Isabelle S. Seten Jessica Z. LeRoy Jennifer B. Sharpe 20250305 tabular digital data U.S. Geological Survey Data Release -- Reston, Va. U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Seten, I.S., Sharpe, J.B., LeRoy, J.Z., and Fazio, D.J., 2024, Bathymetry and water-quality data of surface water bodies in Cook County, Illinois, 2023: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VVHKFP. https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VVHKFP These data are single-beam bathymetry points compiled in comma separated values (CSV) file format, generated from a hydrographic survey of the northern portion of Lake Calumet in Cook County, Illinois. Hydrographic data were collected July 18-19, 2023, using a single-beam echosounder (SBES) integrated with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) mounted on a marine survey vessel. Surface water elevation data were collected July 18 utilizing a single-base real-time kinematic (RTK)/GNSS unit. Bathymetric data points were collected as the vessel traversed the northern portions of the lake along overlapping survey lines. The SBES internally collected and stored the depth data from the echosounder and the horizontal and vertical position data of the vessel from the GNSS in real time. Data processing required specialized computer software to export bathymetry data from the raw data files. A Python script was written to calculate the lakebed elevations and identify outliers in the dataset. These data are provided in comma separated values (CSV) format as LakeCalumet_SBES_20230718.csv. Data points are stored as a series of x (longitude), y (latitude), and z (elevation or depth) points along with variable length records specific to the data transects. Hydrographic data were collected to support the Cook County Bureau of Technology's (BoT) inventory efforts as part of an ongoing collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). These survey data may be used to inform management of water resources and local hydrology, assist emergency responders conducting search and rescue operations, inform construction permitting, as well as increase the overall understanding of local aquatic habitats. Bathymetric data are reported both as elevations vertically referenced to WGS84, and depths below water surface referenced to the water surface elevation at the time of the survey. Bathymetric elevations are reported as feet above sea level, therefore they are not affected by the changes to the elevation of the water surface. However, reported depth below water surface data is only representative of the water surface elevation at the time of the survey. 20230718 20230719 publication date Complete None planned -87.60129 -87.57511 41.68836 41.66996 ISO 19115 Topic Category inlandWaters geoscientificInformation USGS Thesaurus bathymetry single-beam echo sounder surface water (non-marine) surface water quality water quality USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:65a96cd6d34ebad3f34ceaa1 Common geographic areas Illinois Upper Illinois Lake Calumet None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Jennifer B Sharpe U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHEAST REGION Geographer mailing address

405 N. Goodwin Avenue

Urbana IL 61801 US 217-328-9731 217-328-9770 jbsharpe@usgs.gov LakeCalumet_SBES_20230718_thumbnail.jpg Map view of the northern portion of Lake Calumet showing 4-band aerial imagery flown in 2020 (Cook County GIS, 2021) overlain with SBES survey data from July 18-19, 2023. The greatest depths are shown as red and subsequently shallower depths are shown as orange, yellow, and green. JPG Project funding provided in part by the Cook County Bureau of Technology. Site access was also provided in part through the Cook County BoT by contacting appropriate land management. Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 10 Enterprise, Version 22H2; CEEDATA Version 4.1.0; Python version 3.9.12; Jupyter Notebook Version 6.4.12. Stuart J. Hunter 20180221 publication https://doi.org/10.1080/00224065.1986.11979014 Cook County GIS 20210601 remote-sensing image https://hub-cookcountyil.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/cookcountyil::cook-county-aerial-imagery-2020/explore No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Water-quality sensor calibrations were completed before surveying following the instructions provided for each sensor in the EXO User Manual (Xylem, 2020). Single-beam bathymetric data were processed in the python 3.9.12 environment using the Jupyter Notebook application to ensure data integrity and accuracy. This process involved identifying any potentially erroneous measurements found to fall beyond the expected range of bed elevations. This was done using a forward-backward exponentially weighted moving average (FBEWMA) (Hunter, 2018), calculated along each transect, with a span of 2 and delta of 0.5. Such values outside the expected range are indicated with 'NaN' while the pre-processed value is retained in an additional column in the dataset for reference. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Bathymetric data were obtained along survey lines distributed throughout Lake Calumet, with overlap of the survey swaths to attempt to ensure complete coverage of the lake bed. Sufficient overlap was achieved for most of the lake, though some small gaps are present. No formal accuracy assessments of the horizontal positional information in the dataset have been conducted. Data points were plotted in ArcGIS Pro to ensure that they fell within the extent of the water body shoreline boundary at the time of data collection. No formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has been conducted. CEE Hydrosystems 2016 application/service Carlsbad, Ca. CEE Hydrosystems https://ceehydrosystems.com/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 2016 publication date CEE Hydrosystems, 2016 Software for post-processing bathymetry data collected with the CEE Hydrosystems ECHO Sounder Jupyter Team 2015 application/service https://jupyter.org/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 2015 publication date Jupyter Team, 2015 Environment for post-processing Python scripts. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 201205 publication Washington, D.C. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Suggested citation: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2012. National Lake Assessments 2012 Field Operations Manual Version 1.0, accessed 5/1/2022, https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys/national-lakes-assessment-2012-field-operations-manual. https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys/national-lakes-assessment-2012-field-operations-manual Digital and/or Hardcopy 201205 publication date USEPA, 2012 Directions for completing Lake Assessments Richard J. Wagner Robert W. Boulger Jr. Carolyn J. Oblinger Brett A. Smith 200604 publication Reston, Va. U.S. Geological Survey Suggested Citation: Wagner, R.J., Boulger, R.W., Jr., Oblinger, C.J., and Smith, B.A., 2006, Guidelines and standard procedures for continuous water-quality monitors—Station operation, record computation, and data reporting: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 1–D3, https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/tm1d3 https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/tm1d3 Digital and/or Hardcopy 2006 publication date Wagner and others, 2006 Guidance on EXO Sonde Calibration Xylem 2020 publication Yellow Springs, Oh. Xylem Xylem, 2020, EXO User Manual: Item# 603789REF, Revision K., https://www.ysi.com/file%20library/documents/manuals/exo-user-manual-web.pdf. https://www.ysi.com/file%20library/documents/manuals/exo-user-manual-web.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 2020 publication date Xylem, 2020 Instructions for EXO Sonde calibration. Single beam bathymetric data of Lake Calumet were collected using a hydroacoustic instrument (echosounder) integrated with a Global Navigation Satellite System receiver. Echosounders measure the time it takes for an emitted "beam" of sound to travel down through the water column, reflect off the bed, and then travel back up through the water column to the instrument. Depth is calculated based on the measured travel time, the speed of sound in water, and the echosounder draft measurement. Note that the speed of sound in water and the echosounder draft are programmed values used by the onboard processor to compute the collected depth measurements in real time. Data were later geo-referenced to real-world coordinates using positional information from the GNSS receiver. This survey utilized a CEE Hydrosystems ECHO Sounder programmed to send 5 pings per second at a frequency of 200 kHz, integrated with a Hemisphere V102, deployed from a manned boat. 202307 Water-Quality data was collected using a YSI EXO2 Multi-parameter sonde deployed from the survey vessel near the center of the water body at a shallow depth. The multi-parameter sonde was configured to measure barometric pressure, temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH. A secchi disk reading was also collected while in the survey vessel to determine water clarity (Wagner and others, 2006.) Wagner and others, 2006 Xylem, 2020 202307 A general lake assessment was completed at the time of the survey, following the approach described in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Lake Assessments 2012 Field Operations Manual (USEPA, 2012). The information assembled for Lake Calumet is derived from the Lake Assessment forms document and includes five main components: (1) Site activities and disturbances observed (categorized as residential, recreational, agricultural or industrial), (2) General lake information (hydrologic lake type, outlet dams, low elevation flight hazards, motorboat density, swimability, and lake level changes if any), (3) Shoreline characteristics (percentage of shoreline that is forest, grass, shrub, wetland, bare ground, agriculture, and shoreline modifications), (4) Qualitative macrophyte survey (percentage of aquatic vegetation coverage in and on the surface of the water), and (5) Water body character (rating the visual appeal and ecological disturbance of the water body). USEPA, 2012 20230719 Real-time kinematic (RTK) water-surface elevation measurements were collected at the time of the survey using a single-base Trimble RTK/GNSS receiver and data collector. Two measurements were recorded at the surface of the water body. Two measurements were collected following the 'RT Blunder check' process (USGS TM11D1, 