Diefenbach, Duane R. Casalena, Mary Jo Dye, Michael Long, Robert. C. Martin, Katherine Muthersbaugh, Michael Peters, Michael, L. Sloan, James Stiller, Joshua Wiley, Mark 20250506 tabular digital data https://doi.org/10.5066/P14NKUY2 R code to analyze these data to estimate proportion of hens with poults and poults per brood, and estimate temporal trends in proportion of hens with poults is available at https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VYTVN. The state wildlife agencies in Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia collected observations of wild turkeys during June-August, 2000-2023. Observers recorded the number of males, hens, and poults. Monitor reproduction information of wild turkey populations 20000101 20231231 ground condition Complete None planned Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia -85.1660 -72.5977 44.8403 36.3859 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota None wild turkey Meleagris gallopavo summer sighting survey USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:67e53f3bd34ee7f142217aa5 None Maryland New Jersey New York Ohio Pennsylvania Virginia West Virginia None Wild Turkey Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Aves Order Galliformes Family Phasianidae Genus Meleagris Species Meleagris gallopavo TSN: 176136 No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. These data are marked with a Creative Common CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Duane R Diefenbach USGS - ECOSYSTEMS Unit Leader Research Wildlife Biologist mailing and physical

PA COOP Fw Res Unit,Forest Resources Building

State College PA 16802 814-865-4511 drd11@usgs.gov I excluded observations when >25% of the turkeys could not be identified to age or sex, ≥8 hens were observed with no poults, poults were observed with no hens, the poult:hen ratio was >16 Duplication or omission of data cannot be verified of these data. Observations were collected in Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia State wildlife agencies conducted wild turkey production surveys during summer. Their timing varied among states and years, such that data were collected sometime during June–September. Opportunistic sightings of a wild turkey, or group of turkeys, during the survey period were recorded with each sighting event treated as an observation. At a minimum, observers recorded date, county, number of hens observed, number of poults observed, number of males observed, number of turkeys that could not be identified to sex or age, and whether the observer believed they previously recorded the turkeys observed. Maryland, New York, and Virginia instructed observers not to record observations of turkeys that they believed were previously recorded. A definition of a repeat observation was not provided to observers and repeat observations were not linked to previous observations in the database. All states recorded the wildlife management unit where the observation occurred. In addition, some states recorded physiographic province (West Virginia), county and township (Pennsylvania and Virginia), and latitude and longitude (New Jersey, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania). Observers were state wildlife agency personnel and the public, except only agency personnel and cooperators provided observations in West Virginia and Virginia. All states followed the National Wild Turkey Federation (NWTF) Technical Committee (2019) protocol after 2019, except New York only collected observations during August. The NWTF protocol was similar to what was described heretofore but restricted observations to July and August and excluded observations when >25% of the turkeys could not be identified to age or sex, ≥8 hens were observed with no poults, poults were observed with no hens, the poult:hen ratio was >16, and observations were reported to be of turkeys that were previously recorded. National Wild Turkey Federation Technical Committee. 2019. A standardized protocol for conducting wild turkey brood surveys. Edgefield, South Carolina, USA. 20250323 HWPandPPBdata.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Date Date Producer Defined Date in YYYY-MM-DD format Hens Number of hens observed Producer Defined 1 80 Poults Number of poults observed Producer Defined 0 90 State State Producer Defined MD Maryland Producer defined NJ New Jersey Producer defined NY New York Producer defined OH Ohio Producer defined PA Pennsylvania Producer defined VA Virginia Producer defined WV West Virginia Producer defined Seen.Before Whether the observation was a repeat observation of the group of turkeys Producer Defined N No Producer defined Y Yes Producer defined PHratio Number of poults observed divided by the number of hens observed. Observations of poults without hens were excluded. Producer Defined 0.0 16.0 HWP Whether poults were present when a hen(s) was observed (=1; 0 otherwise). Producer Defined 0 1 MU Wildlife management unit, group of management units, or physiographic region where observation occurred. Producer Defined Each state wildlife agency managed wild turkey harvest based on wildlife management unit (MU) boundaries that were defined using political or some combination of physiographic and political boundaries. For most states, we consolidated MUs into larger units that likely had similar turkey population characteristics and ensured sufficient sample sizes by MU. We used the 5 MUs Maryland and Ohio themselves delineated for wild turkey. New York has 23 MUs for wild turkey that we consolidated into 4 units based on physiographic regions and similar wild turkey population characteristics, except we excluded the western portion of Long Island that included New York City. For Pennsylvania, we consolidated 22 MUs into 10 units with similar turkey population densities. New Jersey has 18 MUs, which we consolidated into 3 units with similar landscape and turkey population characteristics for. Both Virginia and West Virginia used counties as their MUs so we consolidated data into 4 physiographic regions in West Virginia and 5 physiographic regions in Virginia. doy.scale Calendar day (1-365) normalized Producer Defined -3.33432594130862 2.29772845390599 doy.2 doy.scale squared Producer Defined 3.5121724877699e-05 11.1177294828836 MultiStateHWP.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined State State where observation occurred Producer Defined PA Pennsylvania Producer defined NY New York Producer defined NJ New Jersey Producer defined MU Wildlife Management Unit Producer Defined PA2 PA management unit Producer defined PA7 PA management unit Producer defined PA3 PA management unit Producer defined PA10 PA management unit Producer defined PA9 PA management unit Producer defined PA6 PA management unit Producer defined PA1 PA management unit Producer defined PA4 PA management unit Producer defined PA5 PA management unit Producer defined PA8 PA management unit Producer defined NYLong Island NY management unit Producer defined NYSouth NY management unit Producer defined NYNorth NY management unit Producer defined NYWest NY management unit Producer defined NJCentral NJ management unit Producer defined NJSouth NJ management unit Producer defined NJNorth NJ management unit Producer defined Date Date Producer Defined Date in YYYYY-MM-DD format Hens Number of hens observed Producer Defined 1 40 Poults Number of poults observed Producer Defined 0 80 HWP Whether poults were present when a hen(s) was observed. Producer Defined 0 1 doy Calendar day (1-365) Producer Defined 152 273 TrendOH.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Year Year observation occurred Producer Defined 10 15 MU Wildlife management unit where observation occurred Producer Defined 1 5 HWP Whether poults were present when a hen(s) was observed Producer Defined 0 1 develop.1km Proportion of area within 1 km of the observation that was developed (square root-arcsin transformed) Producer Defined NA No Data Producer defined 0.0 1.2533141373155 doy.scale Calendar day of year normalized Producer Defined -1.75432225506287 2.07514389211296 doy.2 doy.scale squared Producer Defined 3.70602083326295e-05 4.30622217297371 U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing address

Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P14NKUY2 None 20250506 Duane R Diefenbach USGS - ECOSYSTEMS Unit Leader Research Wildlife Biologist mailing and physical

PA COOP Fw Res Unit,Forest Resources Building

State College PA 16802 814-865-4511 drd11@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999