David A. Lockner 20230810 tabular digital data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WUM58E The data are time series of laboratory strength and permeability measurements of 5 rock types. The tests were conducted as part of an interlaboratory comparison to determine repeatability of measurements using different test equipment and measurement techniques. These data represent the USGS contribution to the study. Other contributing organizations are archiving data sets separately. Data were collected to compare consistency of results from different laboratories using different equipment and different measurement techniques. 20230601 observed Complete None planned tests were performed in rock mechanics laboaratory on USGS menlo park campus -122.172883 -122.168312 37.457997 37.454795 ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation None permeability, strength, stress USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:649c90aed34ef77fcb03a9db None stress permeability strength None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. David A Lockner U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Research Geophysicist mailing address

Mail Stop 977, 345 Middlefield Road

Menlo Park CA 94025 US 650-329-4826 650-329-5163 dlockner@usgs.gov Axial stress: 0.05 MPa Confining pressure: 0.05 MPa pore pressure: 0.01 MPa displacement: 0.0001 mm pore volume: 0.0001 ml data fall withing expected ranges n/a Strength tests were performed in a triaxial testing configuration at constant confining pressure between10 and 150 MPa. Constant strain rate of 10 microstrain per second. Room temperature. Permeability measurements were made at effective confining pressure of 10, 30, 60 and 100 MPa. Three sandstones, one granite and one marble rock types were tested. 20230601 SierraGranite_perm.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined seconds running time (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 87929 853449 seconds Pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 19.921 110.387 MPa 0.05 Pplo mpa low side pore pressure Producer Defined 7.9816 10.2156 MPa 0.01 Pphi mpa high side pore pressure Producer Defined 7.9798 11.0188 MPa 0.01 Pvol_hi ml pore volume Producer Defined -0.005312 0.1732 ml 0.0001 CrabOrchardSandstone_perm.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined seconds running time (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 17881 883101 Pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 19.922 110.45 MPa 0.05 Pplo mpa low side pore pressure Producer Defined 8.8731 10.0848 MPa 0.01 Pphi mpa high side pore pressure Producer Defined 7.5849 13.2704 MPa 0.01 Pvol_hi ml pore volume Producer Defined -0.004753 0.233833 ml 0.0001 BereaSandstone_perm.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined seconds running time (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 68935 320071 Pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 10.122 100.687 MPa 0.05 Pphi mpa pore pressure Producer Defined -0.0885 6.3571 MPa 0.01 Pvol ml pore volume Producer Defined -0.0055 9.0604 ml 0.0001 WilkesonSandstone_perm.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined seconds running time (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 63845 823044 Pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 10.552 114.58 MPa 0.05 Pplo mpa low side pore pressure Producer Defined -0.0887 13.5714 MPa 0.01 Pphi mpa high side pore pressure Producer Defined -0.0901 13.5742 MPa 0.01 Pvol_hi ml pore volume Producer Defined -0.001413 0.252716 ml 0.0001 BereaSandstone_strength.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined id sample id (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 1 7 seconds running time Producer Defined 5658 96626 sigma1 mpa axial stress Producer Defined 12.015 449.919 MPa 0.05 pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 12.019 152.37 MPa 0.05 pp mpa pore pressure Producer Defined -0.08 2.042 MPa 0.01 dz mm axial shortening Producer Defined -0.1081 5.002 mm 0.0001 difstr mpa differential stress Producer Defined -0.355 297.964 CarraraMarble_strength.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined id sample id (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 31 37 seconds running time Producer Defined 30 78805 sigma1 mpa axial stress Producer Defined 10.074 505.255 MPa 0.05 pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 10.023 150.703 MPa 0.05 pp mpa pore pressure Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined nan nan MPa 0.01 dz mm axial shortening Producer Defined -0.0098 6.0011 mm 0.0001 difstr mpa differential stess Producer Defined -0.611 355.404 CrabOrchardSandstone_strength.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined id sample id (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 14 30 seconds running time Producer Defined 2722.0 95045.0 sigma1 mpa axial stress Producer Defined 9.807 1004.123 MPa 0.05 pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 10.014 157.583 MPa 0.05 pp mpa pore pressure Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 0.122 2.064 MPa 0.01 dz mm axial shortening Producer Defined -0.098 5.0028 mm 0.0001 difstr mpa differential stress Producer Defined -3.941 854.332 MPa 0.05 SierraGranite_strength.