J. William Lund Scott Hamshaw Grady Ball Se Jong Cho 20251119 .csv, .R, .Rmd St. Paul, MN U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P1492CKA 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex is the second child item of this Data Release and includes scripts that input data from 1_DataPrep and delineates events, calculates hysteresis indices among other variables, plots hysteresis loops, hydrographs, and climographs, and produces event summary files where events are classified using the 5, 7, and 9 Hysteresis Index - Concentration Index (HI-CI) methods. These scrips are modified from Millar et al., (2022) and Tang and Carey HydRun (2017) and users should reference these resources. The sub folder 1_HydRun_Millar_cQ_functions includes an .R script containing annotated functions for event separation, hysteresis indices calculations, and plotting as well as a .csv file containing a feature definition dictionary. 2_DRB and 3_IRB contain scripts for each site along with event summary and tuning parameter output. 4_EventSummary contains a script to organize and combine data for all sites along with the final output file (WQP_HI_EventSummary_Wiecz_Final.csv) that will be used in child items three and four. Additional information can be found in the "Entity and Attribute" section. This research aims to improve understanding of the complex sediment transport process and can lead to more informed inferences about sediment dynamics, hydrology, source, and in channel processes as well as improved predictions of sediment transport. Suspended sediment transport is critical to understanding future states of water quality and represents an important Integrated Water Science (IWS) basin effort. Delaware River Basin (DRB) and Illinois River Basin (IRB) are two of the IWS basins with a wide range of environmental, hydrologic, and landscape settings and human stressors of water resources. USGS stream gaging at 35 watersheds within these two regional Basins were selected to evaluate the storm events and the corresponding sediment and hydrodynamic observations. This data release includes Hydrograph separation and storm event delineation workflow was based on Tang and Carey, 2017 and the R package HydRun (https://github.com/codyalbertross/HydRun). Then using a workflow based on Millar and others (2022), rising and falling limb turbidity data were extracted for each event to calculate Hysteresis Indices (HI) and Concentration Indices (CI). Using the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile HI and the CI values for each event, we created a 5, 7, and 9-class classification method to help group similar HI patterns. R scripts were run on select sites in the Delaware and Illinois River Basins (DRB/IRB). This child item includes: 1_HydRun_Millar_cQ_functions (includes data dictionary and R script containing functions modified from HydRun and Millar codes). 2_DRB and 3_IRB (includes, for each site, R script and output table containing calculations of HI and CI and other storm metrics for delineated storm events, and tuning parameters for Hydrun and Millar code). 4_EventSummary (compilation of outputs of HydRun and Millar codes event delineation and storm metrics, along with landscape characteristics from Wieczoreck et al., 2024. 20070101 20231232 ground condition Complete None planned -92.3730 -71.5430 44.6530 36.3151 ISO 19115 Topic Category inlandWaters climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere geoscientificInformation environment None Machine Learning Daymet Principal Component Analysis Linear Discriminant Analysis USGS Thesaurus sediment transport turbidity datasets streamflow USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6827b289d4be02693eeabdeb Common geographic areas Illinois Indiana New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. These data are marked with a Creative Common CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. StaID field in CSV files has the potential to be impacted by leading zeros being dropped if opened in certain spreadsheet processing software or using certain programming libraries. X_StaID column is recommended to be used instead. John (William) Lund USGS - MIDCONTINENT REGION Hydrologist mailing and physical

1992 Folwell Ave

Upper Midwest Water Science Center - University of Minnesota

St. Paul MN 55108 763-272-8690 jlund@usgs.gov Verified that attribute values were within expected bounds. Verified that data values were consistent with the value ranges of the source data Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable U.S. Geological Survey 2019 application/service https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/ Digital 2025 publication date USGS StreamStats Tool for basin information U.S. Geological Survey 2016 application/service http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/ Digital 2016 publication date USGS NWIS Database for USGS water data Laura A DeCicco Robert M Hirsch David Lorenz David Watkins J Michael Johnson 2025 application/service https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/p9x4l3ge Digital 2025 publication date dataRetrieval Tool to download data from NWIS M.M. Thornton R. Shrestha Y. Wei P.E. Thornton S-C. Kao 2022 tabular digital data https://doi.org/10.3334/ornldaac/2129 Digital 2022 publication date Daymet 1 kilometer gridded daily climate data McManamay, R. DeRolph, C. 2019 publication https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2019.17 Digital 2019 publication date US SCS River size class and other basin information Gregory E Schwarz Shannon E. Jackson Michael E Wieczorek Andrew J Sekellick Leah E Staub 20181002 Dataset https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/f7765d7v Digital 2025 publication date NHD Attributes Select Basin attributes that describe land use and land cover David Millar Anthony Buda Jonathan Duncan Casey Kennedy 202201 publication Wiley Online Library Hydrological Processes 36, e14456 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14456 Digital 2022 publication date Millar et al., 2022 Open source work flow for calculating hysteresis indices Weigang Tang Sean K. Carey 201703 publication Wiley Online Library Hydrological Processes. 31, 2670–2682 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11185 Digital 2017 publication date HydRun Automated hydrograph analysis for event separation Cody Ross 2021 application/service https://github.com/codyalbertross/HydRun/ Digital 2021 publication date HydRun gitlab Hydrun in R code repository for Automated hydrograph analysis for event separation Modified HydRun (Tang & Carey, 2017) and Millar et al. (2022) functions. Modifications include code to merge the data formats from HydRun to Millar, enable the script to run over common gaps in the time-series, code to calculate hysteresis index (HI) at the 25th, 50th, and 75th values, calculate the concentration index (CI), calculate additional antecedent values, and event summary plots that show Daymet climate data, streamflow, turbidity, and delineated HI loops for each event. Additional details can be found in the annotated script HydRun_Millar_functions_Final.R and HI_EventSummary_FeatureDictionary.csv. 20240930 John (William) Lund USGS - MIDCONTINENT REGION Hydrologist mailing and physical

