Danielle A. Olinger Mitchell M. Bennett Allen K. Andersen 20250616 .csv, .tiff, .tif, .pdf, .png, .txt Suggested citation: Olinger, D.A., Bennett, M.M., and Andersen, A.K., 2025, Fluid inclusion data for fluorite, smoky quartz, and calcite samples from the Bear Lodge alkaline complex, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1TTX78H. Olinger, D.A., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-5852, Bennett, M.M, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-9557, and Andersen, A.K., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-2561. https://doi.org/10.5066/P1TTX78H This data release is a collection of quantitative and qualitative data for fluid inclusions in samples from the Bear Lodge alkaline complex, Wyoming. The dataset includes:microthermometry, Raman spectroscopy, noble gas spectroscopy, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and energy dispersive X-ray analyses of fluid inclusions. For spatial context and textural characterization, annotated scans of both sample thin sections, annotated photomicrographs of targeted fluid inclusion areas, cathodoluminescence images, and backscatter electron images of decrepitate mounds are also included. These datasets were collected to characterize fluids related to ore-forming processes associated with the Bear Lodge alkaline complex rare earth element deposit, Wyoming. 20190225 20241206 ground condition Complete None planned Bear Lodge Mountains, Wyoming -104.4978 -104.3042 44.6218 44.4838 ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation economy None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Mineral Resources Program MRP Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center GGGSC Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center GMEG REEs carbonatite fluorite calcite smoky quartz nahcolite burbankite USGS Thesaurus mineralogy geochemistry scanning electron microscopy rare earth elements economic geology mineral resources petrography noble gas elements USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:66156e3fd34e7eb9eb7d5468 Common geographic areas Wyoming United States Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Bear Lodge Mountains Crook County Wyoming Bull Hill None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. There is no guarantee concerning the accuracy of the data. Any user who modifies the data is obligated to describe the types of modifications they perform. Data have been checked to ensure the accuracy. If any errors are detected, please notify the originating office. The U.S. Geological Survey strongly recommends that careful attention be paid to the metadata file associated with these data. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent the data, nor to imply that changes made were approved or endorsed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Danielle A Olinger U.S. Geological Survey, ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION Geologist mailing address

Mail Stop 973, W 6th Ave Kipling St

Lakewood CO 80225 US 303-236-7771 dolinger@usgs.gov This release of the dataset was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program (MRP). These data have been peer reviewed and compared with related ancillary data. Data were reviewed for consistency and analytical results were checked for validity and fidelity of relationships. Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the full metadata record carefully for additional details regarding each process step. Spatial locations were determined from hand-held global positioning system (GPS) devices. Accuracy of reported latitude and longitude is to 0.001 decimal degrees. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. ThinSection_Images.zip: Section scans were completed at the Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center Denver Microbeam Laboratory using a Keyence VHX-6000 microscope (serial number 6B710209). Scans mosaic images of standard size thick sections (27 mm by 46 mm) taken at 30x magnification in full ring light on a white background and stitched together by the Keyence software version 2.8.0.110. These scans were then annotated to include location information for target fluid inclusion areas which were imaged (see below). BearLodgeFLINC_petrography.csv and Petrographic_Images.zip: Petrographic characterization of fluid inclusion populations and target areas in smoky quartz, fluorite, and calcite was completed on 100 micron thick doubly polished sections using Olympus BX50 and BX53M microscopes: both transmitted plane-polarized (PPL) and cross-polarized light (XPL) were used. Volume estimates for the relative amount of vapor, liquid, and solid phases were made at room temperature (Bakker and Diamond 2006). Most images of target fluid inclusion areas were taken at the Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center using a PointGrey camera connected to an Olympus BX50 microscope. Some additional images (BL10-32A, R11-32-377A, S121-945A, and wBD10-475A) were taken at the Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center using an Olympus DP27 camera connected to an Olympus BX53M petrographic microscope. All images were taken in plane polarized light apart from target areas hosted in calcite; these images were taken in cross polarized light to reduce the refraction. Each image file name contains the thick section sample name, the target area identification, and the magnification. Image stacks of an area with the same magnification were created using Adobe Photoshop version 26.6.0 by aligning and merging the images and completing a levels balance. Some images are annotated with fluid inclusion ID and phase denotation (i.e. S=solid, V=vapor, L=liquid) which correspond to which phase was targeted for the Raman spectrometry analyses and microthermometry measurements. Additional annotation may be present such as scale bar, markings to denote inclusions were not targeted, or other notes which were used by the researchers to track observations. Note: scale bars were not added to all images via the imaging software when it was noted that these scales couldn't be removed to stack the images for microthermometry navigational images. Some stacked images have scale bars smeared across the image. Optical_CL_Images.zip: Optical, cold-cathodoluminescence (CL) images were taken at the Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center for elect sample areas of SMCF-2A and BL10-32A. The CL system is designed by Relion Industries and coupled to a Nikon Optiphot transmitted light microscope fitted with a Leica DFC7000 T digital camera. The CL system was operated under vacuum at 6-10 kV. Post processing of SMCF-2A was done to enhance the definition of the growth zonation characteristic of this type of fluorite observed in the complex. Fluorite has a blue or purple CL response whereas calcite has an orange CL response. References: Bakker, R. J., and Diamond, L. W., 2006, Estimation of volume fractions of liquid and vapor phases in fluid inclusions, and definition of inclusion shapes. American Mineralogist, 91(4), 635–657. