuracy of values in datasets. Technicians collecting data undergo rigorous training to adhere to protocols. Sample temperature control, holding times, and other steps to ensure data accuracy are detailed in the process steps. No tests were run for outlier analysis on this dataset. Interpretation of this dataset should be done with caution. Macroinvertebrates were not the main goal of these sampling efforts, and the data does not represent a complete overview of macroinvertebrate communities. Thus, field collections for this dataset were not traditional nor conventional benthic invertebrate sampling methods, but instead sampled the invertebrates associated with benthic algae and dreissenid mussels. Datasets were checked for errors, including duplication or omission. All manually entered data were twice checked for errors against hard copies of the data. Taxonomy of invertebrates was confirmed using the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). All levels of taxonomy included in this dataset have a valid status as of 2/18/2026. Macroinvertebrate data presented in this dataset was not a result of sampling effort targeting benthic invertebrates. Sample collection targeted dreissenid mussels and benthic algae, macroinvertebrates were collected as bycatch in these samples. Macroinvertebrate laboratory sampling methods were developed over the course of the 2024 season; notably, prior to June 29th, 2024, gastropods were excluded during sample processing but were included after that date. Many macroinvertebrate specimens are damaged during collection and processing and were identified to the taxonomic level at which technician was confident (i.e., family level and above). If less than 50% of a specimen was present, it was not counted in specimen counts to avoid duplication. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details - further details about data collection conditions and considerations are found in the metadata “Process Steps.” Sites were not randomized; thus collection of data is not representative of the full nearshore zone, and interpretation of data beyond the study design should be done with caution. Missing data values are noted where applicable for certain stations and are due to weather or other logistical restrictions. If all data from a line is missing, data for that sample was omitted. Station locations were established by GPS on the first visit to each transect with a horizontal precision of 0.00001° latitude and longitude (~1.1 m). Additional information on accuracy and variation on subsequent visits is included in Process Step 1. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Richard W. Merritt Ken W. Cummins Martin B. Berg 2019 5th publication Dubuque, Iowa Kendall Hunt Publishing Company ISBN: 979-8-3851-3383-3 Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date Merritt et. al, 2019 Source used in Step 4 of Step Process James H. Thorpe D. Christopher Rogers 2016 4th publication Amsterdam Elsevier ISBN: 978-0-12-385028-7 Digital and/or Hardcopy 2016 publication date Thorp & Rogers, 2016 Source used in Step 4 of Step Process J. B. Burch 1982 publication Cincinnati, Ohio U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA-600/3-82-026 Digital and/or Hardcopy 1982 publication date Burch, 1982 Source used in Step 4 of Step Process Glenn B. Wiggins 1996 publication Toronto, Ontario University of Toronto Press ISBN: 0-8020-2723-7 Digital and/or Hardcopy 1996 publication date Wiggins, 1996 Source used in Step 4 of Step Process Great Lakes Science Center 2018 publication Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This is a citation for a project landing page that contains multiple data releases. https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f6e18ba82ce38aaa2498f3e Digital and/or Hardcopy 2018 publication date Great Lakes Science Center, 2018 This is a project-related page that contains yearly data releases from 2018-2023. In Process Step 1, station depths were recorded and can be found within data releases cited on this page. J. Ellen Marsden Benjamin Marcy-Quay Natalie Dingledine Aaron Berndt Janice Adams 20230201 publication Marsden, J.E. et al. (2023) ‘Physical and biological evolution of constructed reefs – long-term assessment and lessons learned’, Journal of Great Lakes Research, 49(1), pp. 276–287. doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2022.10.008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.10.008 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20230201 publication date Marsden et al. 2023 Provides established location of spawning reefs in Process Step 1 J. Ellen Marsden Thomas R. Binder James Johnson Ji He Natalie Dingledine Janice Adams Nicholas S. Johnson Tyler J. Buchinger Charles C. Kreuger 20160630 tabular digital data Marsden, J.E., Binder, T.R., Johnson, J., He, J., Dingledine, N., Adams, J., Johnson, N.S.,Buchinger, T.J., Krueger, C.C., 