Pamela L. Nagler Eduardo Jimenez-Hernandez Ibrahima Sall Armando Barreto-Muñoz Kamel Didan 20260313 1.0 tabular digital data U.S. Geological Survey Science Base Catalog U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P142ZSGY These spatial and tabular data were compiled to have a decades-long record of the water usage in the riparian corridor for 27 selected sites where tamarisk (Tamarix spp) or saltcedar defoliation was reported by ground observations and/or exhibited in Google Imagery at locations across the Lower Colorado River Basin. Data for these sites was measured remotely for plant health as characterized by vegetation greenness, through the vegetation indices the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) or the two-band EVI2, and its plant water use or actual evapotranspiration (ET) estimation. In 2001, tamarisk leaf beetles (“beetles,” Diorhabda spp) were released to control invasive tamarisk (Tamarix spp), which dominates western United States (US) floodplains and alters riparian ecosystems. The beetles now inhabit thousands of river miles across the western US, radiating far from original release sites and repeatedly defoliating tamarisk stands. While biological control offers an alternative to mechanical or chemical removal, the benefits from tamarisk biological control remain an open question. Some river reaches now have more native shrubs where tamarisk cover has declined due to beetles, but native tree recovery remains rare. The objective of our study was to quantify ET (in millimeters per day) for each of 27 selected areas within Colorado Basin riparian zones. These tabular data represent ET and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) time series between Spring 2013 and December 2023. Landsat spectral bands were used to estimate EVI and EVI2. ET was then calculated based on these VIs as ET(EVI) and ET(EVI2). For its calculation, the Nagler ET(EVI2) empirical model was utilized. These spatial data represent polygons of tamarisk-dominated land cover from which were extracted as time series of EVI and EVI2 and used to estimate ET(EVI2) (in millimeters per day). This ET method requires using nearby Arizona Meteorological Stations. These meteorological data were collected for 27 sites, where the riparian corridor contains tamarisk (Tamarix spp) and was defoliated by beetles (Diorhabda spp). These data were created by the University of Arizona’s Vegetation Index and Phenology Lab, using surface reflectance data collected by the spaceborne mission Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) to estimate EVI2. ETo, and consequently ET(EVI2), was estimated from AZMET; however, we used Daymet gridded weather data to produce ETo across the study area, mostly in Arizona. These spatial and tabular data can be used for monitoring the health of riparian vegetation and water use trends. From 2013–2023, 52% of studied sites in the Colorado River Basin showed modest reductions in ET from tamarisk biocontrol, while ET of remaining sites increased slightly, yielding inconsistent water savings. Beetle-impacted tamarisk stands support a depauperate avian community and negatively affect breeding in rare birds, while restored native vegetation provides important replacement habitat. The purpose of these spatial and tabular data is to provide estimates of the riparian vegetation health and water usage (ET) for selected riparian corridor sites (n=27) across the Lower Colorado River Basin. Specifically, we review the current knowledge of one of the most consequential biological control programs ever implemented in North America. We evaluate impacts on riparian ecosystem evapotranspiration by looking at change over 10 years between 2013 and 2023. We are interested in documenting the current challenges and opportunities from tamarisk biocontrol. We anticipate how western US riparian forests may evolve with reduced tamarisk cover related to beetle distribution, impacts on tamarisk, hosting switching, beetle hybridization and impacts on fire risk. The spatial and tabular data were created to provide scientific evidence of the effect of water use (ET) on riparian health for the specific acreages selected to document increasing ET or reductions in ET over the decade in this study. This study provides a baseline for future researchers studying similar topics in the region. Long-term satellite observations help us to monitor the effect of ET on riparian health and the performance of healthy habitat within these riparian areas. 20130101 20231231 ground condition Complete None planned Study Extent -115.2084 -108.3859 37.1644 31.5683 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota None remote sensing evapotranspiration water balance greenness Landsat MODIS Tamarix Common geographic areas river basin USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:685c2511d4be02637b051839 Common geographic areas Arizona GNIS Lower Colorado River Basin None Tamarix saltcedar tamarisk Kingdom Plantae Subkingdom Viridiplantae Infrakingdom Streptophyta Superdivision Embryophyta Division Tracheophyta Subdivision Spermatophytina Class Magnoliopsida Superorder Caryophyllanae Order Caryophyllales Family Tamaricaceae Genus Tamarix TSN: 22303 No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. These data are marked with a Creative Common CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Pamela Nagler USGS Southwest Biological Science Center Research Physical Scientist mailing and physical