1992 Folwell Ave

Upper Midwest Water Science Center - University of Minnesota

St. Paul MN 55108 763-272-8690 jlund@usgs.gov 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\1_HydRun_Millar_cQ_functions\HydRun_Millar_functions_Final.R R script with functions for delineating events, calculating HI at the 25th, 50th, and 75th values, CI, and other antecedent values related to streamflow and climate variables. Additional functions plot HI loops along with streamflow, turbidity, and precipitation data .These functions are inputs to site specific .Rmd scripts in HI_[StaID].Rmd U.S. Geological Survey 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\1_HydRun_Millar_cQ_functions\HI_EventSummary_FeatureDictionary.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing descriptions of feature variables created in HydRun_Millar_functions_Final.R U.S. Geological Survey Final_Name Name of feature variable created for each event from HydRun_Millar_functions_Final.R script U.S. Geological Survey See Column Definition Units Units of feature variable U.S. Geological Survey See Column Definition Description Description of feature variable U.S. Geological Survey See Column Definition 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\2_DRB\HI_[StaID].Rmd Annotated R markdown script for each Delaware (DRB) site used in this project. This script inputs functions from HydRun_Millar_functions_Final.R, streamflow and turbidity time-series from 1_DataPrep\2_Streamflow_Turbidity_Timeseries\2_Streamflow_Features\Output, and climate time-series from 1_DataPrep\3_Daymet_Timeseries\2_Daymet_FeatureEngineering\Output. Users manually select tuning parameters for event delineation based on Hydrun (Tang & Carey, 2017) and Millar et al. (2022). Script outputs Hysteresis loops, summary plots, summary data files, and tuning parameters. U.S. Geological Survey 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\2_IRB\HI_[StaID].Rmd Annotated R markdown script for each Illinois (IRB) site used in this project. This script inputs functions from HydRun_Millar_functions_Final.R, streamflow and turbidity time-series from 1_DataPrep\2_Streamflow_Turbidity_Timeseries\2_Streamflow_Features\Output, and climate time-series from 1_DataPrep\3_Daymet_Timeseries\2_Daymet_FeatureEngineering\Output. Users manually select tuning parameters for event delineation based on Hydrun (Tang & Carey, 2017) and Millar et al. (2022). Script outputs Hysteresis loops, summary plots, summary data files, and tuning parameters. U.S. Geological Survey 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\2_DRB\OutputData\Event_Summary_Site\Event_Summary_v6_[StaID].csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file with event summary information for each site. This file is output from HI_[StaID].Rmd. Use (2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\1_HydRun_Millar_cQ_functions\HI_EventSummary_FeatureDictionary.csv) for description of columns. U.S. Geological Survey 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\2_DRB\OutputData\Tuning_Parameters\Tuning_params_[StaID].csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing site specific tuning parameters used in HI_[StaID].Rmd. Based on HydRun (Tang & Carey, 2017) and Millar et al., (2022). U.S. Geological Survey StaID Station ID number for the site Producer Defined See Column Definition StaID2 Station ID number for the site if there are more that one sensor Producer Defined See Column Definition filter Filter coefficient Producer Defined See Column Definition bfSepPasses Baseflow separation passes Producer Defined See Column Definition rollingwindow Size of rolling window Producer Defined See Column Definition SmoothPasses Number of smoothing passes Producer Defined See Column Definition min_diff Minimum difference of stormflow and baseflow to remove small events Producer Defined See Column Definition return_ratio Return ratio used for determining end of event Producer Defined 0.2 0.2 b_slope Slope of rise filter Producer Defined See Column Definition e_slope Slope of fall filter Producer Defined See Column Definition min_dur Minimum duration of event Producer Defined See Column Definition dyslp Dynamic slope Producer Defined See Column Definition percent_Q_NA Percent of missing streamflow data used to remove bad events Producer Defined See Column Definition percent_conc_NA Percent of missing turbidity data used to remove bad events Producer Defined See Column Definition sf Scale factor used for plotting streamflow and turbidity on the same y-axis Producer Defined See Column Definition date_scale date scale for plotting Producer Defined See Column Definition date_breaks date scale for plotting Producer Defined See Column Definition timestep_min Time step for timeseries data Producer Defined See Column Definition minDuration_hrs Minimum duration of event allowed in hours Producer Defined See Column Definition maxDuration_hrs Maximum duration of event allowed in hours Producer Defined See Column Definition plot_date_breaks Plot date breaks used for plotting Producer Defined See Column Definition 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\4_EventSummary\HI method_Summary.Rmd Annotated event summary script to remove noisy and poor events, classify events into 5, 7, or 9 classes, and merge event summary files for all sites with basin characteristic files from 1_DataPrep\4_Basin_Shape_Stats and 1_DataPrep\5_Basin_Characteristics U.S. Geological Survey 2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\4_EventSummary\Output\WQP_HI_EventSummary_Wiecz_Final.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing output from HI method_Summary.Rmd. Use (2_EventSeparation_HysteresisIndex\1_HydRun_Millar_cQ_functions\HI_EventSummary_FeatureDictionary.csv) and all entries to the "Entity and Attribute" section of child item two (1_DataPrep) for description of columns. This file is used as inputs to child item three and four (3_Hysteresis_PCA_LDA and 4_Hysteresis_ML). U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center

Building 810

Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P1492CKA None 20251119 John (William) Lund USGS - MIDCONTINENT REGION Hydrologist mailing and physical

1992 Folwell Ave

Upper Midwest Water Science Center - University of Minnesota

St. Paul MN 55108 763-272-8690 jlund@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998