2016. Five-year evaluation of habitat remediation in Thunder Bay, Lake Huron: Comparison of constructed reef characteristics that attract spawning lake trout. Fish. Res. 183, 275–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.06.012 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20160630 publication date Marsden et al. 2016 Provides established location of spawning reefs in Process Step 1 STEP 1 Collection sites and regime Informs table: Locations2024 Sample collection transects (transect code, lake, transect name) were as follows; Sentinel Transects: - MWA, Michigan, Waukegan - MSB, Michigan, Sleeping Bear - HHB, Huron, Hammond Bay - HAL, Huron, Alpena - EDE, Erie, Dunkirk East - EEP, Erie, Erie Pennsylvania - OOL, Ontario, Olcott - OIR, Ontario, Irondequoit SWIM Transects: - MGR, Michigan, Good Harbor Reef - HTR, Huron, Thunder Bay Reef Each Sentinel transect consists of three stations (nominal depths 3, 6, 10 m). Each SWIM transect consists of four stations (a, b, c, and d for MGR; CEM1, CEM6, CKD2, and CKD9 for HTR). Three quadrats (1-3) were collected at each station. The study period was 2024-05-23 through 2024-10-24. Station locations were established on the first visit to each transect (in 2024 for MGR and HTR, 2019 for HAL and MWA, and 2018 for all remaining transects) and station depths varied on subsequent visits with changing lake level, see project page (Great Lakes Science Center, 2018) linked in the larger work of this metadata record. Sentinel station locations were established by GPS on the first visit to each transect based on GPS depth sounder measurement of depth, selecting a station with depth not more than ± 0.1 m from the target depth, and having a horizontal precision of 0.00001° latitude and longitude (~1.1 m). Geodetic datum used for latitude and longitude was WGS84. SWIM transects and stations were selected, in consultation with fisheries collaborators, based on known locations of natural (MGR) and constructed (HTR, Marsden et al. 2016 and 2023) spawning reefs, target coordinates were established prior to the first sampling trip and confirmed by GPS on site. On subsequent station visits, boat crews targeted the established location; however, horizontal location, even within a sampling event, varied proportionally to the length of the boat’s anchor line and wind-induced movement. Boats were re-anchored if needed due to large changes of wind direction, if this could be done safely. Horizontal precision for sampling locations is thus lower than GPS precision, averaging approximately 30 m. At all Sentinel and SWIM transects, standard biomass collection was performed. All Sentinel transects were visited in June, July and August, SWIM transects were visited in July and October. Great Lakes Science Center, 2018 Marsden et al. 2016 Marsden et al. 2023 20241024 STEP 2 Field collections Informs tables: 2024AlgalAssocMacroinverts Field collections - Benthic samples Benthic samples consisting of algae (biomass analysis) and dreissenid mussels (biomass and nutrient analysis), along with accompanying invertebrates, were collected by scuba divers from within the three 0.15 m^2 quadrats placed for observations. Divers collected material by hand-scraping or using a dive knife or putty knife; large rocks were overturned to ensure all live mussels were collected. All collected material was placed inside prelabeled Nitex 500 μm mesh bags. After algae and mussel samples were returned to the boat, samples collected in Nitex mesh bags were rinsed in lake water to remove sediment and debris, and then emptied into prelabeled zip-top freezer bags. All benthic samples were stored on wet ice for transport back to the laboratory. 20241024 STEP 3 Laboratory processing of benthic quadrat samples. Informs tables: 2024AlgalAssocMacroinverts Upon receipt in the laboratory, all benthic samples were checked-in following laboratory protocols and were subsequently stored at 4℃ until further processing, as described below. Laboratory equipment used for benthic sample processing (i.e., refrigerators, ovens, balances) is regularly calibrated and undergoes regular maintenance to ensure proper functioning. Benthic samples were initially rinsed with reverse osmosis (RO) water to remove sediment and organic matter. Algae were manually separated from dreissenid mussels; any empty shells, rocks, or other debris were picked out with forceps and discarded. Macroinvertebrates were picked out and placed either directly into a 2-dram glass vial of 96% ethanol or placed into a weigh boat of RO water then transferred to ethanol. Vial caps have an interior polyethylene liner to reduce ethanol evaporation. 