Alex R. Fiore Stephen J. Cauller Eileen J. Brown 20250930 vector digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AT8Z9B Alex R. Fiore Stephen J. Cauller Eileen J. Brown 2025 publication Scientific Investigations Report 2025-5080 N/A U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255080 This dataset contains the well-location information and water-level measurements for 930 wells from 10 confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Well-location and water-level data is publicly available from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Data for the Nation database (USGS, 2025). Water-level measurements from 3 wells in Pennsylvania and reported water-level measurements from 18 wells in Delaware (Delaware Geological Survey [variously dated]) also are included. All measurements were collected from mid-October 2018 to early April 2019 and used to construct potentiometric-surface maps for the confined Cohansey aquifer, Rio Grande water-bearing zone, Atlantic City 800-foot sand, Piney Point aquifer, Vincentown aquifer, Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, Englishtown aquifer system, and upper, middle, and lower aquifers of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy (PRM) aquifer system. This dataset also contains shapefiles of the potentiometric surface contours for the 10 confined aquifers. The potentiometric-surface contours show altitudes at which water levels would have risen in tightly-cased wells and represent conditions in October 2018 through early April 2019. This data release supports Fiore, A.R., Cauller, S.J., and Brown, E.J., 2025, Potentiometric surface maps and groundwater-level hydrographs for confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025-XXXX, XX p., 9 pl., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2025xxxx. References Cited: Delaware Geological Survey, [variously dated], Recent and historical groundwater level data: Delaware Geological Survey web page, accessed June 3, 2025, at http://data.dgs.udel.edu/sites/groundwater/recent-and-historical-groundwater-level-data.html. U.S. Geological Survey, 2025, USGS Water Data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System web interface (NWIS), U.S. Geological Survey, accessed May 22, 2025, at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN. Groundwater-level measurements were used in the construction of the potentiometric surface maps of 10 confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain and represent synoptic conditions from mid-October 2018 to early April 2019. The potentiometric-surface mapping is part of an ongoing cooperative agreement between the USGS and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), whose purpose is to quantify current groundwater resources, evaluate changes in these resources over time, and provide the information needed to address future human-related and environmental stresses. The USGS, in cooperation with the NJDEP, initiated a plan in 1978 to map the potentiometric surfaces of the major confined aquifers on a 5-year cyclical basis to provide water-supply managers and regulators with a regional assessment of groundwater conditions in the confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Such assessments provide a broad view of the effects of groundwater development and are an essential component for managing and sustaining the region’s water supply. To date, potentiometric surfaces have been mapped for 1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, and 2013. During 1988, the plan of study was expanded to include selected water-level measurements in Delaware to better define cones of depression that propagated beneath the Delaware River and Bay in the Piney Point and lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifers. In 1985, the NJDEP used these water-level measurements to designate two water supply Critical Areas in the State where excessive water usage threatens the long-term sustainability of the water supply. Reductions in groundwater withdrawals coupled with the use of alternative surface-water sources have resulted in substantial recoveries in the water levels. 20181015 20190404 ground condition Complete None planned -75.9923 -73.7192 40.5834 38.6163 ISO 19115 Topic Category inlandWaters geoscientificInformation USGS Thesaurus groundwater water resources water use hydrogeology Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) aquifer control of groundwater resources water resources hydrology water well effects of groundwater extraction none groundwater level USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:63725c30d34ed907bf6c69a9 Common geographic areas New Jersey Delaware Pennsylvania None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. The data have been approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although the data have been subjected to review and are complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Users are advised to read the metadata to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Alex R. Fiore USGS - Northeast Region Groundwater Specialist / Hydrologist mailing and physical

