Michelle M Irizarry-Ortiz Marilyn Santiago Marco Pazmino-Hernandez Sarah Khalid 20230317 spreadsheet Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Irizarry-Ortiz, M., Santiago, M., Pazmino-Hernandez, M., and Khalid, S., 2023, Estimated public-supply water withdrawals by water source and municipality in Puerto Rico, 2019: U.S. Geological Survey, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HWON2W. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HWON2W Public-supply water withdrawals in Puerto Rico have been compiled annually since 2014 as part of an ongoing effort between the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority and the U.S Geological Survey. In 2019, the total amount of public-supply water withdrawn in Puerto Rico was estimated at 590 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) from freshwater sources. Surface-water withdrawals accounted for 527 Mgal/d (89 percent) and groundwater withdrawals accounted for 63 Mgal/d (11 percent). Population served by public-supply water systems accounted for 3.3 million people, almost 100 percent of the total population. Public-supply water withdrawals were tabulated by municipality and by public water system. Public-supply water withdrawal totals estimated for 2019 are compiled as part of an ongoing effort between the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA) and the U.S Geological Survey (USGS), Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center to estimate public-supply water withdrawals in Puerto Rico, annually since 2014. Data are provided in two tables (1 and 2) and described in separate metadata files. Table 1 provides estimated 2019 public-supply water withdrawal totals by water source and municipality for PRASA and non-PRASA systems. Table 2 provides estimated 2019 public-supply water withdrawal totals by water source and PRASA public water system identification. This metadata file is associated with Table 1. 2019 ground condition Complete Annually -67.3077 -65.2039 18.5369 17.9003 ISO 19115 Topic Category environment inlandWaters None water withdrawals withdrawals public supply domestic water use USGS water use USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6408d1cfd34e76f5f75e4a65 Geographic Names Information System Puerto Rico None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Michelle M Irizarry-Ortiz U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHEAST REGION Hydrologist mailing address

12703 Research Parkway Suite 200

Orlando FL 32826 US 407-803-5569 407-803-5501 mirizarry-ortiz@usgs.gov Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center, in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority and the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board Windows 10, Excel Sources of uncertainty include: 1. The lack of of monitoring data at PRASA surface-water intakes results in the need to split up the total annual raw-water inflow volume to each PRASA water-treatment plant (WTP) between its surface-water intakes. The split is based on the estimated fraction of raw-water inflow to the WTP that comes from each surface-water intake (fractional-distribution information provided by PRASA in 2022). It is not known whether the provided fractional distribution across intakes applies to every year for which water withdrawals are estimated as part of this study or if said fractions vary from year to year. In addition to the fractional distribution during normal (non-drought) conditions, PRASA provided the USGS with the fractional distribution of withdrawals across surface-water intakes for some WTPs during the recent drought period. There is no detailed record of when these or similar drought operations have been implemented in the past by PRASA. 2. Per capita water use derived from PRASA domestic-delivery data for 2016 was used to estimate the total annual volume withdrawn from non-PRASA public-supply wells and surface-water intakes in 2017-20. Meteorological and other conditions may different between 2017-20 and 2016; therefore, the 2016 per capita water use values may not hold in 2017-20. Since non-PRASA withdrawals are on the order of 1–2 percent of the total withdrawals, this choice does not likely introduce major errors in the total island-wide water withdrawals. 3. Withdrawals are assigned to the municipality and PRASA public water system identification (PWSID) where the withdrawal takes place, as opposed to where the water is used. The geographic coordinates of surface-water intakes and public-supply wells are used to determine the municipality and PWSID that they withdraw from. Municipality boundaries are often defined by streams. As a result, inaccuracies in the geographic coordinates of a surface-water intake may result in the withdrawal being assigned to the wrong municipality. This is likely less of a problem for public-supply wells, which are less likely to be located at municipality boundaries than surface-water intakes, but it may still be an issue. No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. PRASA 2022 tabular digital data Data provided by PRASA - Assistant Director for Planning. Data obtained directly from PRASA and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact PRASA for more information. