Peter A. Traykovski 20220607 1.0 digital data data release DOI:10.5066/P9DPZZG2 Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DPZZG2 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623dcbc6d34e915b67d6552f Jin-Si R. Over Christopher R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski Sandra M. Brosnahan Alex J. Olson Noa R. Randall 2022 1.0 raster digital data, tabular digital data, remote-sensing image data release DOI:10.5066/P9DPZZG2 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., Traykovski, P.A., Olson, A.J., Randall, N.R., and Brosnahan, S.M., 2022, DUNEX topographic, bathymetric, and supporting GPS data collected in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina 2020-2021: U.S Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DPZZG2. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DPZZG2 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623dca6cd34e915b67d65110 The data in this part of the release are bathymetry data collected in the nearshore using single-beam echosounders mounted on surf capable self-righting electric autonomous survey vehicles at the USGS DUring Nearshore Event eXperiment (DUNEX) site on Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge (PINWR) and at the Basnight Bridge (BB), NC. In November 2020, April, September, and October 2021, USGS and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) scientists conducted multiple field surveys to collect the bathymetry as part of a topobathy time series. DUNEX is a multi-agency, academic, and non-governmental organization collaborative community experiment designed to study nearshore coastal processes during storm events. USGS participation in DUNEX will contribute new measurements and models that will increase our understanding of storm impacts to coastal environments, including hazards to humans and infrastructure and changes in landscape and natural habitats. Collected data are part of field activity 2021-029-FA and donated data 2020-024-DD and are related to field activity 2021-028-FA and 2021-032-FA. Single-beam trackline dataset is for mapping the elevation of the nearshore and can be used to create bathymetric products that can be merged with the topographic data in the larger citation. Bathymetry in this section is single-beam sounding data and trackline, the interpolated single-beam echosounder products are merged with topography data in the larger ‘Topobathy’ section of the release. For more information about the data, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2020-024-DD and https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2021-029-FA. Bounding coordinates represent the maximum bounds of the tracklines provided in this dataset. 20201122 20201127 20210419 20210420 20210907 20210912 20210928 20211019 20211020 Ground condition; data collected on multiple days but some surveys have been combined into one grid: 20201122 and 20201127; 20210419 and 20210420; 20211019 and 20211020. Complete Not planned -75.52596778 -75.45868561 35.76587870 35.67294873 None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center WHCMSC DUNEX remote control boat USGS Thesaurus remote sensing single-beam echo sounder bathymetry ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation oceans elevation USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:623dcbc6d34e915b67d6552f Common geographic areas United States Pea Island Dare North Carolina None Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Not for navigational use. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Not for navigational use. Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center mailing and physical address

U.S. Geological Survey

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2269 jover@usgs.gov https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/623dcbc6d34e915b67d6552f?name=PINWR_ASV_browse.jpg&allowOpen=true Image of the SSV used to collect single-beam bathymetry data. JPEG No official QC test was performed, but all depth values are internally consistent in relation to each other and are comparable to values of published bathymetry in the area (e.g. 2022 USGS CoNED Topobathy DEM (1851 - 2020): Coastal Carolinas, available at https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/67013). The tracklines in the CSV files represent single-beam echo-sounder bathymetry data collected by Peter Traykovski (WHOI). These data were combined with post-processed kinematic (PPK) orthometric heights collected using a GNSS receiver (EMLID Reach M2) mounted on self-righting remote vehicles corrected to a base station (JAVAD Triumph) onshore in GEOID12B NAVD88 meters. The GNSS antenna offset from the echo-sounder is taken into account when calculating the seafloor depth; see Processing Steps. All collected survey line data were edited for erroneous soundings before being incorporated into the final topobathy grids in the larger citation. Beginning and end null values were removed from the raw trackline data but NaNs are still within the data. Navigation information was acquired from the GNSS receiver in PPK mode with a Multi-band GNSS antenna that has a theoretical horizontal accuracy of 1-5 cm and average reported SD of 1.0 cm. The vertical navigational information was acquired from the GNSS receiver in PPK mode with a Multi-band GNSS antenna and hot shoe adapter with a theoretical horizontal accuracy of 1-5 cm and average reported SD of 1.6 cm. The navigational accuracies do not represent the accuracy of the derived bathymetric soundings. The vertical accuracy of the raw data in water depths of 10 meters or less, based on industry standard system specifications for 450 and 500 kHz transmit frequencies, is 5-10 centimeters. The single-beam bathymetry data were collected by launching the remote vehicle. Two were used to collect single-beam data, the small surf vehicle (SSV) had an EA24 dual frequency (250/400 kHz) echosounder and the Yellowfin had a Cerulean s500 echosounder. The vehicles were controlled near the shore by Peter Traykovski and put on auto-pilot using predetermined tracklines for longer transects offshore. The raw bathymetry data was processed with the following steps 1. Binary data was parsed (BU353s4 GPS Puck, Time, Position and Echosounder range) into MATLAB (v. 2020b) from the EA24 and s500 echosounders using MATLAB Scripts developed by Peter Traykovski at WHOI - see contact below 2. Post Processed Kinematic (PPK) GNSS (Novatel OEM-V2_L1L2) data from the vessel were corrected using the base station (Java Triumph-1) data in Novatel Inertial Explorer (Version 8.70.8722) using the datum NAD83(2011) and then the vertical datum NAVD88 GEOID 12B. A projection for UTM Zone 18N was also specified to get the Easting and Northing information. 3. Refined time alignment to account for any small time delays between GPS data and echosounder data collection. This is accomplished using the time lagged cross correlation of echosounder range and PPK GNSS altitude in locations with a relatively flat bottom. The resulting time shift was 18 seconds. The GPS measures vertical fluctuation of the boat due to waves and these fluctuations are also visible in echosounder data. The equation in Step 5 removes the vertical fluctuation due to waves from the echosounder data leaving only true bathymetry if GPS and the echosounder are well synced. The lagged cross correlation processing ensures they are synced optimally. 4. GPS values (GPS_z) were interpolated to time of echosounder samples collected at 450kHz with the MATLAB function interp1 (linear interpolation) and the 'pchip' parameter selected. 5. Seafloor elevation (referred to as seafloor_depth) was calculated with reference to the NAVD88 datum in meters using the following equation: Seafloor_depth = GPS_z + Echo_range – Antenna_Z_offset; the offset of the GNSS antenna to the echosounder transducer on the z-axis of the ASV is 0.43 m for the EA24 and 0.25 m for the Cerulean s500. 7. See the Topobathy products in the larger citation for the processing steps to create GeoTIFF grids from the trackline data. 2022 Peter A. Traykovski Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Associate Scientist mailing and physical address