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2006.1845 20240620 Raman_txt_files.zip: Laser Raman spectra were collected on two different instruments for reconnaissance and more detailed quantitative analysis: the Horiba LabRAM HR Evolution spectrometer housed at the University of Colorado at Boulder and the Xplora Raman spectrometer housed int he USGS Denver Inclusion Analysis Laboratory. Both spectrometers run LabSpec 6 software. (1) The Horiba LabRAM HR Evolution spectrometer was operated using a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser source with a 100 mW 532 nm wavelength and a spot size of 1 μm for most inclusion-hosted solid, liquid, and vapor phases at room temperature. All data files contain the analytical settings within the metadata (see below for metadata description). The instrument was calibrated each day prior to analyses using a silicon wafer with a Raman Shift expressed in wavenumbers (1/cm) of 520.7 cm-1 at 100x magnification and a 100 micron confocal hole size for both 1800 gr/mm and 600 gr/mm diffraction gratings. Measured offset and coefficient values passed each day. All data is provided as text (.txt) files. The file names include date of analysis, sample name, target area identification, inclusion identification, phase identification ((solid = s, vapor = v, liquid = l, background = BG, vq = CO2 in vapor phase quantified by Ne peak method, matrix = analysis of host mineral, MI = possible melt inclusion), some of the running conditions per laboratory file naming scheme, and "CUBoulder" denoting that the analysis was conducted at the University of Colorado Boulder laboratory. All running conditions can be found within the .txt files in the header section. Spectra collected for most inclusions hosted in calcite are poor due to interference from high fluorescence of the calcite host and therefore should be used with caution. (2) The Horiba Xplora Raman spectrometer was frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser source with a 25 mW 532 nm wavelength and a spot size of 1 μm for most inclusion-hosted solid, liquid, and vapor phases at room temperature. All data files contain the analytical settings within the metadata (see below for metadata description). The instrument was calibrated each day prior to analyses using a silicon wafer with a Raman Shift expressed in wavenumbers (1/cm) of 520.7 cm-1 at 100x magnification and a 200 micron confocal hole size for 1800 gr/mm diffraction grating. Measured offset and coefficient values passed each day. The wave numbers and intensities reported from the USGS DIAL are the raw data from the instrument without correction for instrument specific error. Wave numbers reported by the USGS DIAL Xplora raman spectrometer should be peak shifted based on the bracket analyses of the Sigma-Aldrich silica wafer standard during each analytical session, and may be up to +7 higher than corrected values. All data is provided as text (.txt) files. The file names include date of analysis, sample name, target area identification, inclusion identification, phase identification (solid = s, vapor = v, liquid = l, background = BG, vq = CO2 in vapor phase quantified by Ne peak method, matrix = analysis of host mineral, MI = possible melt inclusion), some of the running conditions per the laboratory file naming scheme, and "G3DIAL" denoting that the analysis was conducted at the USGS laboratory. All running conditions can be found within the files in the header section. Each text file contains a header with metadata for the analyses. Each metadata field that is present in the header is described in theBearLodgeRaman_txt_descriptions.csv. The two columns of numeric data following the header information are the Raman Shift expressed in wavenumbers (1/cm) in the left column and the Raman intensity expressed in counts for each Raman shift in the right column. Reproducing the spectra consists of plotting the Raman shift on the x-axis against the Raman intensity on the y-axis. 20240620 BearLodgeFLINC_microthermometry.csv: Fluid inclusion microthermometry was conducted at the USGS Denver Inclusion Analysis Laboratory using a LINKAM TMSG600 stage with a LINKAM T96-S system controller mounted on an Olympus BX60 microscope with a PointGrey GS3-U3-28S5C-C camera. Temperature ramp profiles were controlled using the LINK software version 1.1.1.5. Temperature calibration was performed using SynFlinc fluid inclusion standards that covered a range of temperatures. The measurements for this study were made before the cycling method of Casanova et al. (2018) and Peng et al. (2020) were published. The stage was calibrated with Synflinc synthetic inclusions for a measurement accuracy +/- 0.3°C for melting and +/- 3°C for homogenization measurements (Sterner and Bodnar, 1984; Bodnar and Sterner, 1987). For inclusions that did not homogenize at ≤450°C, sample chips were transferred to a USGS-type gas flow heating stage (Goldstein and Reynolds, 1994) with a maximum operating temperature of 800°C. The gas-flow stage, coupled to a Nikon Optiphot transmitted light microscope, was calibrated using an ice bath allowing ±0.3°C of ice melt temperature. Most inclusions reached complete homogenization using one of the two stages, and rare examples decrepitated prior to complete homogenization (this is explained further in the attribute column descriptions for the BearLodgeFLINC_microthermometry.csv later in the metadata). References: Casanova, V., Kouzmanov, K., Audétat, A., Walle, M., Ubig, N., Ortelli, M., and Fontboté, L., 2018, Fluid inclusion studies in opaque ore minerals: II. A comparative study of syngenetic synthetic fluid inclusions hosted in quartz and opaque minerals: Economic Geology, v.113, p.1861-1883.; Goldstein, R.H., and Reynolds, T.J., 1994. Systematics of Fluid Inclusions in Diagenetic Minerals. SEPM, Society for Sedimentary Geology Short Course 31, 199 p.; Peng, H.W., Fan, H.R., Santosh, M., Hu, F.F., and Jiang, P., 2020, Infrared microthermometry of fluid inclusions in transparent to opaque minerals: challenges and new insights: Mineralium Deposita, v. 55, p. 1425-1440.; Sterner, S.M. and Bodnar, R. J., 1984, Synthetic fluid inclusions in natural quartz. I. Composition types synthesized and applications to experimental geochemistry. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 48, p. 2659-2668. 20240331 DecrepitateMounds_BSE-EDS_Reports.zip and DecrepitateMounds_BSE-SE_Images.zip: Decrepitate mounds were produced by rapidly heating 100 micron-thick sample chips using a USGS-type gas flow heating stage (Goldstein and Reynolds, 1994) coupled to a Nikon Optiphot transmitted light microscope. Samples were loaded onto a Si wafer and were topped with another Si wafer to capture any residues that decrepitated near the top surface. Silicon wafers and sample chips were cleaned with acetone prior to loading in the chamber. Initial trials showed inclusion deformation or host mineral dissolution was possible at high temperatures if heated too slowly and decrepitation did not always occur upon approach to maximum stage temperatures. Therefore, samples were rapidly heated, and inclusions decrepitated between 450 and 700°C. After decrepitation, sample chips and Si wafers were placed on a glass slide with carbon tape, coated with carbon within an hour, and loaded into a scanning electron microscope. Qualitative electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and backscatter electron (BSE) imaging of decrepitate mounds was performed using an FEI scanning electron microscope at USGS Denver Microbeam Laboratory. Spot analysis and area analysis was utilized. Report files are provided that show a BSE image of the target area with location of analytical spots and their corresponding EDS spectra: some analysts chose to label the EDS spectra/spots with characterizations (such as "background", or "fluorite". High resolution BSE images of those target areas are also provided. References: Goldstein, R.H., and Reynolds, T.J., 1994. Systematics of Fluid Inclusions in Diagenetic Minerals. SEPM, Society for Sedimentary Geology Short Course 31, 199 p. 20240424 BearLodgeFLINC_noblegas.csv: Noble gas (He, Ne, Ar) analyses were conducted at the U.S. Geological Survey’s noble gas lab in Denver. Hand samples were crushed, sonicated, sieved, and handpicked under a binocular microscope to create mineral separates of smoky quartz, zoned fluorite, inclusion-rich fluorite, and inclusion-poor fluorite. A total of 4 samples were analyzed: 2 fluorite samples (one each of inclusion-rich and inclusion-poor) from within the carbonatite dike swarm of Bull Hill and 2 (smoky quartz and zoned fluorite) from the Smith Ridge area. Noble gases from fluid inclusions were extracted from samples by thermal decrepitation and analyzed. The analytical method and interpretation schemes are those described by Landis and Hofstra (2012), Hofstra et al. (2016), and Manning and Hofstra (2017). In summary, the mineral separates were wrapped in aluminum foil and loaded for single analysis on a vacuum extraction system. The samples were left overnight, under ultrahigh vacuum at room temperature to allow the samples to degas atmospheric components prior to gas extraction. Each individual mineral separate (approximately 0.5- to 1.5-g) was drop-loaded into an evacuated vacuum furnace, then heated to 350 to 375 °C, and held at temperature for 10 to 40 minutes to collect volatiles for analysis. After the gas extraction step, a measurement of the total amount of gas produced was recorded and then active gases were removed by chemical reaction with a heated Ti/Zr sponge, and the remaining noble gases were separated and analyzed using methods similar to those described in Hunt (2015). Noble gas concentrations and isotopic compositions were measured using separate aliquots on a magnetic sector mass spectrometer (Helix SFT) run in static operation mode. Gas concentrations were determined by standardization to a known air standard with an average sample-to-standard ratio of two to three. Gas concentrations are reported as volume of analyte normalized to total volume of gas produced (mole fraction) from the extraction. Furnace blanks were run at an average rate of one every four samples to confirm the influence of background gas associated with the vacuum extraction lines. Analytical uncertainties are 1-σ errors computed based on the signal regression error and the reproducibility of both air standards and furnace blanks. References: Manning, A. H., and Hofstra, A.H., 2017, Noble gas data from Goldfield and Tonopah epithermal Au-Ag deposits, ancestral Cascades Arc, USA: Evidence for a primitive mantle volatile source: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 89, p. 683-700, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.06.023; Hofstra, A.H., Meighan, C.J., Song, X., Samson, I.M., Marsh, E.E., Lowers, H.A., Emsbo, P., and Hunt, A.G., 2016, Mineral thermometry and fluid inclusion studies of the Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite–rare earth element deposit, Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Mountains Terrane, southeast Missouri, USA: Economic Geology, v. 111, no. 8, 32p, 10.2113/econgeo.111.8.1985; Hunt, A. G., 2015, US Geological Survey Noble Gas Laboratory’s standard operating procedures for the measurement of dissolved gas in water samples: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods No. 5-A11, 21 p.; Landis, G. P., and Hofstra, A. H., 2012, Ore genesis constraints on the Idaho cobalt belt from fluid inclusion gas, noble gas isotope, and ion ratio analyses: Economic Geology, v. 107, p. 1189-1205. 