William R. Page Mark W. Bultman Margaret E. Berry Kenzie J. Turner Christopher Menges Floyd Gray James B. Paces D. Paco VanSistine Leah E. Morgan Jeremy C. Havens 20230209 vector digital data Denver, Colorado U.S. Geological Survey GIS data(GeMS) for publication https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGUZV0 William R. Page Mark W. Bultman Margaret E. Berry Kenzie J. Turner Christopher Menges Floyd Gray James B. Paces D. Paco VanSistine Leah E. Morgan Jeremy C. Havens 2023 publication U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map SIM-3490 Denver, Colorado U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3490 This digital publication contains the database, base maps, and style files used to build the geologic map of the upper Santa Cruz River basin in southern Arizona published in U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3490 (Page and others, 2023). Shapefiles are also included for the user’s convenience. In the database, there are polygon features outlining the map units and data sources; line features delineating contacts, faults, and other geologic lines such as dikes, anticlines, and synclines; point features marking where there are age or structural data; and nonspatial tables in which the description of map units, data sources, and glossary information can be found. The database follows the geologic map schema(GeMS) standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps published in U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 11–B10. The user is directed to the metadata for detailed information on each database component. To update geologic mapping of the upper Santa Cruz Basin emphasizing basin hydrogeology and structure. Geodatabase follows schema and structure of GeMS digital geologic map standard GeMS (Geologic Map Schema)—A Standard Format for the Digital Publication of Geologic Maps Techniques and Methods 11-B10 By: U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11B10 https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS/ 2023 publication date Complete None planned -111.1486 -110.7122 31.7358 31.3320 none geologic map aquifer upper Santa Cruz aquifer system fault Santa Cruz River alluvium alluvial aquifer USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:62463182d34e21f827618317 none Santa Cruz Basin Nogales Arizona Patagonia Mountains Atascosa Mountains Tumacacori Mountains San Cayetano Mountains Santa Rita Mountains none Nogales Formation Mariposa member of Nogales Formation Nogales Wash member of Nogales Formation Proto Canyon member of Nogales Formation Atascosa Formation Montana Peak Formation Grosvenor Hills Volcanics Salero Formation Fort Crittenden Formation Bisbee Group Tuff of Pajarito Mountains Mount Wrightson Formation Pinal Schist None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. William R. Page U.S. Geological Survey Geologist mailing and physical

Mail Stop MS 980, W 6th Ave Kipling St

Lakewood Colorado 80225 USA 303-236-1141 rpage@usgs.gov REFERENCES CITED Aldridge B.N., and Eychaner, J.H., 1984, Floods of October 1977 in Southern Arizona and March 1978 in Centerl Arizona. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2379, 143 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2223/report.pdf Andrews, J.N., and Kay, R.L.F., 1982. 234U/238U activity ratios of dissolved uranium groundwaters from a Jurassic limestone aquifer in England. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v. 57, p. 139-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(82)90180-7. Betancourt, J.L., 1990, Tucson’s Santa Cruz River and the arroyo legacy: Tucson, University of Arizona, Ph.D. dissertation, 239 p. 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Nylund, 2003, Estimated groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration from Death Valley, California, 1997-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation Report 03-4254, 27 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wrir034254/wrir034254.pdf. DeMeo, G.A., Smith, J.L., Damar, N.A., and J. Darnell, 2008, Quantifying groundwater and surface water discharge from evapotranspiration processes in 12 hydrographic areas of the Colorado regional groundwater flow system, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5116, 22 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5116/pdf/sir20085116.pdf. Drewes, H., Fields, R.A., Hirschberg, and Bolm, K.S., 2002, Spatial digital database for the Tectonic Map of Southeast Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1109, Digital database, version 2.0., https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i1109/i1109.pdf. 