USGS:64400237d34ee8d4ade6cefa eng; USA Parent Metadata Jennifer Cramer Metadata Contact whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov 2023-08-24 ISO 19139 ISO 19115-2:2009(E) EPSG::6347 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG EPSG::5703 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG Vegetation surveys, ground reference data, and photos collected during uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) operations: Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS), MD, October 10 - 14, 2022 2022-10-10 2022-10-11 2022-10-12 2022-10-14 2023-08-24 1.0 https://doi.org/10.5066/P916LRZN Jennifer M. Cramer Geographer 508-548-8700 x2314 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA jcramer@usgs.gov Alexandra D. Evans Postdoctoral Researcher 508-548-8700 x2354 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA adevans@usgs.gov Sandra M. Brosnahan Physical Scientist 508-548-8700 x2265 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA sbrosnahan@usgs.gov Jin-Si R Over Geographer 508-548-8700 x2297 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543 USA jover@usgs.gov Seth D. Ackerman Geologist 508-548-8700 x2315 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA sackerman@usgs.gov Erika Lentz Research Geologist 508-548-8700 x2238 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543 USA elentz@usgs.gov Bill Hulslander Chief of Resource Management 410-629-6061 7205 Stephen Decatur Hwy Berlin MD 21811 bill_hulslander@nps.gov U.S. Geological Survey 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston Virginia 20192 USA Data Release DOI:10.5066/P916LRZN Low-altitude (70 m above ground level) aerial images were collected over five areas of interest within the northern portion of Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS) in mid-October, 2022. These images were collected to generate photogrammetric products (e.g. digital surface model (DSM), reflectance orthomosaic) to support science and data needs of National Park managers attempting to locate invasive Phragmites australis expansion. A DJI Matrice 600 uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) was equipped with a MicaSense Altum-PT multispectral camera and a Ricoh GRII true-color RGB camera to collect images simultaneously with sufficient overlap for photogrammetric processing. Ground control points (GCPs), black and white targets visible in the imagery, were deployed prior to imagery collection to improve the horizontal and vertical accuracy of the DEM, orthomosaic, and reflectance products. GCP locations are recorded using Wi-Fi-enabled or survey-collected Real Time Kinematic Global Position System (RTK-GPS) information. Ground-reference vegetation and spectral profile data were collected to aid in imagery analysis, including training and validation for machine learning classification techniques. This data release includes the following: (1) original images from the Ricoh GRII and MicaSense Altum-PT cameras (2) the GCPs needed to produce accurate photogrammetry products, (3) physical and GPS data from the vegetation survey, (4) spectral reflectance profiles and GPS data, and (5) photogrammetric products, including DSMs from both imagery datasets, a true-color orthomosaic and a reflectance orthomosaic. Vegetation surveys were done to provide ground-reference vegetation data for training machine learning models for imagery classification as well as for validation of results. Sandra M. Brosnahan Physical Scientist 508-548-8700 x2265 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA sbrosnahan@usgs.gov Placeholder for maintenance information U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center WHCMSC Carlson SurvCE Global Positioning System GPS Spectra Precision SP80 vegetation vegetation survey quadrat percent cover vegetation height vegetation types Field activity 2022-030-FA CSV field notes navigational data None 2023-03-07T05:00:00.730+00:00 custom biota elevation environment geoscientificInformation location oceans ISO 19115 Topic Category 2014-04 ISO 19115-1:2014 ISO 19115 Topic Category USA Maryland Berlin Assateague Island National Seashore ASIS Place 2023-03-07T05:00:00.744+00:00 custom plot sampling GPS measurement field activity logs vegetation USGS Thesaurus 2021-04-14T04:00:00.675+00:00 custom Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Topographic and multispectral reflectance products, aerial imagery, spectral reflectance profiles, vegetation surveys, and associated GPS data collected during uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) operations: Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland, October 10-14, 2022 2022-10-10 2022-10-11 2022-10-12 2022-10-13 2022-10-14 2023-08-24 1.0 10.5066/P916LRZN Jennifer M. Cramer Geographer 508-548-8700 x2314 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA jcramer@usgs.gov Alexandra D. Evans Postdoctoral Researcher 508-548-8700 x2354 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA adevans@usgs.gov Sandra M. Brosnahan Physical Scientist 508-548-8700 x2265 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA sbrosnahan@usgs.gov Jin-Si R Over Geographer 508-548-8700 x2297 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543 USA jover@usgs.gov Seth D. Ackerman Geologist 508-548-8700 x2315 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA sackerman@usgs.gov Erika Lentz Research Geologist 508-548-8700 x2238 508-457-2310 384 Woods Hole Rd Woods Hole MA 02543 USA