20231231 BearLodgeFLINC_LAICPMS_rawcnts.csv: Fluid inclusions in calcite were analyzed for trace elements by LA-ICP-MS with a Coherent GeoLas 193nm ArF laser coupled with a Perkin Elmer NexION ICP-MS (Longerich et al., 1996). The LA-ICP-MS settings for the performance check were: 193nm laser, 120mJ output energy, about 25kV voltage, 6 J/cm2 fluence, 60 micron spot size, 10 repetition rate, 0.4 l./min sample chamber gas flow, 0.56 l/min nebulizer gas flow, 15 l/min plasma gas flow, 1.2 l/min auxillary gas flow, 1600 W RF power, 1 cps U/Th ratio on NIST 612, 0.19 oxide formation rate of ThO on NIST 612, and monitored isotope dwell times of 100 ms (7Li, 43Ca, 44Ca, 45Sc, 57Fe, 89Y, 139La, 232Th, 238U, and 254UO) and 200 ms (22Ne and 248 ThO). The LA-ICP-MS settings for the experiment were: 193nm laser, 3 J/Cm2 fluence, 24 micron spot size, 5 repetition rate, 0.4 l./min sample chamber gas flow, 0.56 l/min nebulizer gas flow, 15 l/min plasma gas flow, 1.2 l/min auxillary gas flow, and 1600 W RF power. Monitored isotope dwell times for the experiment are as follows: 10 ms (23Na, 24Mg, 29Si, 32S, 39K, 44Ca, 55Mn, 57Fe, 85Rb, 88Sr, 89Y, 153Eu, 157Gd, 159Tb, 163Dy, 165Ho, 166Er, 169Tm, 172Yb, and 175Lu), 20 ms (35Cl), and 30 ms (139La, 140Ce, 141Pr, 146Nd, 147Sm). LADR (1.1.0720211123; Norris and Danyuschevsky, 2018; http://norsci.com/ladr/) was used for data reduction with NIST 612 and BCR-2G as the external standard applying the preferred values from Jochum et al. (2011) and Jochum (2009) respectively. Sodium was used as the internal standard for the QC check on GSD-1G using the preferred values from Jochum (2011). The average of measured analytes for GSD-1G over the course of the analytical run are all within 10% (absolute) of the preferred values. Raw counts for two samples are provided in BearLodgeFLINC_LAICPMS_rawcnts.csv. References: Longerich, H.P., Jackson, S.E., and Günther, D. (1996) Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric transient signal data acquisition and analyte concentration calculation. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, v. 11, p. 899-904; Norris A & Danyushevsky L (2018). 'Towards Estimating the Complete Uncertainty Budget of Quantified Results Measured by LA-ICP-MS', Goldschmidt, Boston, 2018-08-12; Jochum (2009). BCR-2G, https://georem.mpch-mainz.gwdg.de/ref_mat_pref_val.asp?refmatid=USGS+BCR-2G; Jochum (2011). GSD-1G, https://georem.mpch-mainz.gwdg.de/ref_mat_pref_val.asp?refmatid=USGS+GSD-1G; Jochum et al. (2011). NIST-SRM612, https://georem.mpch-mainz.gwdg.de/ref_mat_pref_val.asp?refmatid=NIST+NISTSRM612 20241206 DecrepitateMounds_BSE-EDS_Reports.zip Compressed (zipped) folder containing backscatter electron (BSE) image with corresponding energy dispersive X-ray spectra reports, as .pdf files, for analyzed decrepitate mounds created from fluid inclusion populations. Extract data by selecting "extract all" from the context menu, choose the destination for the files, and click extract. Producer Defined DecrepitateMounds_BSE-SE_Images.zip Compressed (zipped) folder containing backscatter electron (BSE) and secondary electron (SE) images, as .tiff or .tif files, of the decrepitate mounds. These relate with the reports found in DecrepitateMounds_BSE-EDS_Reports.zip. Extract data by selecting "extract all" from the context menu, choose the destination for the files, and click extract. Producer Defined ThinSection_Images.zip Compressed (zipped) folder containing thin section scans, as .tif files, of the thin sections from which fluid inclusion populations were characterized. The images are annotated with the target area identifiers which relate to the petrographic images located in Petrographic_Images.zip. Extract data by selecting "extract all" from the context menu, choose the destination for the files, and click extract. Producer Defined Optical_CL_Images.zip Compressed (zipped) folder containing optical, cold-cathodoluminescence (CL) images, as .tiff or .tif files. File names contain the sample name and different areas are denoted with a "00#" at the end of the file name. An letter may follow the "00#" and that denotes that the same area was imaged using different kV settings.The SMCF-2A CL image is denoted as "edited" in the file name because post processing in the imaging software was used to enhance the zonation pattern revealed with CL. Extract data by selecting "extract all" from the context menu, choose the destination for the files, and click extract. Producer Defined Petrographic_Images.zip Compressed (zipped) folder containing petrographic images (as .png, .tiff, or .tif files) of the target fluid inclusion areas. Some images are products of stacking and merging images taken at different focal depths in that area: these are denoted with 'edited' in the file name. Some images contain annotations related to the phases analyzed via Raman spectrometry. 'PPL' stands for plane polarized light and 'XPL' stands for cross polarized light. Extract data by selecting "extract all" from the context menu, choose the destination for the files, and click extract. Producer Defined Raman_txt_files.zip Compressed (zipped) folder containing Raman spectrometry output as .txt files. The name of each file denotes the date of analysis, sample name, area ID, fluid inclusion ID, phase ID, operating conditions, and whether the analysis was conducted as CU Boulder or at the USGS DIAL laboratory. Each file contains a header with metadata information about acquisition: descriptions of this header information can be found in BearLodgeRaman_txt_descriptions.csv. Two columns of numeric data follow the header information: this is the wavelength position, in 1/cm, and corresponding wavelength intensity information, in counts. Extract data by selecting "extract all" from the context menu, choose the destination for the files, and click extract. Producer Defined BearLodgeFLINC_petrography.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Sample_ID Sample thick section identification. An "A" or "B" at end of sample name indicates duplicate thick section made from the same billet. Producer Defined text Area Specific area of the section for which a fluid inclusion description is being completed. This area is marked on a digital image of the thick section. Producer Defined text Host_Mineral The mineral hosting the target fluid inclusions in the area. Producer Defined text Host_Description Petrographic description of the mineral host. Producer Defined text Phases Phases present in the targeted fluid inclusions/fluid inclusion assemblage. L = liquid, V = vapor, S = solid(s), and C = carbon dioxide present by observed 'double bubble' or clathrate was captured during microthermometry. A '(?)' following the phrase descriptor indicates the phase was difficult to distinguish and there is uncertainty of its presence in the fluid inclusions. If only an 'S' is present in the column, this indicates mineral inclusions or possible melt inclusions, not fluid inclusions, were observed: more information is provided in the Description column. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text Liquid_EstVolPercent Estimated volume percent of inclusion (reference Appendix II of Shepherd et al., 1985, A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies, Blackie Publishers 239p. or Hollister et al., 1981, Practical aspects of microthermometry, in Hollister and Crawford, eds., Short course in fluid inclusion: application to petrology, Mineralogical Association of Canada, p.278-304.) is liquid. 'NA' indicates not applicable. Producer Defined NA Not applicable Producer defined volume percent, text Vapor_EstVolPercent Estimated volume percent of inclusion (reference Appendix II of Shepherd et al., 1985, A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies, Blackie Publishers 239p. or Hollister et al., 1981, Practical aspects of microthermometry, in Hollister and Crawford, eds., Short course in fluid inclusion: application to petrology, Mineralogical Association of Canada, p.278-304.) is liquid. 'NA' indicates not applicable. Producer Defined NA Not applicable Producer defined volume percent, text Solids_EstVolPercent Estimated volume percent of inclusion (reference Appendix II of Shepherd et al., 1985, A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies, Blackie Publishers 239p. or Hollister et al., 1981, Practical aspects of microthermometry, in Hollister and Crawford, eds., Short course in fluid inclusion: application to petrology, Mineralogical Association of Canada, p.278-304.) is liquid. 'NA' indicates not applicable. Producer Defined NA Not applicable Producer defined volume percent, text SolidsAmount Number, or range, of solids (daughter crystals) present in the fluid inclusions/fluid inclusion assemblage. A '(?)' indicates the number of solids was difficult to distinguish and there is uncertainty. Producer Defined NA Not applicable Producer defined text AssemblageType Denotation of inclusions/fluid inclusion assemblage (reference Roedder, E., 1984, Fluid inclusions. Reviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 12, 644 pp. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington.) as primary, secondary, pseudosecondary, or indistinct (which means the petrographer wasn't able to discern the assemblage type). A '(?)' indicates uncertainty in the assigned assemblage type. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined primary Inclusion containing fluid from the moment of sealing during crystal growth. Producer defined secondary Inclusion with evidence for entrapment after crystal precipitation. Producer defined pseudosecondary Inclusions formed by process of crack healing with crystal growth continuing after entrapment. Producer defined indistinct Inclusions that lacked evidence to identify as primary, secondary, or pseudosecondary. Producer defined melt Droplet of melt trapped in minerals during growth from the magma. Producer defined Description A general description of the fluid inclusion assemblage(s) in the specific area of the thick section studied. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text BearLodgeFLINC_datadictionary.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined File Attribute information for columns found in the tabular data files (.csv) of this data release. Producer Defined File or folder name associated with the attribute listed. Attribute Name of the attribute column found in the associated tabular data files (.csv) Producer Defined text AttributeDescription Description of the information contained in the attributes found in the associated tabular data files (.csv) Producer Defined text AttributeUnit Units of attributes. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined volume percent estimated volume percent Producer defined date MM/DD/YYY Producer defined degrees Celsius temperature measurement Producer defined minutes time measurement Producer defined cubic centimeters per volume concentration measurement Producer defined decimal degrees spacial measurement Producer defined AttributeFormat the format of information entered for an attribute Producer Defined text attribute entry is provided as a text value Producer defined MM/DD/YYYY format of date is given using two numbers for the month, two numbers for the day, and 4 numbers for the year Producer defined BearLodgeFLINC_microthermometry.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Sample_ID Sample thick section identification. An "A" or "B" at end of sample name indicates duplicate thick section made from the same billet. Producer Defined text Area Specific area of the section for which a fluid inclusion description is being completed. This area is marked on a digital image of the thick section. Producer Defined text Host_Mineral Description of the mineral hosting the target fluid inclusions in the area. Producer Defined text Inclusion_ID Specific inclusion of target area for which temperature measurements are being measured. Some inclusions had measurements recorded as supplemental information for how inclusions of similar type in the area behaved. An "*" after the number indicates there are important notes in the Notes_By_Area column regarding that inclusion. Producer Defined text Phases Phases present in the targeted fluid inclusions/fluid inclusion assemblage. L = liquid, V = vapor, S = solid(s), and C = carbon dioxide present as observed 'double bubble' or clathrate was captured during microthermometry. An '_1' or '_2' denote a different fluid inclusion assemblage being characterized in the target area that have similar phases but distinguishable phase ratios. Producer Defined text Date_FreezeRun1 Date that freezing run 1 was completed, blank cells indicate freezing run was not completed for that inclusion or inclusion target area. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 12/17/2019 3/7/2024 MM/DD/YYYY Te_degC_FreezeRun1 Eutectic temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the eutectic temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the eutectic temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on ice melting textures, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Tmice_degC_FreezeRun1 Ice melt temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the ice melt temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the ice melt temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on bubble movement, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Tmclath_degC_FreezeRun1 Clathrate melt temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the clathrate melt temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the clathrate melt temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on bubble movement, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Date_FreezeRun2 Date that freezing run 2 was completed, blank cells indicate freezing run was not completed for that inclusion or inclusion target area. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 12/18/2019 6/16/2023 MM/DD/YYYY Te_degC_FreezeRun2 Eutectic temperature, in degrees Celsius, for the inclusion collected during freezing run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the eutectic temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the eutectic temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on ice melting textures, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Tmice_degC_FreezeRun2 Ice melt temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the ice melt temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the ice melt temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on bubble movement that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Tmclath_degC_FreezeRun2 Clathrate melt temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the clathrate melt temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the clathrate melt temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on bubble movement, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Date_FreezeRun3 Date that freezing run 3 was completed, blank cells indicate freezing run was not completed for that inclusion or inclusion target area. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 9/23/2021 6/30/2022 MM/DD/YYYY Te_degC_FreezeRun3 Eutectic temperature, in degrees Celsius, for the inclusion collected during freezing run 3. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the eutectic temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the eutectic temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on ice melting textures, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Tmice_degC_FreezeRun3 Ice melt temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 3. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the ice melt temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the ice melt temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on bubble movement, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Tmclath_degC_FreezeRun3 Clathrate melt temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected during freezing run 3. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of the number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the clathrate melt temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the clathrate melt temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on bubble movement, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Date_HeatRun1 Date that heating run 1 was completed, blank cells indicate heating run was not completed for that inclusion or inclusion target area. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 7/28/2021 3/7/2024 MM/DD/YYYY Th_CO2_degC_HeatRun1 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for carbon dioxide vapor phase during heating run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius ThCO2_HomogTo Describes the mode of homogenization of liquid and vapor phases of CO2 within the inclusion. L = liquid. Blank cells indicate no data. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid1_degC_HeatRun1 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 1 during heating run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid2_degC_HeatRun1 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 2 during heating run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid3_degC_HeatRun1 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 3 during heating run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid4_degC_HeatRun1 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 4 during heating run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Vapor_degC_HeatRun1 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for the vapor bubble during heating run 1. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Date_HeatRun2 Date that heating run 2 was completed, blank cells indicate heating run was not completed for that inclusion or inclusion target area. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 8/3/2021 9/26/2022 MM/DD/YYYY Th_Solid1_degC_HeatRun2 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 1 during heating run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid2_degC_HeatRun2 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 2 during heating run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid3_degC_HeatRun2 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 3 during heating run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Vapor_degC_HeatRun2 Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for the vapor bubble during heating run 2. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Date_HeatRunHT Date that heating run using the high temperature gas-flow stage was completed, blank cells indicate no data. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 9/28/2022 12/22/2023 MM/DD/YYYY Th_CO2_degC_HeatRunHT Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for carbon dioxide vapor phase during the high temperature heating run. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid1_degC_HeatRunHT Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 1 during the high temperature heating run. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid2_degC_HeatRunHT Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 2 during the high temperature heating run. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Solid3_degC_HeatRunHT Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for solid 3 during the high temperature heating run. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Vapor_degC_HeatRunHT Homogenization temperature, in degrees Celsius, collected for the vapor bubble during the high temperature heating run. Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th_Total Temperature at which a fluid inclusion reached total homogenization (single phase). Blank cells indicate no data. An "about" in front of number indicates the temperature was near that value but not precisely captured. Some temperatures are captured as a range: within that range the homogenization temperature was reached. A '<' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was below a value but could not be observed although it was noted, based on absence, that it did occur by a certain temperature. A '>' symbol in front of the number indicates the homogenization temperature was above a value and was either not observed during run or temperature wasn't reached during run due to decrepitation of the target inclusions or inclusions in the area. A "(?)" symbol after the number indicates there is some uncertainty in the measured temperature due to difficulty observing a phase change. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text, degrees Celsius Th _Total_HomogBy Describes the final phase within the inclusion to homogenize. S = solid, L = liquid, V = vapor, C = critical behavior in which the bubble meniscus fades and disappears, rather than the bubble shrinking or expanding. Blank cells indicate no data. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text Notes_By_Area Notes translated from analysts' notebooks regarding the microthermometry runs for each area. May provide further details regarding measurements denoted in freezing and heating columns. Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined text BearLodgeFLINC_noblegas.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Sample Name Laboratory sample name Producer Defined text Latitute Latitude Producer Defined 44.48143 44.48777 decimal degrees Longitude Longitude Producer Defined -104.45688 -104.42758 decimal degrees Mineral Phase Mineral phase used for analysis Producer Defined text Date Run Date sample was analyzed Producer Defined 5/14/2021 5/17/2021 MM/DD/YYYY Temp Temperature in degrees Celsius used to decrepitate sample Producer Defined 350 350 degrees Celsius Time Time, in minutes, used to decrepitate the sample Producer Defined 18 25 minutes 4He Helium-4 concentration in cubic centimeters per volume in cubic centimeters of gas extracted, multiplied by 1E6. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 1.352 3.146 mole fraction 4He err Calculated error of helium-4 concentration in cubic centimeters per volume in cubic centimeters of gas extracted, multiplied by 1E6. Data precision four decimal places. Producer Defined 0.025 0.059 mole fraction 20Ne Neon-20 concentration in cubic centimeters per volume in cubic centimeters of gas extracted, multiplied by 1E6. Data precision five decimal places. Producer Defined 0.00037 0.00337 mole fraction 20Ne err Calculated error of neon-20 concentration in cubic centimeters per volume in cubic centimeters of gas extracted, multiplied by 1E6. Data precision five decimal places. Producer Defined 0.00002 0.00009 mole fraction 40Ar Argon-40 concentration in cubic centimeters per volume in cubic centimeters of gas extracted, multiplied by 1E6. Data precision two decimal places. Producer Defined 0.98 3.77 mole fraction 40Ar err Calculated error of argon-40 concentration in cubic centimeters per volume in cubic centimeters of gas extracted, multiplied by 1E6. Data precision two decimal places. Producer Defined 0.04 0.16 mole fraction R_RA Isotopic ratio of helium-3 to helium-4 normalized to 1.384E-6. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.012 3.866 R_Ra err Calculated error of isotopic ratio of helium-3 to helium-4 normalized to 1.384E-6. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.004 0.13 20Ne_22Ne Isotopic ratio of neon-20 to neon-22. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 9.046 10.043 20Ne_22Ne err Calculated error of isotopic ratio of neon-20 to neon-22. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.049 0.055 21Ne_22Ne Isotopic ratio of neon-21 to neon-22. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.029 0.03 21Ne_22Ne err Calculated error of isotopic ratio of neon-21 to neon-22. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.001 0.002 38Ar_36Ar Isotopic ratio of argon-38 to argon-36. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.188 0.194 38Ar_36Ar err Calculated error of isotopic ratio of argon-38 to argon-36. Data precision three decimal places. Producer Defined 0.001 0.002 40Ar_36Ar Isotopic ratio of argon-40 to argon-36. Data precision one decimal place. Producer Defined 287.4 351.9 40Ar_36Ar err Calculated error of isotopic ratio of argon-40 to argon-36. Data precision one decimal place. Producer Defined 1.9 2.3 BearLodgeRaman_txt_descriptions.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Producer Defined Metadata_Field The title of the field found in the metadata header of the Raman spectra text file. Note: not all spectra will have the same combination of metadata fields. Producer Defined text Description A description of what the metadata field is recording about the acquisition parameters for the spectra. Producer Defined text Units The units, if applicable, for the metadata field entry Producer Defined text BearLodgeFLINC_LAICPMS_rawcnts.csv Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data. Note: this file has two runs combined so time vs intensity is specific for each sample/run. Producer Defined Date Date of analysis Producer Defined 12062024 12062024 MMDDYYYY Sample Name Name of the sample and fluid inclusion Producer Defined text Spot_Size Size of analytical spot in microns Producer Defined 24 24 microns Time Time, in seconds, during the duration of the analysis Producer Defined 0 149.706 seconds Na23 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope sodium-23. Number that follows the elemental symbol Na is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 867779.5374 counts Mg24 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope magnesium-24 . Number that follows the elemental symbol Mg is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 45572.57432 counts Si29 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope silicon-29. Number that follows the elemental symbol Si is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 43064.81254 58117.9795 counts S32 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope sulfur-32. Number that follows the elemental symbol S is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 1556737.4 1776717.009 counts Cl35 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope chlorine-35. Number that follows the elemental symbol Cl is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 8702.649957 14307.16073 counts K39 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope potassium-39. Number that follows the elemental symbol K is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 4300.647247 471349.7711 counts Ca44 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope calcium-44. Number that follows the elemental symbol Ca is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 13005.91769 1489172.096 counts Mn55 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope manganese-55. Number that follows the elemental symbol Mn is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 200.0014 902004.9598 counts Fe57 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope iron-57. Number that follows the elemental symbol Fe is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 3000.315033 counts Rb85 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope rubidium-85. Number that follows the elemental symbol Rb is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 1900.126358 counts Sr88 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope strontium-88. Number that follows the elemental symbol Sr is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 3635103.596 counts Y89 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope yttrium-89. Number that follows the elemental symbol Y is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 13106.00911 counts La139 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope lanthanum-139. Number that follows the elemental symbol La is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 169836.928 counts Ce140 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope cerium-140. Number that follows the elemental symbol Ce is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 259570.2879 counts Pr141 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope praseodymium-141. Number that follows the elemental symbol Pr is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 27793.67749 counts Nd146 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope neodymium-146. Number that follows the elemental symbol Nd is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 11771.51457 counts Sm147 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope samarium-147. Number that follows the elemental symbol Sm is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 1666.763895 counts Eu153 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope europium-153. Number that follows the elemental symbol Eu is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 1700.101156 counts Gd157 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope gadolinium-157. Number that follows the elemental symbol Gd is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 1200.050402 counts Tb159 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope terbium-159. Number that follows the elemental symbol Tb is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 900.0283509 counts Dy163 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope dysprosium-163. Number that follows the elemental symbol Dy is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 800.0224006 counts Ho165 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope holmium-165. Number that follows the elemental symbol Ho is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 600.0126003 counts Er166 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope erbium-166. Number that follows the elemental symbol Er is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 700.0171504 counts Tm169 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope thulium-169. Number that follows the elemental symbol Tm is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 400.0056001 counts Yb172 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope ytterbium-172. Number that follows the elemental symbol Yb is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 400.0056001 counts Lu175 Raw intensity counts for elemental isotope lutetium-175. Number that follows the elemental symbol Lu is the isotope measured. Producer Defined 0 600.0126003 counts BearLodgeFLINC_datadictionary.csv provides attribute information for each of the tabular data files described below. BearLodgeFLINC_petrography.csv includes information on petrographic characterization of fluid inclusions/inclusion assemblages for target areas of sample thick sections. BearLodgeFLINC_microthermometry.csv includes temperature data for inclusions and phases of target areas of sample thick sections. BearLodgeFLINC_noblegas.csv includes the noble gas measurements for inclusions in target phases. DecrepitateMounds_BSE-EDS_Reports.zip contain PDF documents with EDS spectra related to spot analyses. DecrepitateMounds_BSE-SE_Images.zip contain the BSE and SE images of target areas. ThinSection_Images.zip contain images of the target thick sections for this research. Optical_CL_Images.zip contain some optical CL images of target areas. Petrographic_Images.zip contains images of the target fluid inclusion assemblage areas. Raman_txt_files.zip contains text files with Raman spectra of fluid inclusion phases analyzed. BearLodgeFLINC_LAICPMS_rawcnts.csv includes raw intensity counts for inclusions analyzed via LA-ICP-MS. https://doi.org/10.5066/P1TTX78H GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P1TTX78H None 20250616 Danielle A Olinger U.S. Geological Survey, ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION Geologist mailing address

Mail Stop 973, W 6th Ave Kipling St

Lakewood CO 80225 US 303-236-7771 303-236-3200 dolinger@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999