Jeffrey R. Irwin Jeffrey J. Danielson Dean B. Gesch Monica Palaseanu-Lovejoy 20250521 vector digital data Online (digital release) U.S. Geological Survey Jeffrey R. Irwin ORCiD 0000-0001-5828-0787 Jeffrey J. Danielson ORCiD 0000-0003-0907-034X Dean B. Gesch ORCID: 0000-0002-8992-4933 Monica Palaseanu-Lovejoy ORCID: 0000-0002-3786-5118 https://doi.org/10.5066/P1QACNGF U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists conducted field data collection efforts between April 27 and May 2, 2023, at four sites (Fort Zachary Taylor Historic State Park, Bahia Honda State Park, Curry Hammond State Park, and Long Key State Park), in the Florida Keys using high accuracy surveying technologies. Wadded Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) points and single beam sonar from an uncrewed surface vessel (USV) were collected to compare against Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) produced from different algorithms and imagery sources. Evaluating the SDB data will provide valuable information on the performance of the various SDB methods being tested. Additionally, these data will provide validation data for broader regional topobathymetric digital elevation model (TBDEM) assessments in Florida. The data contained within this particular data release are comprised of GNSS and sonar points. The USGS Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Project is actively developing and testing different methods to produce bathymetric information from satellite imagery, this is known as Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB). The methods being evaluated by CoNED include Satellite Triangulated Sea Depth Bathymetry Module (SaTSeaD) for high-resolution stereo imagery (Palaseanu-Lovejoy, et al. 2023) and physics-based algorithms developed using Landsat Imagery (Kim, et al. 2024), as well as the band ratio approach updated by Viaña-Borja, González-Villanueva, Alejo, Stumpf, Navarro and Caballero (2025), which is the foundation for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) SatBathy Tool. The advantage that SaTSeaD and the physics-based methods have over the band ratio approach is that neither SaTSeaD nor the physics-based method require external calibration data, whereas the band ratio approach does. Results from SaTSeaD and the physics-based approach can, however, be improved with calibration data. The high-accuracy validation data collected with GNSS and sonar published in this data release will be used to assess all of these methods and determine how each of them performs in Florida Keys nearshore littoral zone. The CoNED project is also developing a regional 1-meter integrated TBDEM for statewide Florida from best available topography and bathymetry sources to support flood inundation hazards and hydrodynamic modeling. Field data from this project will be used in the regional CoNED TBDEM accuracy assessment. References Kim, Minsu, Jeff Danielson, Curt Storlazzi, and Seonkyung Park. 2024. "Physics-Based Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) Using Landsat OLI Images" Remote Sensing 16, no. 5: 843. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16050843 Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica, Oleg Alexandrov, Jeff Danielson, and Curt Storlazzi. 2023. "SaTSeaD: Satellite Triangulated Sea Depth Open-Source Bathymetry Module for NASA Ames Stereo Pipeline" Remote Sensing 15, no. 16: 3950. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15163950 S.P. Viaña-Borja, R. González-Villanueva, I. Alejo, R.P. Stumpf, G. Navarro, and I. Caballero. 2025. “Satellite-derived bathymetry using Sentinel-2 in mesotidal coasts”, Coastal Engineering, Volume 195, 2025, 104644, ISSN 0378-3839, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104644. The data obtained through ScienceBase at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6793aec6d34e88f5864c5145 are considered the "best available" data from the USGS. For questions on distribution, please refer to the Distribution Section, Contact Information. For processing, please refer to the Data Quality Section, Processing Step, Contact Information. Coordinate System: EPSG:6346 Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 17 North North American Datum 1983 (2011) (NAD83 (2011)) North American Vertical Datum 1988 (NAVD88) Geoid 18 Horizontal coordinates are provided as northings and eastings and are in meters. Vertical coordinates (elevations) are provided as orthometric heights and are in meters. For usability, Esri ArcGIS 10.8.1 Suite, Esri ArcGIS Pro 3.1 Suite, Global Mapper, Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL), QGIS, or equivalent GIS processing software and supporting operating systems are suggested for viewing