Ross K. Hinderer Lisa Eby 20241216 spreadsheet Sciencebase U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Ross K. Hinderer (0000-0001-8920-8315) University Of Montana Lisa Eby (Unversity of Montana) https://doi.org/10.5066/P1UMVKOB Amphibians are thought to be vulnerable to the effects of climate change, but often they are understudied. This makes assessing the potential vulnerability of amphibians to climate change difficult. We designed a study to evaluate potential vulnerability of amphibians to climate change based on their exposure to drying effects (evapotranspiration deficit), along with their sensitivity to increased drying and capacity to adapt to this change. We used a climate change vulnerability assessment framework to score relative vulnerability of amphibian species to climate change in the north-central United States based on both climate projections, life history traits, and other species characteristics. Sensitivity and adaptive capacity metrics were made up of both life history traits and characteristics of a species' environment, such as habitat breadth. This spreadsheet contains life history trait values and species characteristics for 31 species of amphibians, compiled from 8 different data sources. All species are listed as Species of Greatest Conservation Need in at least one of 7 states in the North Central United States: Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas. These data were assembled to perform climate change vulnerability assessments of the 31 amphibian species, both across the north central region and within individual US states. We incorporated information from this spreadsheet (species life history traits and other characteristics), along with climate projections of evapotranspiration deficit change, to score relative vulnerability of the 31 amphibians. Associated R code is for scoring relative vulnerability, where overall score is a product of exposure to climate change times sensitivity to that change, minus adaptive capacity of each species. All information in this dataset was compiled from other sources and represents no new data collected by the authors. 20230830 publication date Complete None planned North America -116.0596 -94.3945 49.0091 36.7741 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota None life history USGS Thesaurus climate change amphibians USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6706a301d34ef5df0d80295f None rocky mountains Common geographic areas United States None Dicamptodon aterrimus Eurycea spelaea Eurycea lucifuga Eurycea longicauda Gastrophryne carolinensis Pseudacris streckeri Lithobates areolatus Anaxyrus baxteri Necturus maculosus Anaxyrus debilis Rana luteiventris Lithobates clamitans Hyla chrysoscelis Acris blanchardi Spea intermontana Spea bombifrons Gastrophryne olivacea Scaphiopus couchii Anaxyrus hemiophrys Ambystoma mavortium Lithobates blairi Pseudacris crucifer Lithobates sylvaticus Anaxyrus americanus Anaxyrus punctatus Lithobates pipiens Hyla arenicolor Anaxyrus cognatus Anaxyrus boreas Ambystoma texanum Notophthalmus viridescens Kingdom Animalia animals Subkingdom Bilateria triploblasts Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata chordates Subphylum Vertebrata vertebrates Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Amphibia Amphibians Order Caudata Salamanders Family Ambystomatidae Mole Salamanders Genus Dicamptodon Pacific Giant Salamanders Species Dicamptodon aterrimus Idaho Giant Salamander TSN: 173741 Genus Ambystoma Mole Salamanders Species Ambystoma mavortium Barred Tiger Salamander Western Tiger Salamander TSN: 668193 Family Plethodontidae Lungless Salamanders Subfamily Hemidactyliinae Genus Eurycea Brook Salamanders Species Eurycea spelaea Grotto Salamander TSN: 668292 Species Eurycea lucifuga Cave Salamander TSN: 173691 Species Eurycea longicauda Long-tailed Salamander TSN: 173687 Family Proteidae Genus Necturus Mudpuppies Waterdogs Species Necturus maculosus Mudpuppy TSN: 173630 Order Anura Frogs Toads Family Microhylidae Microhylids Microhylid Frogs Subfamily Gastrophryninae Genus Gastrophryne North American Narrow-mouthed Toads Narrow-mouthed Toads Species Gastrophryne carolinensis Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad TSN: 173467 Species Gastrophryne olivacea Great Plains Narrow-mouthed Toad Western Narrow-mouthed Toad TSN: 173468 Family Hylidae Hylids New World Tree Frogs Treefrogs Hylid Frogs Subfamily Acridinae Genus Pseudacris Chorus Frogs Spring Peepers Species Pseudacris streckeri Strecker's Chorus Frog TSN: 173532 Genus Acris Cricket Frogs Species Acris blanchardi Blanchard's Cricket Frog TSN: 774220 Subfamily Hylinae Genus Dryophytes Species Dryophytes chrysoscelis Cope's Gray Treefrog Species Dryophytes arenicolor Canyon Treefrog Family Ranidae Genus Lithobates American Water Frogs Species Lithobates areolatus Crawfish Frog TSN: 775078 Species Lithobates clamitans Green Frog TSN: 775087 Species Lithobates blairi Plains Leopard Frog TSN: 775080 