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined id sample id (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 18 28 seconds running time Producer Defined 1583 100789 sigma1 mpa axial stress Producer Defined 9.866 1007.942 MPa 0.05 pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 9.92 157.669 MPa 0.05 pp mpa pore pressure Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined nan nan MPa 0.01 dz mm axial shortening Producer Defined -0.0951 5.0085 mm 0.0001 difstr mpa differential stress Producer Defined -3.696 858.3 MPa 0.05 WilkesonSandstone_strength.txt tab delimited text file. Producer Defined id sample id (see Overview for details) Producer Defined 8 20 seconds running time Producer Defined 12160 95872 sigma1 mpa axial stress Producer Defined 11.512 520.383 MPa 0.05 pc mpa confining pressure Producer Defined 12.03 152.092 MPa 0.05 MPa pp mpa pore pressure Producer Defined << empty cell >> No Data Producer defined 0.362 4.139 MPa 0.01 dz mm axial shortening Producer Defined -0.2331 5.0015 mm 0.0001 difstr mpa differential stress Producer Defined -0.851 368.371 MPa 0.05 These files are time series of 4 permeability tests and 36 triaxial fracture experiments. All tests were conducted at the USGS Rock Deformation Laboratory in Menlo Park, CA. PERMEABILITY TESTS. Experiments were performed on 24.5 mm diameter cylinders of 4 different rock types. Rock type and sample length were as follows: Berea sandstone, L = 56.567 mm Wilkeson sandstone, L = 49.860 mm Crab Orchard sandstone, L = 49.911 mm Sierra white granite, L = 49.809 mm All samples were surface ground on ends and circumference before testing. Deionized water was used for all tests. Confining and pore pressures were held constant to measure permeability under steady flow rate conditions and applying Darcy’s law to calculate permeability from measured flow rate. For Berea sample, flow rate and pressure drop across the sample oscillated by approximately 15 percent due to pressure control limitation of the pore pressure pump. Pressure drop and flow rate were averaged over a minimum time interval of 300 seconds to calculate permeability. Samples with lower permeability were measured for longer time intervals to obtain sufficient flow for flow rate calculations. We define effective confining pressure as (confining pressure – pore pressure). Then, for each sample, effective confining pressure was cycled three times in the sequence: 10, 30, 60, 100, 30, 60, 100, 30, 60, 100 [MPa]. Permeability was measured at each effective confining pressure step. Because of the high flow rates, the low pressure side of the Berea sample was vented to atmospheric pressure and the high pressure side ranged between approximately 0.07 and 0.11 MPa. All other tests were conducted with pore pressure controlled on high and low sides, respectively, of 10.5 and 9.5 MPa, for a pore pressure drop of 1.0 MPa. Columns in data files are BereaSandstone_perm col 1: Running time in seconds with arbitrary zero col 2: Confining pressure [MPa] col 3: Pore pressure (high side) [MPa] col 4: Pore volume of high side pump [ml] with arbitrary zero WilkesonSandstone_perm, CrabOrchardSandstone_perm, SierraGranite_perm: col 1: Running time in seconds with arbitrary zero col 2: Confining pressure [MPa] col 3: Pore pressure (high side) [MPa] col 4: Pore pressure (low side) [MPa] col 5: Pore volume of high side pump [ml] with arbitrary zero STRENGTH TESTS. Experiments were performed on 25.4 mm diameter rock cylinders with nominal lengths of 63.5 mm. Experiments were at room temperature, constant confining pressure and constant axial shortening rate of 0.635 microns/sec (nominal strain rate of 1x10^-5 sec^-1), with or without pore water. All data were recorded at 1 second time intervals. Experiments were grouped as follows Berea sandstone: experiment id 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07 Wilkeson sandstone: experiment id 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 13, 20 Crab Orchard sandstone: experiment id 14, 15, 16, 17, 25, 27, 29, 30 Sierra White granite: experiment id 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28 Carrara marble: experiment id 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 If an experiment was performed dry, then the pore pressure column is blank. Columns are defined as follows: col 1: Sample ID as listed above col 2: Running time in seconds with arbitrary zero col 3: Axial stress in [MPa] col 4: Confining pressure in [MPa] col 5: Pore pressure in [MPa] col 6: Axial Shortening [mm] col 7: Differential stress = Axial stress – Confining pressure [MPa] Axial stress is measured with a load cell outside of the pressure vessel Axial displacement is measured outside of the pressure vessel and includes elastic shortening of part of the piston as well as shortening of the sample. n/a U.S. Geological Survey GS ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WUM58E None 20230810 David A Lockner U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Research Geophysicist mailing address

Mail Stop 977, 345 Middlefield Road

Menlo Park CA 94025 US 650-329-4826 650-329-5163 dlockner@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999