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date 2019 PRASA production data Used to calculate 2019 total annual raw-water inflow volume to each PRASA WTP and the total annual water volume pumped from PRASA public-supply wells. Municipality of Carolina - Municipal Aqueduct Department 2022 tabular digital data Data provided by Municipality of Carolina - Municipal Aqueduct Department. Data obtained directly from Municipality of Carolina and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact Municipality of Carolina for more information. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date 2019 Carolina WTP production data Included in 2019 total annual surface-water withdrawals for non-PRASA systems. PRASA 2022 vector digital data Data provided by PRASA - Assistant Director for Planning. Data obtained directly from PRASA and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact PRASA for more information. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date 2019 PRASA WSAID/PWSID shapefile Used to determine WSAID and PWSID where each public-supply well and surface-water intake (PRASA and non-PRASA) is located. PRASA 2022 tabular digital data Data provided by PRASA - Assistant Director for Planning. Data obtained directly from PRASA and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact PRASA for more information. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date PRASA Well and SW intake coords Used to determine WSAID and PWSID where each public-supply well and surface-water intake (PRASA and non-PRASA) is located. PRDOH 2022 tabular digital data Data provided by PRDOH - Drinking Water Program. Data obtained directly from PRDOH and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact PRDOH for more information. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date Non-PRASA Well and SW intake coords Used to determine WSAID and PWSID where each public-supply well and surface-water intake (PRASA and non-PRASA) is located. PRDOH 2022 tabular digital data Data provided by PRDOH - Drinking Water Program. Data obtained directly from PRDOH and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact PRDOH for more information. Data provided for each non-PRASA community system in 2019 includes name, location, water-supply source (surface water or groundwater) and location, 2019 community population, among others. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2019 publication date 2019 non-PRASA system info Used to determine population served by non-PRASA community system and the system's water-supply source. PRASA 2022 tabular digital data Data provided by PRASA - Assistant Director for Planning. Data obtained directly from PRASA and not publicly available owing to restrictions (sensitivity concern). Contact PRASA for more information. Digital and/or Hardcopy 2022 publication date SW intake distribution Used to distribute the total annual raw-water inflow volume to each PRASA WTP between its surface-water intakes. U.S. Census Bureau 2018 vector digital data https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TGRGDB18/tlgdb_2018_a_72_pr.gdb.zip Digital and/or Hardcopy 2018 publication date 2018 TIGER line geodatabase Used to determine the municipality where each public-supply well and surface-water intake (PRASA and non-PRASA) is located. U.S. Geological Survey 2019 tabular digital data Table 4 of the publication https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HWON2W Digital and/or Hardcopy 2016 publication date 2016 domestic deliveries PRASA WSAID Used to determine a per capita water-use coefficient for each PRASA water service area (WSA) in 2016. Public supply refers to water withdrawn by public and private water suppliers that provide water to at least 25 people or have a minimum of 15 connections. Public-supply water is delivered to users for various purposes including domestic (residential), commercial, thermoelectric, irrigation, industrial, and public services, and also includes system losses. In Puerto Rico, the main public water supplier is the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA) which provides water for around 98% of the population. Some communities in the island are not connected to the PRASA public water-supply system and withdraw their own water from surface or groundwater sources. These are called non-PRASA community systems. Water withdrawn for public supply by PRASA and non-PRASA systems are estimated differently and the methods are described hereafter. For both PRASA and non-PRASA systems, water withdrawals were assigned to the municipality or the PRASA water system (PWSID) in which the withdrawal occurred, although subsequently may be distributed and used elsewhere. Data were collected and compiled under the guidelines provided by the USGS National Water-Use Program. All processing done using R programming language unless otherwise specified. 2022 Water-withdrawal data were obtained from the well and WTP production report prepared by PRASA for 2019, which contains the amount of metered water withdrawn daily by each facility in million gallons per day. The total annual raw-water inflow volume to each PRASA WTP and the total annual water volume pumped from PRASA public-supply wells was computed from the daily values. 