Matthew S. Varonka Jason R. Masoner 20241016 tabular digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P1D2TWYC Wells drilled during oil and gas exploration use drilling fluids to cool and lubricate the drilling bit and clear the borehole of cuttings. These fluids are recycled during the drilling process, but eventually can no longer be used. This is an important waste stream from petroleum generation that requires disposal. Chemical characterization of these materials is important to determine if these wastes have value or pose a risk if improperly handled. This study collected 13 samples of water-based and oil-based drilling fluid waste for hexane extractable material (also referred to as oil and grease) analysis. Data were collected to assess the amount of hexane extractable material (also referred to as oil and grease) in water-based and oil-based drilling fluid wastes. The file contains data available in comma separated value (.csv) file format. The user must have software capable of opening and viewing a .csv file. 20210719 20211012 ground condition Complete None planned -111.8848 -93.8672 49.0379 33.5048 ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation environment economy USGS Thesaurus (https://apps.usgs.gov/thesaurus/) petroleum waste treatment and disposal environmental justice natural resource exploration oil resources natural gas resources datasets USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:66e86de2d34e0606a9db9aac Common geographic areas (https://apps.usgs.gov/thesaurus/cga/) Wyoming North Dakota Oklahoma None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Matthew S Varonka USGS - Northeast Region Research Chemist mailing and physical

National Center,John W Powell FB

Reston VA 20192 703-648-6412 mvaronka@usgs.gov Quality control measures include blank spikes, matrix spikes, duplicate samples, and method blank analyses. See process step for more information. NA. NA. Samples were collected in the field and shipped to the U.S. Geological Survey Eastern Energy and Environmental Laboratory in Reston, Virginia for analysis. Hexane extractable material (HEM, also known as oil and grease) was analyzed using a procedure based on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method 9071B, "n-Hexane Extractable Material (HEM) for Sludge, Sediment, and Solid Samples." The method used deviated from EPA 9071B by using a commercially available solvent reduction system, the Biotage SpeedVap IV, instead of distillation to removed hexane from the extract, as is allowed by EPA 1664B, which is used to assess HEM in waters. In brief, approximately 10 grams (g) of sample (used as received) was mixed with 10 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate and transferred to a cellulose extraction thimble and the mixture was covered with glass wool. The extraction thimble was inserted into a Soxhlet extractor, and the sample was extracted with approximately 90 milliliters (mL) of pesticide-grade n-hexane for 4 hours at a rate of >= 20 reflux cycles per hour. After the reflux period, the hexane extract was filtered through grease-free cotton into a pre-weighed aluminum pan. The pan was inserted into the Biotage SpeedVap IV and the hexane was removed at 40 degrees C. Once the hexane was removed, the pan was weighed again to determine the mass of hexane extractable material in the sample. The method detection limit (MDL) for this method was 75 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and the practical quantitation limit (PQL) was set at 300 mg/kg, or four times the MDL. Method blank samples made with fired reagent sand as the sample had HEM of less than 100 mg/kg. Blank spike samples, made by spiking a sample of reagent sand with 20 mg of n-hexadecane and 20 mg of stearic acid, were within 10% of the expected result. Matrix spikes, made by spiking a sample with 20 mg of n-hexadecane and 20 mg of stearic acid, gave recoveries of 98% of the expected value, indicating no matrix effects on this analysis. Duplicate samples were within 5% relative percent difference. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 9071, Revision B, n-HEXANE EXTRACTABLE MATERIAL (HEM) FOR SLUDGE, SEDIMENT, AND SOLID SAMPLES, 1998, https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-12/documents/9071b.pdf. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1664, Revision B: n-Hexane Extractable Material (HEM; Oil and Grease) and Silica Gel Treated n-Hexane Extractable Material (SGT-HEM; Non-polar Material) by Extraction and Gravimetry, 2010, https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-12/documents/9071b.pdf. 20220310 Matthew S Varonka USGS - Northeast Region Research Chemist mailing and physical

National Center,John W Powell FB

Reston VA 20192 703-648-6412 mvaronka@usgs.gov DF_HEMS.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined SiteID Unique sample identifier. Producer Defined Oil-DF-OK-1 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Oil-DF-OK-2 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Oil-DF-OK-3 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Oil-DF-ND-5 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Oil-DF-WY-4 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Oil-DF-OK-6 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-DF-OK-1 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-DF-OK-2 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-DF-OK-3 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-DF-WY-4 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-DF-ND-5 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-HZDF-ND-8 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined Water-DF-OK-6 Unique sample identifier. Producer defined SourceLocation State where the sample was collected. Producer Defined Oklahoma State of Oklahoma Producer defined North Dakota State of North Dakota Producer defined Wyoming State of Wyoming Producer defined WasteType Type of drilling fluid waste. Producer Defined OBM Oil-based drilling mud waste. Producer defined WBM Water-based drilling mud waste. Producer defined SampleDate Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer Defined 2021-07-19 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-08-10 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-08-24 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-09-08 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-09-24 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-10-12 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-07-27 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-08-09 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-09-27 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined 2021-09-29 Date sampled in YYYY-MM-DD format. Producer defined SampleTime Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer Defined 11:45 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 07:00 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 10:30 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 14:00 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 08:00 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 08:30 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 21:00 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 20:20 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 11:30 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 13:00 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined 15:00 Time sampled in HH:MM format. Producer defined HEM Hexane extractable material in milligrams per kilogram of sample wet weight. Producer Defined 300 120000 mg/kg wet weight HEM_Q Qualifier for HEM data. Producer Defined - No qualifier. Producer defined < HEM value is less than the practical quantitation limit of this method of 300 mg/kg wet weight but above the method detection limit of 75 mg/kg wet weight. Producer defined GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P1D2TWYC None 20241016 Matthew S Varonka USGS - Northeast Region Research Chemist mailing and physical

National Center,John W Powell FB

Reston VA 20192 703-648-6412 mvaronka@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998