elentz@usgs.gov Bill Hulslander Chief of Resource Management 410-629-6061 7205 Stephen Decatur Hwy Berlin MD 21811 bill_hulslander@nps.gov data release DOI:10.5066/P916LRZN Cramer, J.M., Evans, A.D., Brosnahan, S.M., Over, J.R., Ackerman, S.D., Lentz, E.E., and Hulslander, B., 2023, Topographic and multispectral reflectance products, aerial imagery, spectral reflectance profiles, vegetation surveys, and associated GPS data collected during uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) operations - Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland, October 10-14, 2022: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P916LRZN. eng; USA biota elevation environment geoscientificInformation location oceans Vegetation surveys at ASIS true -75.13732 -75.09451 38.2419 38.32403 ground condition 2022-10-10 2022-10-14 4 These data were collected by the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program under USGS field activity number 2022-030-FA. The field activity webpage (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022-030-FA) contains additional information regarding the field activity. U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase 1-888- 275-8747 Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 Denver CO 80225 sciencebase@usgs.gov None JPEG inapplicable CSV inapplicable JPEG inapplicable zipped JPEG files 3816 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EJOWTY Imagery Data System DOI redirect link to the Imagery Data System (IDS) landing page, where images described in this resource can be downloaded. CSV file 0.082 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/64400237d34ee8d4ade6cefa ScienceBase Download link for the tabular data described in this resource. JPEG files 5.326 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/64400237d34ee8d4ade6cefa?name=VegSurvey_child_browse1.jpg&allowOpen=true ScienceBase Link to open browse graphic in browser window. Attribute_Accuracy_report ArcGIS Pro software was used to generate a set of ~50 randomized points within the bounds of each UAS survey. The smartphone app Avenza Maps was used to navigate to the random points to be surveyed by RTK GPS. A Spectra Precision SP80 GNSS Real-Time Kinematic-GPS was used to survey the center of a 1x1 meter PVC quadrat, which acted as an AOI for each random point. Notes on terrain type, vegetation height, and vegetation density were recorded in a field notebook and later transcribed into the spreadsheet "2022-030-FA_ASIS_VegetationSurveys_Points.csv" in the larger work citation. Reference photos were collected with smartphones belonging to field crew and were later uploaded to the local data server. Logical_Consistency_report The field notebook used during vegetation surveys was set up with the following columns: 1) the RTK point ID as seen on the handheld, 2) the terrain code (e.g. NV = not vegetation, P =phragmites, OV = other vegetation), 3) notes on specific terrain features (e.g. sand, grass, short phragmites), 4) height of the tallest vegetation within 6 inches of the rover pole at the center of the AOI, and 5) the vegetation density. These notes along with the RTK survey data were later combined into a single CSV spreadsheet (2022-030-FA_ASIS_VegetationSurveys_Points.csv). Images were collected by smartphones belonging to members of the Aerial Imaging and Mapping Group (AIMG) and were uploaded to a shared drive. Three categories of photos were collected: 1) Landscape photos that are not associated with any particular sampling site and serve only as reference imagery for landscape condition, 2) Quadrat photos that were collected at all sampling sites, which included context and top-down view photos of the sample, as well as photos of the RTK-GPS handheld screen and the ruler showing vegetation height, and 3) "Sandsnap" photos, which were collected at unvegetated sites for remote sensing grain size analysis. Images were renamed to include survey ID, project site, reference photo ID (for quadrat photos only), and photo type (see Data_Processing statement in Lineage). Metadata contained in image file headers were modified for all photos to include standard USGS tags. Completeness_report 22 to 47 points were surveyed for location and terrain information at each ASIS area for a total of 136 points. The maps of ~50 random points generated in ArcGIS were used to avoid biasing certain terrain types and were generally followed as a guide. Deviation from the randomized points occurred where locations were inaccessible, at which point field crews would select closest accessible location. New points were created if field crews spotted unique or underrepresented terrain types. How much time, following the completion of UAS and GCP surveys, was the limiting factor and reason for the varying numbers of points surveyed at each site. Field notes were combined with RTK-GPS locations into a single tabular CSV file, "2022-030-FA_ASIS_VegetationSurveys_Points.csv", with the following column headers: 'Date' - date in MM/DD/YYYY format, 'Reference Photo ID' - a number assigned to the sample site in order to link photos and RTK data with the summary data, 'ID' - the point ID from the rover handheld, 'Latitude', Longitude', 'Ellipsoid_height_NAD83(2011)', 'Northing', 'Easting', 'Orthometric_height_NAVD88', 'Terrain' - a code designating whether the sample is not vegetation (NV), other vegetation (OV), or Phragmites (P), 'Veg Height (cm)', and 'Veg Density (%)'. 