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P., and Gettings, M.E., 2004, Stratigraphy and tectonic history of the Tucson basin, Pima County, Arizona, based on Exon State (32)-1 well: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5076, 32 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5076/ Jia, Hong-jing, Li, Shun-qun, Li, Lin, 2014, The relationship between the electrical resistivity and saturation of unsaturated soil: Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, v. 19, p. 3739-3746, http://www.ejge.com/2014/Ppr2014.355ma.pdf Kuiper, K.F., Deino, A., Hilgen, F.J., Krijgsman, W., Renne, P.R., and Wijbrans, J.R., 2008, Synchronizing rock clocks of Earth history: Science, v. 320, no. 5875, p. 500-504, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1154339. Lazniak, R.J., DeMeo, G.A., Reiner, S.R., Smith, J.L. and W.E. Nylund, 1999, Estimates of ground-water discharge as determined from measurements of evapotranspiration, Ash Meadows area, Nye County, Nevada. 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Nelson, F.J., 1963, Geologic map of Pena Blanca and Walker Canyon area, Santa Cruz County, Arizona: M.S. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, scale 1:16,700. Nelson, K., 2007, Groundwater flow model of the Santa Cruz Active Management Area along the effluent-dominated Santa Cruz River, Santa Cruz and Pima Counties, Arizona: Arizona Department of Water Resources Modeling Report No. 14, 117 p., https://new.azwater.gov/sites/default/files/Modeling_Report_14_0.pdf Paces, J., 2019, Evaluating water sources in Potrero Creek Wetlands using 87Sr/86Sr and U234/U238 isotopes [abs.]; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 51, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019AM-335643. Paces, J.B., 2021, Sr- and U-isotope data used to evaluate water sources in the Potrero Creek wetlands, upper Santa Cruz Basin, southern Arizona, USA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XXW25T. Paces, J.B., Palmer, M.V., Palmer, A.N., Long, A.J., and Emmons, M.P., 2020, 300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA—Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer. Geological Society of America Bulletin., v. 132, p. 1447–1468, https://doi.org/10.1130/B35312.1; GSA Data Repository Item 2020023 at https://gsapubs.figshare.com/articles/Supplemental_Material_300_000_yr_history_of_water-table_fluctuations_at_Wind_Cave_South_Dakota_USA_Scale_timing_and_groundwater_mixing_in_the_Madison_Aquifer/12542240. Paces, J.B., and Wurster, F.C., 2014, Natural uranium and strontium isotope tracers of water sources and surface water–groundwater interactions in arid wetlands – Pahranagat Valley, Nevada, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 517, p. 213-225, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.011. 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Paco, Menges, C.M., Gray, F., and Pantea, M.P., 2018, Geologic framework and hydrogeology of the Rio Rico and Nogales 7.5’ quadrangles, Arizona, with three-dimensional hydrogeologic model: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5062, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185062. Pearthree, P.A., and Youberg, A., 2000, Surficial geologic map and geologic hazards of the Green Valley – Sahuarita area, Pima County, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey, Digital Map 3 (DGM-03), 21 p., 2 plates, scale 1:24,000. Porcelli, D., 2008, Investigating groundwater processes using U- and Th-series nuclides, in Krishnaswami, S., and Cochran, J.K., eds., U/Th series radionuclides in aquatic systems: Radioactivity in the Environment, v. 13, p. 105–153, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1569-4860(07)00004-6. Reiner, S.R., Lazniak, R.J, DeMeo, G.A., Smith, J.L, Elliott, P.E., Nylund, W.E., and C.J. Fridrich, 2002, Groundwater discharge determined from measurements of evapotranspiration, other available hydrologic components, and shallow water-level changes, Oasis Valley, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation Report 01-4239, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014239. Reinhardt, K.J. and Shipman, J.H., 1978, Prehistoric cremations from Nogales, Arizona: The Kiva, v. 43, p. 231-252,  https://www.jstor.org/stable/30247651 Renne, P.R., Swisher, C.C., Deino, A.L., Karner, D.B., Owens, T.L., and DePaolo, D.J., 1998, Intercalibration of standards, absolute ages and uncertainties in 40Ar/39Ar dating: Chemical Geology, v. 145, no. 1-2, p. 117-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00159-9.  