2019 PRASA production data 2022 The public-supply wells and surface-water intake locations for PRASA and non-PRASA systems were intersected with the municipality feature class from the Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) Line geodatabase and the PRASA water service area identification (WSAID)/public water system identification (PWSID) shapefile. An intersection in a geographic information system outputs features or portions of features that overlap or are co-located in all layers and was used to determine the municipality, PRASA PWSID, and PRASA WSAID where each surface-water intake or well is located. 2019 PRASA WSAID/PWSID shapefile 2018 TIGER line geodatabase PRASA Well and SW intake coords Non-PRASA Well and SW intake coords 2022 Surface-water intakes supplying each PRASA WTP were assigned a portion of the total annual raw-water inflow volume to the WTP based on fractional-distribution information provided by PRASA. The volumes assigned to surface-water intakes were aggregated by municipality and by PRASA PWSID to obtain total surface-water withdrawals for PRASA systems. SW intake distribution 2022 The total annual water volume pumped from PRASA public-supply wells was aggregated by municipality and by PRASA PWSID to obtain total groundwater withdrawals for PRASA systems. 2022 A per capita water-use coefficient was estimated for each PRASA water service area (WSA) by dividing the 2016 domestic-delivery data for the WSA by the population served by the PRASA WSA in 2016. Domestic deliveries are the portion of public-supply deliveries to residences for both indoor and outdoor water use. 2016 domestic deliveries PRASA WSAID 2022 The per capita water-use coefficient for 2016 for the PRASA WSA where each non-PRASA public-supply well or surface-water intake is located is multiplied by the 2019 population served by the non-PRASA community system to get the total annual volume withdrawn by the non-PRASA community. 2019 non-PRASA system info 2022 The total annual volume withdrawn from non-PRASA surface-water intakes was aggregated by municipality and PRASA PWSID to obtain total surface-water withdrawals for non-PRASA systems. The water production data at the Carolina WTP, wihch is a non-PRASA community system, was provided to the USGS directly the WTP managers and added to this total. Note that non-PRASA systems have their own PWSIDs; however, here both the PRASA and non-PRASA withdrawals are aggregated at the PRASA PWSID level. 2019 non-PRASA system info 2019 Carolina WTP production data 2022 The total annual volume withdrawn from non-PRASA public-supply wells was aggregated by municipality and PRASA PWSID to obtain total groundwater withdrawals for non-PRASA systems. 2019 non-PRASA system info 2022 Table 1. Estimated public-supply water withdrawals by water source and municipality in Puerto Rico, 2019 Excel Worksheet Producer Defined Municipality Name of municipalities and total Federal Information Processing Standards Federal Information Processing Standard County and County https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html#county PRASA Withdrawals Surface Water PRASA surface-water withdrawals by municipality USGS 0.0 102.48 million gallons per day PRASA Withdrawals Groundwater PRASA groundwater withdrawals by municipality USGS 0.0 6.63 million gallons per day PRASA Withdrawals Total PRASA total withdrawals by municipality USGS 0.0 109.10 million gallons per day Non-PRASA Withdrawals Surface Water Non-PRASA surface-water withdrawals by municipality USGS 0.0 1.14 million gallons per day Non-PRASA Withdrawals Groundwater Non-PRASA groundwater withdrawals by municipality USGS 0.0 0.64 million gallons per day Non-PRASA Withdrawals Total Non-PRASA total water withdrawals by municipality USGS 0.0 1.24 million gallons per day 2019 Total Withdrawals Surface Water Total surface-water withdrawals (PRASA and non-PRASA) by municipality USGS 0.0 102.48 million gallons per day 2019 Total Withdrawals Groundwater Total groundwater-withdrawals (PRASA and non-PRASA) by municipality USGS 0.0 6.70 million gallons per day 2019 Total Withdrawals Total Total withdrawals (PRASA and non-PRASA, surface water and groundwater) by municipality USGS 0.0 109.17 million gallons per day U.S. Geological Survey GS ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner whenever applicable. The data have been approved for release and publication by the USGS. Although the data have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from authorized or unauthorized use. Although the data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Users of the data are advised to read all metadata and associated documentation thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HWON2W None. 20230317 Michelle M Irizarry-Ortiz U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHEAST REGION Hydrologist mailing address

12703 Research Parkway Suite 200

Orlando FL 32826 US 407-803-5569 407-803-5501 mirizarry-ortiz@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999