202411 STEP 4 Microscopic Analysis Macroinvertebrate samples were identified using a dissection microscope (Olympus SZ61 or Olympus SZ6045TR). Macroinvertebrates were removed from the sample vial and placed into a petri dish containing 90% ethanol to avoid drying out specimens. Macroinvertebrates were then identified to the lowest taxonomic unit and counted. Specimens were then returned to the original vial with new ethanol and stored in a flammable materials cabinet. Reference keys were used for invertebrate identification. Dichotomous keys along with online resources were used to aid in the identification of macroinvertebrates. Multiple published keys and reference books were used, including Thorp & Rogers et. all (2016), Merritt, R. W. 1., Cummins, K. W., & Berg, M. B. (2019), Burch (1982), and Wiggins (1996). ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System) was used to check taxonomic names and higher taxonomy of invertebrates. This was compared to WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species) and differences were noted. Merritt et. al, 2019 Thorp & Rogers, 2016 Burch, 1982 Wiggins, 1996 202502 STEP 5 Data Processing All USGS GLSC laboratory generated measurements were recorded on laboratory sheets, kept in binders, then digitized; paper and digitized data are stored and backed up following federal procedure as raw data and paper copies are kept for reference. Invertebrate data sheets were entered into excel after being identified to the lowest taxonomic unit. Some invertebrates were identified to subclass or superfamily, specific information is found in the Notes column of 2024AlgalAssocMacroinverts.csv, along with notes on life stage for macroinvertebrates in a pupal or adult stage. For comparison to other data related to this dataset counts were provided per m^2. 2025 2024AlgalAssocMacroinverts.csv This table contains counts and taxonomic identifications for macroinvertebrates associated with algal and dreissenid mussel collections. Producer Defined Year Collection Year Producer Defined 2024 2024 YYYY 1 Date Collection date. Dates are written in year-month-day (yyyy-mm-dd) format Producer Defined 2024-05-23 2024-10-24 YYYY-MM-DD Lake Name of the Great Lake where sampling occurred. Producer Defined Erie Lake Erie Producer defined Huron Lake Huron Producer defined Michigan Lake Michigan Producer defined Ontario Lake Ontario Producer defined Transect Three-character string indicating which lake and location was sampled. Producer Defined EDE Lake Erie, Dunkirk; East Producer defined EEP Lake Erie, Erie Pennsylvania Producer defined HAL Lake Huron, Alpena Producer defined HHB Lake Huron, Hammond Bay Producer defined HTR Lake Huron, Thunder Bay Reefs Producer defined MGR Lake Michigan, Good Harbor Reef Producer defined MSB Lake Michigan, Sleeping Bear Producer defined MWA Lake Michigan, Waukegan Producer defined OIR Lake Ontario, Irondequoit Producer defined OOL Lake Ontario, Olcott Producer defined Station Sentinel Stations target following depths: 3, 6, 10 meters. SWIM Stations target four locations each; see Step 1 in Process Step for more explanations. Producer Defined 3 Station targeting 3m depth Producer defined 6 Station targeting 6m depth Producer defined 10 Station targeting 10m depth Producer defined a Station in plot a Producer defined b Station in plot b Producer defined c Station in plot c Producer defined d Station in plot d Producer defined CEM1 Station near sampling well on constructed reef CEM1 Producer defined CEM6 Station near sampling well on constructed reef CEM6 Producer defined CKD2 Station near sampling well on constructed reef CKD2 Producer defined CKD9 Station near sampling well on constructed reef CKD9 Producer defined Quadrat Numerical values, 1 through 3, which identify sites within a station. Quadrat in combination with transect, station, and date columns create a unique identifier in this table. Producer Defined 1 Quadrat 1 Producer defined 2 Quadrat 2 Producer defined 3 Quadrat 3 Producer defined Phylum Taxonomic hierarchical level; phylum Producer Defined NA No data Producer defined None No invertebrates present Producer defined Annelida Phylum Annelida Producer defined Arthropoda Phylum Arthropoda Producer defined Mollusca Phylum Mollusca Producer defined Nematoda Phylum Nematoda Producer defined Class Taxonomic hierarchical level; class Producer Defined NA No data Producer defined <<empty cell>> <<empty cell>>= either no specimen present or specimens were not identified to this taxonomic resolution Producer defined Arachnida Class Arachnida Producer defined Gastropoda Class Gastropoda Producer defined Clitellata Class Clitellata Producer defined Insecta Class Insecta Producer defined Malacostraca Class Malacostraca Producer defined Order Taxonomic hierarchical level; order Producer Defined NA No data Producer defined <<empty cell>> <<empty cell>> = either no specimen present or specimens were not identified to this taxonomic resolution Producer defined Amphipoda Order Amphipoda Producer defined Hirudinida Order Hirudinida Producer defined Cerithiida