Riggs, N.R., 1985, Stratigraphy, structure, and mineralization of the Pajarito Mountains, Santa Cruz County, Arizona [M.S. Thesis]: Tucson, University of Arizona, 102 p. 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Seaman, S.J., Scherer, E.E., and Standish, J.J., 1995, Multistage magma mingling and the origin of flow banding in the Aliso lava dome, Tumacacori Mountains, southern Arizona:  Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 100, p. 8381-8398, https://doi.org/10.1029/94JB03260. Sellers, W.D. and Hill R.H., 1974, Arizona Climate, 1931-1972, 2nd ed. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ, 616 p. Simons, 1974, Geologic map and sections of the Nogales and Lochiel quadrangles, Santa Cruz County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-762, 9 p. pamphlet, scale 1:48,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/i762. Steiger, R.H., Jäger, E., 1977. Subcommission on geochronology: convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmochronology: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 36, p. 359-362, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(77)90060-7. Suksi, J., Rasilainen, K., Pitkanen, P., 2006, Variations in 234U/238U activity ratios in groundwater—A key to flow system characterization?: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, v. 31, p. 556–571, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2006.04.007. Teggart, F.J., 1913, The Anza expedition of 1775-1776, Diary of Pedro Font: Publications of the Academy of Pacific Coast History, v. 3, no. 1, 131 p. https://books.google.com/books?id=7XcUAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false  U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2008, Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database for Santa Cruz and parts of Cochise and Pima Counties, Arizona: U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, az667, accessed 10/21/2010, at http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/. Vallée, M.A., and Smith, R.S., 2007, Comparison of fixed-wing airborne electromagnetic 1D inversion methods, in 5th Decennial International Conference on Mineral Exploration, Poster Papers, Toronto, September 9–12, 2007: Exploration 07, accessed in 2014 at http://www.dmec.ca/ex07-dvd/E07/posters.html. Vickre, P.G., Graybeal, F.T., Fleck, R.J., Barton, M.D., and Seedorff, E., 2014, Succession of Laramide magmatic and magmatic- hydrothermal events in the Patagonia Mounntains, Santa Cruz County, Arizona: Economic Geology, v. 109, p. 1667-1704, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.109.6.1667. Webb, R.H., and Betancourt, J.L., 1992, Climatic variability and flood frequency of the Santa Cruz River, Pima County, Arizona. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2379, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2379. Wolfgram, Peter, and Karlik, Gulcin, 1995, Conductivity-depth transform of GEOTEM data: Exploration Geophysics, v. 26, no. 2/3, p. 179–185, https://doi.org/10.1071/EG995179. Wood, M.L., House, P.K., and Pearthree, P.A., 1999, Historical geomorphology and hydrology of the Santa Cruz River, Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–13, 98 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:100,000. Youberg, A., and Helmick, W.R., 2001, Surficial geologic maps and geologic hazards of the Amado-Tubac area, Santa Cruz and southern Pima Counties, Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey Digital Map 13, scale 1:24,000. No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Map elements and Topology were checked if needed. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented New field mapping was conducted and data were compiled with existing mapping using ArcMap 10.5 and 10.7.1. Aerial photographs and digital elevation models were used in the compilation process. 2015-2020 Geophysical data were modeled to interpret basin depth and basin-fill sediment thicknesses. 2015-2020 Geologic mapping was reviewed. 2021 Metadata were created and reviewed. 