240 landscape photos, 542 quadrat photos, and 12 "Sandsnap" photos were collected for a total of 794 photos for a total size of 3.8 GB. No photos were collected for point 118 on 10/10/2022 and so the reference ID photo number 32 was not used in the summary data or in photo names. Image location information is provided in the CSV file titled "2022030FA_Veg_Image_Locs.csv." A data dictionary describing the tabular data is provided as a CSV file titled "DataDictionary_Veg.csv." Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_report Horizontal positions were determined with the GNSS rovers receiving real-time differential corrections from the Maryland Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) network. Horizontal accuracy of the vinyl targets based on the surveys of stake locations and known benchmarks was 2.45 cm. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_report Vertical positions were determined with the GNSS rovers receiving real-time differential corrections from the Maryland CORS network. Vertical accuracy of the vinyl targets based on the surveys of stake locations and known benchmarks was 2.54 cm. Collection Field crews navigated as close as possible to the random points using Avenza maps. At each survey point the quadrat is placed on the ground and the RTK operator surveyed the center of the AOI. The RTK-GPS rover pole is left at the center to serve as a reference object in photos. The terrain type (OV, NV, or P), notes on terrain details, height of the tallest individual plant within 6 inches of the RTK-GPS rover pole, and estimated vegetation density (%), are recorded in the field notebook. Contextual photos are collected to serve as reference. Additional "Sandsnap" photos were collected at "non-vegetated" sites to be used for grain size analysis. Data_processing Location data for each sample site were exported from the SP80 handheld as a text file in the RW5 format and then processed (referenced to the base OPUS rapid static solution) and exported to CSV files using the Carlson Report Generator for a SurvCE RW5 Report (https://www.carlsonemea.com/cwa/report). The specified output coordinate system was NAD83(2011) UTM zone 18N (EPSG::6347) for horizontal and NAVD88 (geoid 18) (EPSG::5703) for vertical. Images were renamed to ensure unique filenames following the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program's best practices for image naming convention: "FieldActivityID_ASIS_refID_#_PhotoType_#.tif" (e.g. "2022-030-FA_ASIS_refID_1_context.jpg", "2022-030-FA_ASIS_Landscape_1.jpg") Field activity ID is a unique identifier assigned to the field effort under which the data was collected (e.g. 2022030FA), ASIS is the four letter code for Assateague Island National Seashore, refID_# is a number (only in quadrat photo names) assigned to the sample site in order to link quadrat photos and RTK data with the summary data, PhotoType denotes which category the photo belongs to (e.g. Landscape vs Context), and the final # is the number of that photo type for that sample site. To ensure compliance with USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program's best practices for image exif, exif tags were added using a csv containing header information for each photo and the following Exiftool script, 'exiftool -csv="C:\directory\name\EXIF.csv" C:\directory\name\of\photos *.jpg'. The following tags were added to the image exif: -IPTC:Credit="U.S. Geological Survey" -IPTC:Contact="WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov" -EXIF:Copyright="Public Domain" -XMP:UsageTerms="Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty." -EXIF:Image description="https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022-030-FA; Photographs collected via cell phone at quadrat locations surveyed in the field. Multiple photographs per quadrat were taken to provide landscape context, top-down view of each quadrat, screen of the survey logger, and vegetation height or water depth measurement, if applicable). Photographs were taken at Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, Maryland, during USGS field activity 2022-030-FA." -XMP:AttributionURL="https://doi.org/10.5066/P916LRZN" -EXIF:GPSMapDatum="EPSG:4326 (WGS 84)" -IPTC:Keywords="Assateague Island National Seashore, USGS, 2022-030-FA, vegetation survey, quadrat" -EXIF:Artist="WHCMSC AIM Group" -XMP:PreservedFilename<Filename The images for this data release have been uploaded to the Imagery Data System (IDS), which renames the images to safeguard from accidental overwriting. A user can restore the preserved filename with ExifTool. It is recommended to test on a single image before running on all images. To test on a single image: exiftool "-Filename<XMP:PreservedFilename" filename.jpg Once desired output is confirmed, use this code to rename all images in the folder: exiftool "-Filename<XMP:PreservedFilename" -overwrite_original -P *.jpg *note that the case of the image extension may matter (e.g. JPG vs jpg) After images were uploaded to the IDS, a CSV file was downloaded containing exif header information parsed from the each photo upon accession in to the IDS. This CSV was edited to contain only the image names and locations with the following column headers: 'preservedfilename', 'gpsmapdatum' in EPSG format, 'lat' (latitude), 'latref' (North), 'lng' (longitude), 'lngref' (West). 2023-08-01 Modified metadata to pass Oxygen validation, add the distribution liability, and change some DateTime element to the more appropriate date element.