Jeffrey R. Kennedy 20250904 groundwater model Reston, VA, USA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VH7C73 Libby M. Wildermuth Jeffrey R. Kennedy Jacob L. Conrad 2024 Publication Scientific Investigations Report 2024-XXXX Reston, VA, USA U.S. Geological Survey A three-dimensional unsaturated-zone flow model was developed using Hydrus-3D (PC-Progress, Inc.) to simulate managed aquifer recharge at the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project (SHARP) in Tucson, AZ. Recharge of up to about 4,000 acre-feet per year takes place at three surface basins. The model simulates variable-saturated flow in the unsaturated zone and groundwater mounding. The local-scale model (2 km x 2 km) does not simulate regional groundwater flow. The model was calibrated using groundwater-level data, repeat microgravity data, and PEST++ model calibration software. Additional information about the model and results is in the U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations report 2024-XXXX (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX). Running the model requires a (paid) license for Hydrus-3D software. The Hydrus-3D model of managed aquifer recharge at the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project (SHARP) in Tucson, AZ was created for the purpose of identifying movement of recharged water in the subsurface, in particular the extent of groundwater mounding and to evaluate the presence of lateral flow in the unsaturated zone. Support is provided for correcting errors in the data release and clarification of the modeling conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. Users are encouraged to review the model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX) to understand the purpose, construction, and limitations of this model. The model will run successfully only if the original directory structure is correctly restored. The model archive is broken into several pieces to reduce the likelihood of download timeouts. Instructions for reconstructing the original directory structure and running the model included in this data release and described in the model documentation report can be found in the readme.txt ASCII file which can be downloaded as part of this data release. Files in this data release include: -readme.txt: ASCII text file that describes the model data release. This file also includes instructions on how to run the models contained in this data release. -modelgeoref.txt: ASCII text file that defines the four corners of the model domain in decimal degrees. -ancillary.zip: ZIP file containing ancillary data including a MATLAB routine used to simulate gravity change from water-content changes simulated by Hydrus-3D. Also included are gravity station coordinates, observed gravity and groundwater-level change, and a template file used for Pest++ runs. -bin.zip: ZIP file containing the 64-bit executables for Pest++ used to run the parameter identification and the sensitivity analyses documented in this data release. -georef.zip: ZIP file containing a shapefile which defines the extent of the model domain and active portions of the model. -model.zip: ZIP file containing the input files for the Hydrus-3D model. -output.zip: ZIP file containing the output files from the Pest++M parameter identification analyses (pestpp-glm), and automated (pestpp-sen) and manual parameter sensitivity analyses. -source.zip: ZIP file containing Source files for Pest++ used to run the parameter identification and sensitivity analyses documented in this data release. 20201208 20221022 See Supplemental Info Complete Not planned -110.79390 -110.77260 32.15560 32.13760 ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation inlandWaters environment USGS Thesaurus groundwater gravitational field (earth) unsaturated zone geophysics none usgsgroundwatermodel Hydrus-3D Groundwater Model Southwest Gravity Program USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6585dbe7d34eff134d435d4a Geographic Names Information System Arizona Pima County Tucson None. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from this data release. These groundwater model input and output files are provided to support the analyses documented in the associated report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX). Although the information contained in the model files may be useful for other purposes, it is incumbent on the user to understand the purpose, construction, and limitations of this model. Data have been checked to ensure consistency with the accompanying report. If any errors are detected, please notify the originating office. Jeffrey R Kennedy U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Research Hydrologist mailing address

2255 North Gemini Drive

Flagstaff AZ 86001 US 928-556-7087 928-556-7112 jkennedy@usgs.gov Tucson Water None Unclassified None Michael Landrum 2024 tabular digital data U.S. Geological Survey data release 1 Reston, VA, USA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E19SSK The model was calibrated using the pestpp-glm executable in the Pest++ package. Change in groundwater elevation (drawdown) and change in gravity were used as calibration targets. Parameter uncertainty estimates are included in the output directory and accompanying report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX). No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record and the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX) for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted The process used to develop, calibrate, and apply the model is fully described in the model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX). 2024 Vector G-polygon 1 Universal Transverse Mercator 12 0.9996 -111.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 SIR2024_XXXX.shp ESRI Polygon shapefile U.S. Geological Survey Area Text string indicating is polygon area is active or inactive in the model. https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX usgsgroundwatermodel Delineation of active and inactive areas in the model. https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX This model application data release contains all the model input and output files needed to replicate the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX). https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2024XXXX GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although the data, software, and related material have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), reviewed for accuracy and completeness, and approved for release by the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Although the data have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from authorized or unauthorized use. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Digital datasets None 341.261 https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VH7C73 None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. 20250904 Jeffrey R. Kennedy U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Research Hydrologist mailing

2255 N. Gemini Dr.

Flagstaff AZ 86004 United States 928-556-7087 jkennedy@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998