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Lawrenceville NJ 08648 609-414-1747 afiore@usgs.gov The project was conducted in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection ESRI ArcGIS Pro 3.4.0 Cauller, S.J. Gordon, A.D. 2021 vector digital data U.S. Geological Survey data release 1 Denver. CO U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EKA147 Gordon, A.D. Carleton, G.B. Rosman, R. 2021 publication Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5146 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195146 DePaul, V.T. Rosman, R. 2015 publication Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5232 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135232 Groundwater levels collected by the USGS were reviewed and approved according to USGS GW2017.04 Policy and Procedures for Processing and Publishing Discrete Groundwater-Level Records, available at https://wma-oqa.usgs.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/gw2017.04.pdf. No accuracy tests were conducted by USGS for groundwater levels reported by the Delaware Geological Survey. Groundwater-level measurements were visually verified to ensure measurements agree hydrologically with prior measurements. No logical consistency tests were conducted by USGS for groundwater levels reported by the Delaware Geological Survey. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record for additional details. Well locations were verified using Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). No positional accuracy tests were conducted by USGS for groundwater levels reported by the Delaware Geological Survey. Groundwater-level measurements collected by USGS were converted from depth below land surface, in feet, to groundwater-level altitude, in feet referenced to North American Vertical Datum of 1988. U.S. Geological Survey 2025 database Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey, 2025, USGS Water Data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System web interface (NWIS), U.S. Geological Survey, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN. https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN Digital and/or Hardcopy 20181015 20190404 observed USGS, 2025 Access to data collected by USGS during 2018-19 Cunningham, W.L. Schalk, C.W. 2011 publication Techniques and Methods 1-A1 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Cunningham, W.L., and Schalk, C.W., 2011, Groundwater technical procedures of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 1, chap. A1, 154 p., accessed May 28, 2025, at https://doi.org/10.3133/tm1A1. https://doi.org/10.3133/tm1A1 Digital and/or Hardcopy 20181001 20190404 observed Cunningham and Schalk, 2011 Reference information used in the collection of groundwater levels Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI) 2023 application/service Redlands, CA Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc ESRI, 2023, An overview of the 3D Analyst toolbox: ArcGIS Pro Tool Reference web page, accessed May 28, 2025, at https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/3d-analyst/an-overview-of-the-3d-analyst-toolbox.htm https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/3d-analyst/an-overview-of-the-3d-analyst-toolbox.htm Digital and/or Hardcopy 20181015 20181015 observed ESRI, 2023 Software used to construct potentiometric surface maps Delaware Geological Survey variously dated tabular digital data Delaware Geological Survey, [variously dated], Recent and historical groundwater level data: Delaware Geological Survey web page, accessed June 3, 2025, at http://data.dgs.udel.edu/sites/groundwater/recent-and-historical-groundwater-level-data.html. http://data.dgs.udel.edu/sites/groundwater/recent-and-historical-groundwater-level-data.html Digital and/or Hardcopy 20181214 20190114 observed Delaware Geological Survey [variously dated] Access to data reported by Delaware Geological Survey during 2018-19 Todd, D.K. 1980 publication New York, NY John Wiley & Sons Todd, D.K., 1980, Groundwater hydrology: New York, John Wiley & Sons, 535 p. Hardcopy 20181015 20190404 observed Todd, 1980 Reference information used in the conversion to freshwater equivalent head for select wells Locations of groundwater wells in the study area that were measured during the previous groundwater-level synoptic of the confined New Jersey Coastal Plain aquifers in 2013 and new wells that had been installed in the subject aquifers between 2013 and 2018 were identified and compiled from USGS Water Data for the Nation database (USGS, 2025). USGS, 2025 20180930 Wells were measured according to the procedures described in Cunningham and Schalk (2011) and entered into the USGS Water Data for the Nation database (USGS, 2025). USGS, 2025 Cunningham and Schalk, 2011 20190404 Field groundwater-level measurements obtained from October 2018 to April 2019 in the subject aquifers were compiled and checked for quality assurance to reduce potential errors from non-representative water-level measurements caused by recent or nearby pumping, data inconsistencies, and potential measurement errors. Groundwater levels reported by the Delaware Geological Survey were compiled (Delaware Geological Survey [variously dated]). Delaware Geological Survey [variously dated] 20220901 Groundwater-level altitude data were exported from the National Water Data for the Nation database, referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988, and imported as a point feature class into a geographic information system (GIS) using ESRI ArcGIS Pro software. Groundwater in observation wells 110137, 250568, 250771, and 330841 have chloride concentrations greater than 2,500 milligrams per liter (mg/L), and their water levels were converted from a measured saltwater hydraulic head to a calculated freshwater head following a modification of the Ghyben-Herzberg relation (Todd, 1980) to determine the equivalent length of freshwater in a well filled with saltwater. Todd, 1980 20250219 The ArcGIS Pro geoprocessing tool “Topo to Raster” was used to create a series of raster surfaces, each representing the water-level altitude of an individual aquifer (ESRI, 2023) from 2018 groundwater level measurements. Potentiometric surface contours of each aquifer were derived from the corresponding altitude raster using the “Contouring” tool (ESRI, 2023). Contours were then manually readjusted within ArcGISPro to ensure they represented hydrologically realistic surfaces for confined aquifers, as this interpolation method affects