2012), which involves taking an initial water-surface elevation measurement, re-approaching the objective point from a different path, re-initializing the rover, changing the rod height, then taking a second water-surface elevation measurement. Both elevations, in feet, referenced vertically to WGS84, were averaged to determine the lake water surface elevation to use in post-processing of the bathymetric data. 20230718 Raw bathymetric data recorded with the CEE ECHO Sounder were exported as multiple .csc files, one for each transect of the survey. These .csc files were then processed through CEEData (CEE Hydrosystems, 2016) where each csc file in converted to and saved as a .csv. Each file contains all bathymetric survey transect data, and configuration information such as the echosounder draft and sound velocity calculation. CEE Hydrosystems, 2016 20230720 Exported csv files were then post-processed with a Python script utilizing Jupyter Notebook (Jupyter Team, 2015). The script was written to produce a single .csv of all single-beam data collected at Lake Calumet. The script first identifies potential outliers in the data presumed to misrepresent the bed elevation of the water body. This is common across all water body surveys as air bubbles, aquatic vegetation, and other organisms may be detected by the echo-sounder and recorded as a data point. Outliers are identified in the script with a forwards-backwards exponentially weighted moving average (FBEWMA) (Hunter, 2018) calculated along each transect. Data points that call outside a specified distance from the FBEWMA are replaced with 'NaN'(Not a Number). Bed elevation is then calculated in the script by subtracting recorded depth data from the averaged water surface elevation. The original depth and computed elevation values of the identified outleirs are stored in the output file for reference. Data columns are arranged in pairs with original values reported first, followed by a column with the outliers identified (ex. Column E is titled "Depth_m", column F is "Depth_filtered_m", and column G is titled "Elev_m" followed by column H "Elev_filtered_m"). Jupyter Team, 2015 20230803 LakeCalumet_SBES_20230718.csv A comma separated value (csv) file containing bathymetric data for Lake Calumet. Producer Defined Line_ID The transect identification number assigned to the data point during bathymetric data collection. Producer Defined 1 63 Line_dist_m The distance along the transect where the data point was recorded. Producer Defined 0.0 4133.704 Easting_m UTM Easting coordinate, zone 16 North, referenced horizontally to WGS84. Producer Defined 450032.8 451894.2 Decimal Degrees Northing_m UTM northing coordinate, zone 16 North, referenced horizontally to WGS84. Producer Defined 4613431.2 4615250.8 Decimal Degrees Depth_m Recorded depth, in meters, below water surface, determined by adding the measured depth to the echosounder draft. Producer Defined 0.46 9.72 Meters Depth_filtered_m Recorded depth, in meters, below water surface determined by adding the measured depth to the echosounder draft. Values identified as outliers are replaced with 'NaN' using a Python script (see processing step 6). Producer Defined NaN Not a Number - Depth filtered out by Python script (see processing step 6). Producer defined 0.48 9.72 Meters Elev_m Elevation of lake bottom, in meters, calculated as the difference between the surveyed depth ('Depth_m') from the average of two water-surface elevations measured with RTK technology (see processing step 4). Elevations vertically referenced to WGS84. Producer Defined 167.24 176.5 Meters Elev_filtered_m Elevation of lake bottom, in meters, calculated by subtracting the recorded depth, excluding identified outliers ('Depth_filtered_m') from the average of two water-surface elevations measured with RTK technology. Elevations are vertically referenced to WGS84. Producer Defined NaN Not a Number - Depth value used to compute bed elevation filtered out by Python script (see processing step 6). Producer defined 167.24 176.48 Meters Depth_ft Recorded distance below the water surface, converted to feet from meters ('Depth_m') by Python script. Producer Defined 1.51 31.89 Feet Depth_filtered_ft Recorded distance below the water surface, converted to feet from meters ('Depth_filtered_m') by the Python script. Producer Defined NaN Not a Number - Depth filtered out by Python script (see processing step 6) Producer defined 1.57 31.89 Feet Elev_ft Elevation of lake bottom, converted to feet from meters ('Elev_m') by Python script. Elevations are vertically referenced to WGS84. Producer Defined 548.69 579.07 Feet Elev_filtered_ft Elevation of lake bottom, excluding identified outliers, converted to feet from meters ('Elev_filtered_m') by Python script. Elevations are vertically referenced to WGS84. Producer Defined NaN Not a Number - Depth value used to compute bed elevation filtered out by Python script (see processing step 6). Producer defined 548.69 579.0 Feet GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VVHKFP None 20250305 Isabelle S Seten U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHEAST REGION Physical Scientist mailing address

405 N. Goodwin Avenue

Urbana IL 61801 US 217-328-9742 217-328-9770 iseten@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998