Species Lithobates sylvaticus Wood Frog TSN: 775117 Species Lithobates pipiens Northern Leopard Frog TSN: 775108 Genus Rana True Frogs Brown Frogs Species Rana luteiventris Columbia Spotted Frog TSN: 550546 Family Bufonidae Bufonids Toads Genus Anaxyrus North American Toads Species Anaxyrus baxteri Wyoming Toad TSN: 773512 Species Anaxyrus debilis Green Toad Chihuahuan Green Toad Eastern Green Toad TSN: 773518 Species Anaxyrus hemiophrys Canadian Toad TSN: 773521 Species Anaxyrus boreas Western Toad Species Anaxyrus americanus American Toad TSN: 773511 Species Anaxyrus punctatus Red-spotted Toad TSN: 773527 Species Anaxyrus cognatus Great Plains Toad TSN: 773516 Family Scaphiopodidae Genus Spea Western Spadefoots Species Spea intermontana Great Basin Spadefoot TSN: 206991 Species Spea bombifrons Plains Spadefoot TSN: 206989 Genus Scaphiopus North American Spadefoots Species Scaphiopus couchii Couch's Spadefoot TSN: 173429 No data access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. No data use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Ross Hinderer mailing and physical

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Missoula MT 59801 9374089836 ross.hinderer@umconnect.umt.edu USGS North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center No tests were performed to check the accuracy of these data. In cases where data were missing from one source, they were found in other sources. Actual data matches details provided. Information in this dataset often represents maximum values of life history traits, and in some cases is based on very few or single observations. Brunno Freire Oliveira Vinícius Avelar São-Pedro Georgina Santos-Barrera Caterina Penone Gabriel C. Costa 20170905 publication Scientific Data vol. 4, issue 1 n/a Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.123 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20170905 publication date Oliveira et al. 2017 Life history trait values of amphibians James W. Petranka 19980101 publication Digital and/or Hardcopy 19980101 publication date Petranka 1998 Life history trait values of amphibians Kenneth C. Dodd 20130101 publication Digital and/or Hardcopy 20130101 publication date Dodd 2013a Life history trait values of amphibians Kenneth C. Dodd 20130101 publication Digital and/or Hardcopy 20130101 publication date Dodd 2013b Life history trait values of amphibians Geoffrey A. Hammerson 19990101 publication Digital and/or Hardcopy 19990101 publication date Hammerson 1999 Life history trait values of amphibians Michael Lannoo (ed) 20050101 publication Digital and/or Hardcopy 20050101 publication date Lannoo 2005 Life history trait values of amphibians AmphibiaWeb 20080101 publication https://amphibiaweb.org/species/1060 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20080101 publication date AmphibiaWeb 2008 Life history trait values of amphibians Wyoming Game and Fish Department 20170101 publication Digital and/or Hardcopy 20170101 publication date Wyoming Game and Fish Department 2017 Life history trait values of amphibians The information in this dataset was compiled from 8 separate sources, available either in online repositories or printed books (Oliveira et al. 2017, Petranka 1998, Dodd 2013a, Dodd 2013b, Hammerson 1999, Lannoo 2005, AmphibiaWeb 2008, Wyoming Game and Fish Department 2017). We used Oliveira et al. as the dataset template, as the characteristics contained in that source are thought to be important traits predicting aspects of amphibian life history, and are collected from a large number of primary sources (summarized in Oliveira et al. 2017). We filled missing data in Oliveira's trait database using the other sources where possible. After thorough search of these general sources, we searched the primary literature for other missing trait values, though we found no new information in primary literature that was not contained in the cited sources. After filling in missing values in the Oliveira database, we limited our analysis to traits that had complete information for all species the study, and were theoretically linked to climate change vulnerability based on previously published work or general life history theory. Oliveira et al. 2017 Petranka 1998 Dodd 2013a Dodd 2013b Hammerson 1999 Lannoo 2005 AmphibiaWeb 2008 Wyoming Game and Fish Department 2017 20210801 Hinderer_CCVA_traits.