226 Woods Hole Rd, MS #12

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-289-2638 ptraykovski@whoi.edu Raster Universal Transverse Mercator 18 0.999600 -69.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 1 1 meters North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) GRS_1980 6378137.000000 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.001 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates PINWR_Bathymetry_singlebeam_tracklines.zip Zip file contains ten CSV files of the post-processed navigation GNSS trackline data for the single-beam echosounders used in Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge. Following attributes are reported as if all CSV files were one. U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program INFO USGS Number of Field Activity or Donated Data USGS Character string. Equipment Remote vehicle used: Small Surf Vehicle (SSV), Yellowfin, or Needle Nose USGS Character string. Date Date measurements were taken, in YYYYMMDD USGS Character string. Time_UTC Time position values were taken in the format hh:mm:ss Zulu Time (UTC) USGS Character string. Latitude Post-processed kinematic (PPK) latitude of GNSS antenna position at the moment of a valid sounding value relative to the NAD83(2011). USGS 35.67294873 35.76587870 Decimal degrees Longitude Post-processed kinematic (PPK) longitude of GNSS antenna position at the moment of a valid sounding value relative to the NAD83(2011). USGS -75.52596778 -75.45868561 Decimal degrees Easting Post-processed kinematic (PPK) X-coordinates in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N interpolated from valid echo-sounder altitude samples. USGS 452455.309 458493.229 meters Northing Post-processed kinematic (PPK) Y-coordinates in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 18N interpolated from valid echo-sounder altitude samples. USGS 3947779.589 3958108.589 meters Echo_range The range to the seafloor from the echosounder producer-defined -20.558 0.000 meters NaN No data Producer-defined GPS_z Post-processed kinematic (PPK) position (Z-coordinates) of the GNSS receiver in reference to NAVD88 in meters on the electric autonomous survey vehicle. USGS -0.687 1.696 meters Seafloor_depth Depth refers to the elevation of the seafloor in NAVD88 in meters and is calculated by subtracting the Antenna_Z_offset (0.43 meters for the SSV and 0.25 for Yellowfin) and adding the Echo_range and GPS_z. producer-defined -21.321 0.926 meters NaN No data Producer-defined The single-beam trackline and GPS data used to create the bathymetric part of grids in the Topobathy section of the larger citation are all provided in the zip folder PINWR_bathymetry_tracklines.zip as CSVs named with the USGS field ID, location on Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge (PINWR) as either the DUNEX site or Basnight Bridge (BB), Bathymetry_trackline, and the date collected in MMDD. USGS Field Activity 2021-029-FA and Donated Data 2020-024-DD U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888- 275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Each file in the zip folder represents a separate collection of single-beam trackline and GPS data from Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge. Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. CSV Windows 10 zip zip folder DUNEX_PINWR_Bathymetry_tracklines.zip contains CSV files with single-beam bathymetric soundings, and trackline GPS data collected by Peter Traykovski (WHOI) during field activity 2021-029-FA and from donated data 2020-024-DD. Use WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip 3 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/623dcbc6d34e915b67d6552f https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623dcbc6d34e915b67d6552f https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/623dca6cd34e915b67d65110 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DPZZG2 The first link in the list above is to directly download all of the data into one zip file (the transfer size), the second link is to the page where you can download data files individually, the third link is to the publication landing page, and the last link is the DOI. None. These data are available as a zip folder with CSV files. To utilize these data, the user must have a way to unzip the raw data and read a CSV. 20220607 Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey Geographer mailing and physical

U.S. Geological Survey

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2269 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998