the reliability of individual isolines and their portrayal of slope, peaks, and depressions especially for groundwater applications. ESRI, 2023 20250219 North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) Geodetic Reference System 1980 6378137.000000 298.257222 NJCP2018_WellsWLs.zip Zip file containing an ArcGIS shapefile of well identification information and groundwater-level data. U.S. Geological Survey FID Internal feature number ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry ESRI Point Shape is a point U.S. Geological Survey SiteID 15-digit site identification number in the USGS Water Data for the Nation (NWIS) database U.S. Geological Survey na not applicable U.S. Geological Survey Unique 15-digit number SiteName Site name in the USGS Water Data for the Nation (NWIS) database U.S. Geological Survey na not applicable U.S. Geological Survey Unique site name. Wells with "Sealed" at the end of the site name were sealed as of the publication of this data release, but not sealed at the time of groundwater-level measurement AquiferCod Aquifer code from USGS Water Data for the Nation (NWIS) database in which the well is screened U.S. Geological Survey 122KRKDL Atlantic City 800-foot sand U.S. Geological Survey 122KRKDU Rio Grande water-bearing zone U.S. Geological Survey 124PNPN Piney Point aquifer U.S. Geological Survey 211MRPAM Middle aquifer of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system U.S. Geological Survey 211MRPAU Upper aquifer of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system U.S. Geological Survey 211MRPAL Lower aquifer of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system U.S. Geological Survey 211EGLS Englishtown aquifer system U.S. Geological Survey 211MLRW Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer U.S. Geological Survey 211MRPA Undifferentiated aquifer of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system U.S. Geological Survey 125VNCN Vincentown aquifer U.S. Geological Survey 211MLRL Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer U.S. Geological Survey 121CNSY Confined Cohansey aquifer U.S. Geological Survey 211ODBG Old Bridge aquifer U.S. Geological Survey 211FRNG Farrington aquifer U.S. Geological Survey WLMDate Groundwater-level measurement date U.S. Geological Survey 2018/10/15 2019/04/04 date WLBLS Groundwater level depth, in feet below land surface. Negative values indicate the water level is above land surface U.S. Geological Survey -7.34 280 feet WLAlt Groundwater level altitude, in feet referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Negative values indicate the water level is below the datum U.S. Geological Survey -245.77 155.04 feet WellUse Primary use of well U.S. Geological Survey Observation Observation or monitoring well U.S. Geological Survey Withdrawal Withdrawal well U.S. Geological Survey Test Test well U.S. Geological Survey Destroyed Destroyed well; applies to wells destroyed as of publication of this data release, but not destroyed at time of groundwater-level measurement U.S. Geological Survey Unused Unused well U.S. Geological Survey Recharge Recharge well U.S. Geological Survey SWCorrect Groundwater level had measured chloride concentrations above 2,500 milligrams per liter and was corrected for freshwater equivalent head U.S. Geological Survey n No salt water correction applied U.S. Geological Survey y Salt water correction applied U.S. Geological Survey Well_ID Name used for well identification purposes U.S. Geological Survey Unique New Jersey 6-digit well identification number or unique Delaware well identification number <AquiferID>2018PS ArcGIS shapefile containing contours for the specified confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, where <AquiferID> represents the following: 1. "CNSY" is the confined Cohansey aquifer 2. "RioGrande" is the Rio Grande water-bearing zone 3. "AC800" is the Atlantic City 800-foot sand 4. "PNPN" is the Piney Point aquifer 5. "VNCN" is the Vincentown aquifer 6. "MLRW" is the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer 7. "EGLS" is the Englishtown aquifer system 8. "upperPRM" is the upper aquifer of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system 9. "middlePRM" is the middle and undifferentiated aquifers of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system 10. "lowerPRM" is the lower aquifer of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system U.S. Geological Survey FID Internal feature number ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated Shape Feature geometry ESRI Polyline ZM Polyline object U.S. Geological Survey Contour Groundwater potentiometric surface contours of the specified aquifer, showing altitude at which the groundwater level would have stood in tightly cased wells, measured between October 2018 and April 2019, in feet referenced to NAVD 88. U.S. Geological Survey -240 150 feet LineType Relative accuracy of the specified aquifer potentiometric-surface contour, indicating the confidence of the contour placement U.S. Geological Survey solid Solid lines indicate greater confidence in the water-level data where contours are based on measured data points U.S. Geological Survey dash Dashed lines indicate that the water level was inferred in this area and (or) was not known because of limited measured data. Contour lines are approximately located U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing address

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Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AT8Z9B None 20250930 GS-W-NJ_DataRelease U.S. Geological Survey; NORTHEAST REGION Data Release Manager mailing address

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Lawrenceville New Jersey 08648 US 609-771-3900 609-771-3915 gs-w-nj_datarelease@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998