the data. 20230427 20230502 ground condition Complete None planned -81.8123 -80.8265 24.8112 24.5445 ISO 19115 Topic Category elevation geoscientificInformation location oceans None Coastal National Elevation Database CoNED U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Satellite Derived Bathymetry SDB Topography Bathymetry Topobathymetry Topobathy Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS Sonar Single Beam Sonar Single Beam Echo Sounder SBES Elevation Subsurface Elevation USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6793aec6d34e88f5864c5145 None Florida Keys State of Florida Bahia Honda State Park Curry Hammock State Park Fort Zachary Taylor Historic State Park Long Key State Park Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Jeffrey R Irwin U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center Geographer mailing and physical

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Sioux Falls SD 57198 United States 605-594-2731 605-594-6529 jrirwin@usgs.gov Please refer to the Data Quality Section, Source Citations for original source data information. Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows10 Enterprise Version 10.0.19045 Build 19045 Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Trimble R10-2 GNSS Horizontal Data Accuracy = ±8 mm plus 1 part per million (ppm) root mean square (RMS). Trimble R12 GNSS Horizontal Data Accuracy = ±8 mm plus 1 ppm RMS. Trimble R8-3 GNSS Horizontal Data Accuracy = ±10 mm plus 1 ppm RMS. Trimble R10-2 GNSS Vertical Data Accuracy = ±15 mm plus 1 part per million (ppm) root mean square (RMS). Trimble R12 GNSS Vertical Data Accuracy = ±15 mm plus 1 ppm RMS. Trimble R8-3 GNSS Vertical Data Accuracy = ±20 mm plus 1 ppm RMS. Airmar EchoRange SS510 Single Beam Echo Sounder Depth Accuracy = 99.46% at full range. GNSS Data: GNSS point data were collected with real- time kinematic (RTK) surveying methods using a Trimble R10-2 base station with an external radio in combination with two Trimble R10-2 rovers, and a Trimble R12 rover in UTM NAD83 (2011) NAVD88 Geoid 18 coordinates. Base station positional data were downloaded from the base station and converted to the Receiver Independent Exchange Format (RINEX) format. Post processing of the base station data was performed using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) using the Static Survey protocol at least sixteen days following acquisition. OPUS provides a corrected set of base station coordinates in the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) by comparing the base station observations to nearby Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) observations and correcting the coordinates after precise GNSS satellite orbits are known. The final base station coordinates were used to update the coordinates of the other GNSS survey points using Trimble Business Center version 2023.10 CAD software (TBC). GNSS points were exported to a shapefile. 20230626 Single Beam Echo Sounder Data: Single Beam Echo Sounder (SBES) data were collected using a Teledyne Marine Z-Boat 1250 equipped with an Airmar SS510 single frequency SBES. A Trimble R8-3 GNSS antenna, positioned directly above the Airmar SS510, coupled with a Trimble R10-2 base station provided positional information via RTK methods (base station data processing is described in Step 1). National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) 0183 data streams from the Trimble R8-3 and Airmar SS510 were passed through the Z-Boat 1250's power and telemetry module and broadcast to a rugged field computer via a Bluetooth frequency. HYPACK 2022 hydrographic surveying software was used to log the raw position and depth data. SBES data were processed using HYPACK 2022. The raw log files were loaded in the Single Beam Editor (64 bit) module. The HYPACK Raw File Adjustments tool was used to attach positional information to the SBES soundings. Soundings were filtered for GNSS positions that were not Fixed as well as soundings that were not deeper than 0.4 m (the SBES's upper depth reading limit). Individual log files were then visually inspected in the Profile Window and soundings that appeared to be noise were manually removed. Following cleanup, the soundings were exported to a text file with the following information: Record Number, GPS Latitude, GPS Longitude, GPS Elevation, Corrected Depth, Time, and GPS Mode. The text file was imported into Microsoft Excel and the elevation of the transducer was calculated from the GPS elevation (GPS elevation minus the vertical offset between the GNSS antenna and the transducer) and the bottom elevation was calculated by subtracting the corrected depth from the transducer elevation. The columns for GPS Elevation, Corrected