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Common_name Common name of the species Producer Defined Common name of the species Scientific_Name Scientific name of the species Producer Defined scientific name of the species States_listed States where the species is listed as SGCN Producer Defined 2-letter US state postal codes Order Order of the species (scientific classification) Producer Defined Order of the species Family Family of the species (scientific classification) Producer Defined Family of the species Genus Genus of the species (scientific classification) Producer Defined Genus of the species Fos_Cave Primarily fossorial or cave dwelling Producer Defined 1 Primarily fossorial or cave dwelling Producer defined 0 Not primarily fossorial or cave dwelling Producer defined Ter Primarily terrestrial dwelling Producer Defined 1 primarily terrestrial dwelling Producer defined 0 not primarily terrestrial dwelling Producer defined Aqu Primarily aquatic dwelling Producer Defined 0 not Primarily aquatic dwelling Producer defined 1 Primarily aquatic dwelling Producer defined Diu active diurnally Producer Defined 0 Not active diurnally Producer defined 1 active diurnally Producer defined Noc Active nocturnally Producer Defined 1 Active nocturnally Producer defined 0 Not Active nocturnally Producer defined Crepu Active at crepuscular times Producer Defined 1 Active at crepuscular times Producer defined 0 not Active at crepuscular times Producer defined Age_at_maturity_min_y Minimum age at maturity, in years Producer Defined 0.5 6.0 years Body_size_mm Maximum body size in mm Producer Defined 37.0 486.0 mm Litter_size_max_n Maximum litter size Producer Defined 13 45054 eggs Breeding_hab_perennial Uses perennial water sources for breeding Producer Defined 1 Uses perennial water sources for breeding Producer defined 0 Does not use perennial water sources for breeding Producer defined Breeding_hab_ephemeral Uses ephemeral water sources for breeding Producer Defined 1 Uses ephemeral water sources for breeding Producer defined 0 Does not use ephemeral water sources for breeding Producer defined Hab_specificity_ecoregns Number of EPA level 3 ecoregions occupied by the species across its entire range Producer Defined 2 99 Refs References where trait information was found Producer Defined 1, 4 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 4: Dodd, C. Kenneth. 2013. Frogs of the United States and Canada, Volume 1. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland. Producer defined 1, 4, 6 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 4: Dodd, C. Kenneth. 2013. Frogs of the United States and Canada, Volume 1. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland. 6: Lannoo, Michael (ed.). Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. University of California Press. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California. Producer defined 1, 5, 6 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 5: Hammerson, Geoffrey A. 1999. Amphibians and Reptiles in Colorado. 2nd Ed. Colorado Division of Wildlife Publication, University Press of Colorado, Niwot, Colorado 6: Lannoo, Michael (ed.). Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. University of California Press. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California. Producer defined 1, 2 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 2: Petranka, James W. 1998. Salamanders of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC. Producer defined 1, 3 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 3: Dodd, C. Kenneth. 2013. Frogs of the United States and Canada, Volume 2. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland. Producer defined 1, 2, 6 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 2: Petranka, James W. 1998. Salamanders of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC. 6: Lannoo, Michael (ed.). Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. University of California Press. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California. Producer defined 1, 4, 6, 7 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 4: Dodd, C. Kenneth. 2013. Frogs of the United States and Canada, Volume 1. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland. 6: Lannoo, Michael (ed.). Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. University of California Press. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California. 7: AmphibiaWeb 2008 Pseudacris streckeri: Strecker's Chorus Frog <https://amphibiaweb.org/species/1060> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed Mar 24, 2022. Producer defined 1, 4, 8 1: Oliveira, B. F., V. A. São-Pedro, G. Santos-Barrera, C. Penone, and G. C. Costa. 2017. AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4:1–7. 4: Dodd, C. Kenneth. 2013. Frogs of the United States and Canada, Volume 1. Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, Maryland. 8: Wyoming Game and Fish Department. 2017. State Wildlife Action Plan. Producer defined NOTES Any additional notes Producer Defined Text field These life history trait values are for 31 species of aquatic-breeding amphibians listed as Species of Greatest Conservation Need across 7 US states. They were collected from other sources, both online and in print. No data are newly collected by the authors. Hinderer, R. K. 2024, Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for Amphibians in the North Central United States: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1UMVKOB U.S. Geological Survey Sciencebase mailing address

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