Order Cerithiida Producer defined Decapoda Order Decapoda Producer defined Diptera Order Diptera Producer defined Ephemeroptera Order Ephemeroptera Producer defined Isopoda Order Isopoda Producer defined Littorinida Order Littorinida Producer defined Trichoptera Order Trichoptera Producer defined Lymnaeida Order Lymnaeida Producer defined Family Taxonomic hierarchical level; family Producer Defined NA No data Producer defined <<empty cell>> <<empty cell>> = no specimen or specimens were not identified to this taxonomic resolution Producer defined Asellidae Family Asellidae Producer defined Caenidae Family Caenidae Producer defined Chironomidae Family Chironomidae Producer defined Erpobdellidae Family Erpobdellidae Producer defined Gammaridae Family Gammaridae Producer defined Heptageniidae Family Heptageniidae Producer defined Hyalellidae Family Hyalellidae Producer defined Hydropsychidae Family Hydropsychidae Producer defined Hydroptilidae Family Hydroptilidae Producer defined Lymnaeidae Family Lymnaeidae Producer defined Physidae Family Physidae Producer defined Planorbidae Family Planorbidae Producer defined Pleuroceridae Family Pleuroceridae Producer defined Polycentropodidae Family Polycentropodidae Producer defined Count_m2 Number of individuals of this taxa present per m^2 Producer Defined NA NA = No Data Producer defined 0 2058 count/m^2 7 ValueQualifier Value Qualifier Producer Defined << empty cell >> no value qualifier applies to this data Producer defined g = Gastropods were not counted in samples processed before June 29th, 2024 Notes Information pertinent to specific data records Producer Defined << empty cell >> no note applies to this data Producer defined Supplemental taxonomic information including additional levels of taxonomy, discrepancies among taxonomic databases, or annotations of life stage Locations2024.csv Sentinal Stations target following depths: 3, 6, 10 meters. SWIM Stations target four locations each; see Step 1 in Process Step for more explanations. Producer Defined Year Collection Year Producer Defined 2024 2024 year 1 Lake Name of the Great Lake where sampling occurred Producer Defined Erie Lake Erie Producer defined Huron Lake Huron Producer defined Michigan Lake Michigan Producer defined Ontario Lake Ontario Producer defined Transect Three-character string indicating which lake and location was sampled; see Step 1 in Process Step for more explanations. Producer Defined EDE Lake Erie, Dunkirk East Producer defined EEP Lake Erie, Erie, Pennsylvania Producer defined HAL Lake Huron, Alpena Producer defined HHB Lake Huron, Hammond Bay Producer defined MSB Lake Michigan, Sleeping Bear Producer defined MWA Lake Michigan, Waukegan Producer defined OIR Lake Ontario, Irondequoit Producer defined OOL Lake Ontario Olcott Producer defined HTR Lake Huron, Thunder Bay Reef Producer defined MGR Lake Michigan Good Harbor Reef Producer defined Station Sentinel Stations target following depths: 3, 6, 10 meters. SWIM Stations target four locations each; see Step 1 in Process Step for more explanations. Producer Defined 3 station targeting 3 m depth Producer defined 6 station targeting 6 m depth Producer defined 10 station targeting 10 m depth Producer defined CEM1 station near sampling well on constructed reef CEM1 Producer defined CEM6 station near sampling well on constructed reef CEM6 Producer defined CKD2 station near sampling well on constructed reef CKD2 Producer defined CKD9 station near sampling well on constructed reef CKD9 Producer defined a station in plot a Producer defined b station in plot b Producer defined c station in plot c Producer defined d station in plot d Producer defined Latitude Latitude in decimal degrees (WGS84) Producer Defined 42.17256 45.5997 decimal degrees 0.00001 Longitude Longitude in decimal degrees (WGS84) Producer Defined -87.77286 -77.43748 decimal degrees 0.00001 Project Research project determining location Producer Defined Sentinel multi-year Cladophora sentinel site assessment Producer defined SWIM Spawning Whitefish and Invasive Mussels multi-agency project Producer defined Distance Distance from shore. Approximate distance from the nearest shoreline as calculated using Google Maps' measure distance tool for specified latitude and longitude. Producer Defined <0.1 station is less than 0.1 km from shore Producer defined 0.1 3.3 km 0.1 Notes Information pertinent to specific data records. Producer Defined <<empty cell>> No note applies to this data Producer defined Free text. U.S. Geological Survey GS ScienceBase mailing address

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P134TBDD There are no fees associated with these data. 20260325 Great Lakes Science Center mailing and physical

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Ann Arbor MI 48105 US 734-994-3331 734-994-8740 GS_ASK_GLSC@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999