520 N Park Ave

Tucson AZ 85719 USA 520-670-3357 pnagler@usgs.gov Quality Assurance (QA): All Landsat product tiles include a Quality Assessment (QA) layer that describes the quality of each pixel. This QA information was then used to filter out pixels containing clouds, cloud shadow, high aerosols, and other atmospheric effects. The remaining pixel values were then averaged to create the time series. This may result at times in some bias associated with the changing number of retained pixels per processing date, however, we assumed this to be spatially and temporally consistent over the time period and as such we simply averaged whatever number of pixels resulting from the filtering process. Landsat data also contains some special values such as NoData which were also filtered out from any processing. Quality Control (QC): Throughout the process of creating the data tables, quality control measures were implemented to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. This included thorough verification of the source data with the QA layer, checking the range of validity for the data: VI values were filtered to be within the range between -0.2 and 1 to include vegetation which has positive values, bare soil, and water pixels. The valid daily ET(EVI2) range was from 0 to 800 mm per day. All pixels outside these expected ranges were discarded and replaced by fill values. When averaging the data from the Landsat pixels inside the 27 polygons for each time step, other descriptive statistics such as minimum, maximum, standard deviation, and the number of pixels with valid data were also computed to help assess the overall processing pipeline performance, detect outliers and noise caused by the removal of bad-quality pixels. However, these intermediate values are not included in the data. Process Date: 20250925 The actual data does match up with the details provided, and all values fall within the expected ranges. The data underwent QA/QC with tests run to ensure the integrity of the geospatial data. These data are reliable to the extent the underlying Landsat data is calibrated and validated as reported by the USGS. Derived VI and actual evapotranspiration (ET) values from these 16-day Landsat data inherit the same accuracy and reliability. The time series represents an average of all the Landsat pixels inside each of the selected 27 areas in the Colorado River Basin riparian corridors as a time step. Although this approach generates a reliable and representative value (of either VIs or ET) for each time step, it only captures the overall site dynamic. It is recommended to use the VI and ET values as average representative values of the whole sites and not representative of any specific section or fraction of the riparian corridors. VIs and ET are daily snapshot values which are generated every 16 days, when a Landsat image is available. These values capture the average measure for the whole 16-day period. Non-specialists should use reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and ET data as an indicator of water consumption by vegetation. ET values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. ETo values are the maximum amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time if there was sufficient water available. These data were derived from raster datasets with a spatial resolution of 30-m per pixel, the end user should consider if this is appropriate for their purposes as they are not representative for areas of smaller size. The raster data and shapefiles were projected to Albers Equal Area conical projection (+proj=aea +datum=WGS84 +lat_1=29.5 +lat_2=45.5 +lon_0=-96.0 +lat_0=23.0). The end user should make the necessary operations to utilize in a different projection, however, the meaning of the data values may lose its meaning when utilizing projection types other