2022 Universal Transverse Mercator 12 0.99960000 -111.00000000 0.00000000 500000.00000000 0.00000000 coordinate pair 0.000001 0.000001 meters North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) Geodetic Reference System 1980 6378137.000000 298.257222 * Geodatabase follows schema and structure of GeMS digital geologic map standard * Shapefiles and csv files are also included in this data release. Files were generated from the geodatabase by running the "Translate To Shapefiles" script in the GeMS Toolbox. Field name mapping between geodatabase and shapefile versions is documented in FieldName_Mapping.txt. See https://github.com/usgs/gems-tools-pro for toolbox download FEATURE FIELD DESCRIPTION ContactsAndFaults Type Specifies type of geologic feature represented by this database row ContactsAndFaults IsConcealed Indicates whether this contact or fault is concealed by an overlying map unit ContactsAndFaults LocationConfidenceMeters Half-width (in meters) of positional-uncertainty envelope around this line feature ContactsAndFaults ExistenceConfidence Indicates how confidently existence of this line feature has been determined ContactsAndFaults IdentityConfidence Indicates how confidently this line feature has been identified as a particular type ContactsAndFaults Label Describes text label for this line feature ContactsAndFaults Symbol References a line symbol ContactsAndFaults DataSourceID Identifies source of each data element. Foreign key to DataSources table ContactsAndFaults Notes Additional comments ContactsAndFaults ContactsAndFaults_ID Primary key MapUnitPolys MapUnit Short, easily understood ASCII-character identifier for the map unit represented by this polygon. Foreign key to DescriptionOfMapUnits table MapUnitPolys Name Short description of MapUnit MapUnitPolys IdentityConfidence Indicates how confidently this polygon has been identified as a particular map unit MapUnitPolys Label Describes text label for this map-unit polygon MapUnitPolys Symbol References an area-fill symbol MapUnitPolys DataSourceID Identifies source of each data element. Foreign key to DataSources table MapUnitPolys Notes Additional comments MapUnitPolys MapUnitPolys_ID Primary key CartographicLines Type Specifies type of cartographic line feature represented by this database row CartographicLines Symbol References a line symbol CartographicLines Label Describes text label for this line feature CartographicLines DataSourceID Identifies source of each data element. Foreign key to DataSources table CartographicLines Notes Additional comments CartographicLines_ID Primary key GeologicLines Type Specifies type of line feature represented by this database row GeologicLines IsConcealed Indicates whether this line feature is concealed by an overlying map unit GeologicLines LocationConfidenceMeters Half width (in meters) of positional-uncertainty envelope around this line feature GeologicLines ExistenceConfidence Indicates how confidently existence of this line feature has been determined GeologicLines IdentityConfidence Indicates how confidently this line feature has been identified as a particular type GeologicLines Symbol References a line symbol GeologicLines Label Describes text label for this line feature GeologicLines DataSourceID Identifies source of each data element. Foreign key to DataSources table GeologicLines Notes Additional comments GeologicLines GeologicLines_ID Primary key GeochronPoints Type Specifies geochronological method used to determine this age GeochronPoints FieldSampleID Sample number given at time of collection GeochronPoints AlternateSampleID Lab number GeochronPoints MapUnit Records map unit from which analyzed sample was collected. Foreign key to DescriptionOfMapUnits table GeochronPoints Symbol References a point symbol GeochronPoints Label Describes text label to accompany this point symbol GeochronPoints LocationConfidenceMeters Radius (in meters) of positional-uncertainty envelope of this point feature GeochronPoints PlotAtScale Denominator of smallest map scale at which this analysis should be plotted on map (that is, it should not be plotted at smaller map scales GeochronPoints MaterialAnalyzed Records material analyzed GeochronPoints NumericAge Records interpreted (preferred) age calculated from geochronological analysis (not necessarily date calculated from a single set of measurements GeochronPoints AgePlusError Width of older part of error range GeochronPoints AgeMinusError Width of younger part of error range GeochronPoints ErrorMeasure Measure of error whose values are recorded in AgePlusError and AgeMinusError fields GeochronPoints AgeUnits Units for numeric values in NumericAge, AgePlusError, and AgeMinusError fields GeochronPoints StationsID Foreign key to Stations point feature class GeochronPoints LocationSourceID Identifies source of location of this sample. Foreign key to DataSources table GeochronPoints AnalysisSourceID Identifies source of analytical data for this sample. Foreign key to DataSources table