Depth, Transducer Elevation, and GPS Mode were then deleted, leaving Record Number, GPS Latitude, GPS Longitude, Bottom Elevation, and Time. The updated spreadsheet was saved as a Comma Separated Values (CSV) file and imported into TBC using the Point, Latitude, Longitude, Height, Code (Global) format. The coordinate system was changed from the geographic coordinate system to a projected UTM NAD83 (2011) NAVD88 Geoid 18 coordinate system with northings, eastings, and orthometric heights in meters. The SBES points were exported from TBC as an Excel spreadsheet. The spreadsheet was converted to a CSV to remove the Trimble formating. The post processed GNSS offsets determined from processing the GNSS base station data through OPUS (see Step 1) were used to correct the northings, eastings, and orthometric heights of the SBES points in the CSV file. The CSV file with the corrected northings, eastings, and elevations was then imported into TBC using the Point, Northing, Easting, Elevation, Code (Unknown) format. The correct coordinate system was set in TBC and the SBES points were exported to a shapefile. 20240702 Vector Point Universal Transverse Mercator 17 0.9996 -81.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.001 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Bahia_Honda_SP_GNSS_Points.shp Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Name Point Number Producer Defined Point Number FeatureCod A description code for the survey point Producer Defined A description code for the point. See the data dictionary for a further explanation of each feature code. Easting UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 471857.521959 472388.684 meters Northing UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 2726796.576365 2727470.839 meters Elevation Orthometric height in meters Producer Defined -1.432788 2.137243 meters Bahia_Honda_SP_Sonar_Points.shp Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Name Point Number Producer Defined Point Number Easting UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 471902.494 472146.684 meters Northing UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 2726787.11 2727425.779 meters Elevation Orthometric height in meters Producer Defined -2.207 -0.349 meters Curry_Hammock_SP_GNSS_Points.shp Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Name Point Number Producer Defined Point Number FeatureCod A description code for the survey point Producer Defined A description code for the point. See the data dictionary for a further explanation of each feature code. Easting UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 501581.240294 502031.074666 meters Northing UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 2736032.69752 2736318.948713 meters Elevation Orthometric height in meters Producer Defined -1.455409 1.368674 meters Fort_Zachary_Taylor_HSP_GNSS_Points.shp Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Name Point Number Producer Defined Point Number FeatureCod A description code for the survey point Producer Defined A description code for the point. See the data dictionary for a further explanation of each feature code. Easting UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 417738.152689 418136.695475 meters Northing UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 2714822.918393 2715344.745118 meters Elevation Orthometric height in meters Producer Defined -1.122101 2.884364 meters Fort_Zachary_Taylor_HSP_Sonar_Points.shp Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Name Point Number Producer Defined Point Number Easting UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 417727.76 418118.619 meters Northing UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 2714759.147 2714889.281 meters Elevation Orthometric height in meters Producer Defined -4.375 -0.215 meters Long_Key_SP_GNSS_Points.shp Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Name Point Number Producer Defined Point Number FeatureCod A description code for the survey point Producer Defined A description code for the point. See the data dictionary for a further explanation of each feature code. Easting UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 517069.393 517530.643739 meters Northing UTM coordinate in meters Producer Defined 2743683.093867 2744059.106037 meters Elevation Orthometric height in meters Producer Defined -1.756017 0.997623 meters GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P1QACNGF None 20250801 USGS EROS Center Customer Service Representative mailing and physical

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Sioux Falls SD 57198-0001 US 1-800-252-4547 605-594-6589 custserv@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998