than equal area. The dataset represents time periods of 16-day and growing season (May 1-Oct 31) values for the 27 tamarisk sites in the geographic region in the Lower Colorado River Basin's riparian corridors. Arizona Meteorological Stations 20231231 1.0 tabular digital data https://cales.arizona.edu/azmet/02.htm Digital and/or Hardcopy 20130101 20231231 observed AZMET EVI and EVI2 were used to derive vegetation index based evapotranspiration data from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS C2 Level-2. Daily Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) data estimated with Penman-Monteith equation was taken from Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET) Stations Data and Reports (Raw Daily Data). U.S. Geological Survey 20231231 C2 remote-sensing image http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 20130101 20231231 observed LANDSAT These data were used to calculate NDVI, EVI, and EVI2, and ET. Thornton, P.E. Shrestha, R. Wei, Y. Kao, S. 20231231 tabular digital data Thornton, M.M., R. Shrestha, Y. Wei, P.E. Thornton, and S-C. Kao. 2022. Daymet: Monthly Climate Summaries on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2131 https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2131 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20130101 20231231 observed Daymet Used to calculate potential evapotranspiration The processing steps for creating vegetation indices (VIs) and actual evapotranspiration (ETa) time series are as follows: 1. Acquiring the red (R) and near infrared (NIR) bands for the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) mission from the U.S. Geological Survey (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/). The period was from 2013 to 2023, at 16-day time steps. From the spectral bands, EVI and EVI2 were determined. The corresponding scenes for the extent of Arizona were downloaded. All data was stored in GeoTIFF format. 2. Additionally, DAYMET daily weather data was acquired (Daily Surface Weather Data on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1) in netCDF-4 data format from 2013-2023 (daily) from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2129). ) Daymet weather data were use to calculate ETo from gridded temperature data using the Blaney-Criddle equation. 3. Daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) calculated with Penman-Monteith from the Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET) stations were downloaded (https://cales.arizona.edu/azmet/02.htm) and accumulated every 16 days to match Landsat overpass dates. 4. The red and the NIR bands from Landsat were used to calculate both EVI and EVI2 every 16 days. 5. The data processing pipeline began with mosaicking (stitching) the Landsat scenes to create a larger contiguous area. The mosaic was reprojected to the Albers Equal Area Conic projection, then tiled using the Landsat Analysis Ready Data (ARD) tiling grid format used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). 6. These datasets were resampled and reprojected to Albers Equal Area conical projection (+proj=aea +datum=WGS84 +lat_1=29.5 +lat_2=45.5 +lon_0=-96.0 +lat_0=23.0) and then tiled in the ARD tiling system. Data was saved in HDF4 format preserving the original spatial resolution of 30 m. 7. ETa was estimated with ETo from AZMET data with ETa values derived from EVI and EVI2 labeled as ET(EVI) and ET(EVI2) respectively. 8. ETa was also estimated with ETo from Daymet gridded weather data, with ETo values derived from temperature data and calculated using Blaney-Criddle ETo. 9. The ETa values were obtained in millimeters per day (mm/day). 10. NDVI, EVI, and EVI2 the values were kept as is. Process Date: 20261101 LANDSAT AZMET Daymet 2026 Dr. Kamel Didan University of Arizona Faculty Professor, Biosystem Engineering mailing and physical