GeochronPoints Notes Additional comments GeochronPoints GeochronPoints_ID Primary key OrientationPoints Type Specifies type of geologic feature represented by this database row OrientationPoints Azimuth Strike of planar feature or trend of linear feature, as measured in degrees clockwise from geographic North OrientationPoints Inclination Dip of planar feature or plunge of linear feature, as measured in degrees down from horizontal OrientationPoints Symbol References a point symbol OrientationPoints Label Describes text label to accompany this point symbol OrientationPoints LocationConfidenceMeters Radius (in meters) of positional-uncertainty envelope around this point feature OrientationPoints IdentityConfidence Indicates how confidently this point feature has been identified as a particular typ OrientationPoints OrientationConfidenceDegrees Estimated circular error (in degrees) of this orientation. For planar features, error is in orientation of pole to plane OrientationPoints PlotAtScale Denominator of smallest map scale at which this point feature should be plotted on map (that is, it should not be plotted at smaller map scales) OrientationPoints StationsID Foreign key to Stations point feature clas OrientationPoints MapUnit Records map unit to which this observation pertains. Foreign key to DescriptionOfMapUnits table OrientationPoints LocationSourceID Identifies source of location of this point feature. Foreign key to DataSources table OrientationPoints OrientationSourceID Identifies source of orientation data for this point feature. Foreign key to DataSources table OrientationPoints Notes Additional comments OrientationPoints_ID Primary key DataSourcePolys DataSourceID Identifies source or provenance of data elements in this polygon. Foreign key to DataSources table DataSourcePolys Notes Additional comments DataSourcePolys DatasourcePolys_ID Primary key TABLE DescriptionOfMapUnits MapUnit Short, easily understood ASCII-character identifier for the map unit DescriptionOfMapUnits Name Short name of formal or informal map unit DescriptionOfMapUnits FullName Full name of formal or informal map unit DescriptionOfMapUnits Age Age of map unit, as shown in DMU DescriptionOfMapUnits Description Full description of map unit, as contained in DMU DescriptionOfMapUnits HierarchyKey Text string that indicates place of map unit or heading within DMU hierarchy DescriptionOfMapUnits ParagraphStyle Name of user-defined paragraph style that indicates hierarchy of map units and headings within DMU DescriptionOfMapUnits Label Describes text label for map-unit polygons. DescriptionOfMapUnits Symbol References an area-fill symbol DescriptionOfMapUnits AreaFillRGB Specifies RGB equivalent of area-fill color of map unit DescriptionOfMapUnits AreaFillPatternDescription Easily understood description of pattern fill of map unit DescriptionOfMapUnits DescriptionSourceID Identifies source of Description. Foreign key to DataSources table DescriptionOfMapUnits GeoMaterial Categorizes map unit in terms of its lithologic and genetic character DescriptionOfMapUnits GeoMaterialConfidence Describes appropriateness of GeoMaterial term for describing map unit DescriptionOfMapUnits DescriptionOfMapUnits_ID Primary key DataSources Source Short, terse, easily understood ASCII-character identifier for a data source DataSources DataSources_ID Primary key DataSources GeoMaterialDict HierarchyKey Text string that indicates hierarchy of entries within list of GeoMaterial terms DataSources GeoMaterial Name of GeoMaterial unit DataSources IndentedName GeoMaterial name with indentation that corresponds to rank of entry within hierarchy DataSources Definition Definition of GeoMaterial name Glossary Term Geologic concept, feature, phenomenon, or other terminology being defined Glossary Definition Definition of value in Term Glossary DefinitionSourceID Identifies source of definition. Foreign key to DataSources table Glossary Glossary_ID Primary key GeMS (Geologic Map Schema)—A Standard Format for the Digital Publication of Geologic Maps Techniques and Methods 11-B10 By: U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11B10 https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS/ *see DataDictionary for more attribute details U.S. Geological Survey GS ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGUZV0 None 20230209 Paco VanSistine U.S. Geological Survey Geographer mailing and physical

Mail Stop MS 980, W 6th Ave Kipling St

Lakewood Colorado 80225 USA 303-236-5452 dvansistine@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999