Biosystem Engineering

Tucson Arizona 85721 USA 520-621-8514 didan@arizona.edu The processing steps for creating this table of the growing season (May 1st to October 31st) starts by using the values from the 16-day ET(EVI2) data (millimeters per day) and follows these steps: 1. For every year, a temporal filter was applied to keep only the 16-day values for the peak growing season which falls between May 1st to Oct 31st. Then these values were added up monthly to obtain a depth of ET in millimeters per month. These operations were carried out for every single LANDSAT pixel in the ARD tiles. 2. Next, a spatial filter was applied to keep only the pixels that are located inside the area of each of the 27 tamarisk-dominated riparian selected sites. This filtering was made with a polygon in shapefile format for each area. 3. Time series were extracted for the complete area of the tamarisk-dominated riparian site for each polygon area. 4. The final values are the result of adding up all the pixel values inside the polygons of each reach for the peak growing season (May 1st to Oct 30th) in every year. 5. For ET(EVI2) the values were averaged annually by peak growing season, filtering the values spatially within their corresponding polygon area. Process Date: 20250925 LANDSAT 20250925 ET(EVI2)_27_Sites_TamariskBeetle_2013-2023_GrowingSeason_SiteNo-Names.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Peak Growing Season (May 1 to October 31) by Year This attribute represents the date of image data capture by the Landsat sensor collected from 2014 to 2023. Producer Defined 2013 2023 ET(EVI2)_Site1_Little Colorado River at Holbrook This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 430.954416 564.961008 ET(EVI2)_Site2_Navajo Nation South This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 363.940624 464.580208 ET(EVI2)_Site3_Little Colorado R_East of Leupp This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 356.4988 599.274528 ET(EVI2)_Site4_Verde River N of FtMcDowell Yavapai NPWorks This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 787.486496 939.93768 ET(EVI2)_Site5_Verde River at Mesquite RA This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 842.277328 1029.671248 ET(EVI2)_Site6_Verde River North This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 695.4957919999999 801.974976 ET(EVI2)_Site7_Little Colorado River, East of Leupp This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 354.58176000000003 460.947488 ET(EVI2)_Site8_Leupp This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 350.731536 453.821488 ET(EVI2)_Site9_San Juan River at Mexican Hat This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 393.360656 443.867168 ET(EVI2)_Site10_San Juan River at Shiprock This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 322.21864 474.154544 ET(EVI2)_Site11_Navajo Springs, NM This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 354.048736 429.926272 ET(EVI2)_Site12_Little Colorado River, Moenkopi Wash This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 577.319296 712.9271679999999 ET(EVI2)_Site13_Upper Virgin River, Littlefield, Nevada This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 830.369152 988.350544 ET(EVI2)_Site14_Muddy River, Mormon Mesa, NV This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 641.742 773.753536 ET(EVI2)_Site15_Las Vegas Wash NV This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 763.759216 931.962656 ET(EVI2)_Site16_Colorado River, Lake Mojave, AZ This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 505.87216 630.327472 ET(EVI2)_Site17_Colorado River, Big Bend State Park, NV This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 463.505744 620.961744 ET(EVI2)_Site18_Colorado River at Topock Marsh This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 502.33672 798.05184 ET(EVI2)_Site19_Bill Williams R convergence w Colorado River This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 462.797952 1055.131984 ET(EVI2)_Site20_Lower Colorado River, Cibola NWR This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 589.37312 749.666416 ET(EVI2)_Site21_Lower Colorado River Mittry Lake This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 559.835152 996.119552 ET(EVI2)_Site22_Lower Colorado River Delta, Lower Reaches, Kidney in Mexico This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 581.64912 778.341648 ET(EVI2)_Site23_Gila River, Quiqley Wildlife Area This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 515.960976 714.323904 ET(EVI2)_Site24_Gila River, Wellton, AZ This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 700.41816 889.96672 ET(EVI2)_Site25_Gila River, S Kelvin Bridge to Kearney This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 573.346656 979.308528 ET(EVI2)_Site26_Salt River Convergence w Verde, AZ (Coon Bluff Recreation Area) This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 825.97328 968.23472 ET(EVI2)_Site27_Santa Cruz River @ Mavis Wash and Juan Bautista de Anza NHP This attribute in the data table represents Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values using Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) values. Actual Evapotranspiration (ET) values are the amount of water evaporated and transpired from soil, plants or the ecosystem to the atmosphere over a period of time. The period of time is the summer growing season determined for every year, computed by adding up the 16-day ET sums, in mm per day, during the peak growing season from May 1st to Oct 31st. Producer Defined 890.621536 1017.567072 These spatial and tabular data were compiled to have a decade-long record of the water usage in the riparian corridor and the wetlands near Phoenix, Arizona called the Tres Rios area to observe the effect of riparian and wetland health as characterized by vegetation greenness and its water use or evapotranspiration. These spatial and tabular data can be used for monitoring the health of riparian vegetation and water use trends from 2013 to 2024. Nagler, P.L., Jimenez-Hernandez, E., Barreto-Muñoz, A., and Didan, K. 2025. Estimates of plant water use needs for Tres Rios wetland and riparian corridor based on Landsat greenness and evapotranspiration time series from 2013-2024. U.S. Geological Survey DATA RELEASE, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1Z76FGW https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6824c165d4be0236b06af62e IP-179194 (Nagler, Data Release), U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center

Building 810

Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P142ZSGY None 20260313 Pamela Nagler USGS Southwest Biological Science Center Research Physical Scientist mailing and physical

520 N Park Ave

Tucson AZ 85719 USA 520-670-3357 pnagler@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999