Klinger, R.C. Underwood, E.C. McKinley, R. Brooks, M.L. 20221028 Vector Digital Data (SHP), Raster Digital Data (TIF) Denver, CO U.S. Geological Survey data release https://doi.org/10.5066/P99YGHSJ Robert C. Klinger Emma C. Underwood Randy McKinley Matthew L. Brooks 20210329 Publication Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Volume 9 n/a Frontiers Media SA https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.593167 This U.S. Geological Survey data release consists of 3 raster datasets representing estimates of probability of ignition (ProbIgnitPredict.tif), fire frequency (FrequencyPredictRF.tif), and burn severity (dNBRPredictRF.tif) in the Mojave Desert from 1984 to 2010. The data include: (1) A shapefile of the Mojave Desert that was used as our study area boundary (MojaveEcoregion_TNS_UTM83.shp). The original shapefile was obtained from NatureServe in 2009; (2) Three Tagged-Interchange Format (TIF) raster datasets representing probability of ignition, fire frequency, and burn severity. Resolution equals 30 meters, projection equals UTM Zone 11N. The extent and frequency of fire has increased in many arid systems over the last century, with a large proportion of area in some regions undergoing transitions to novel conditions. Portions of the Mojave Desert in southwestern North America have undergone such transitions, most often from woody to herbaceous-dominated systems. These transitions have often been attributed to the proliferation of invasive annual grasses that promote more frequent fire, but recent evidence indicates that transitions can also occur independent of fire frequency if burn severity is high. In addition, high probability of ignition (i.e. potentially high fire frequency) and high burn severity may not always be geographically related. Therefore, our goals were to: (1) map potential burn severity, fire frequency, and probability of ignition across the Mojave; and, (2) evaluate spatial association among predicted burn severity, fire frequency and probability of ignition. Besides the large geographic extent, the data are representative of environmental conditions in the Mojave. We are unaware of any dataset on these four taxa in the Mojave Desert with such large geographic and environmental extents. Thus, these data would be very suitable for numerous types of analyses, especially those related to niches, range shifts, and potential ecosystem transformations. 1972 2010 ground condition Complete None planned Mojave Desert -118.8598 -113.2520 37.7210 33.6273 ISO 19115 Topic Category biota imageryBaseMapsEarthCover USGS Thesaurus fires ecosystems desert ecosystems invasive species vegetation plants (organisms) field methods geographic information systems remote sensing None co-occurence invasives fire disturbance fire frequency burn severity fire frequency ignition invasive plant species environmental gradients geographic gradients grass-fire cycle machine learning spatial dynamics maximum entropy random forests USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:62212a30d34ee0c6b38b6257 Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Mojave Desert None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Questions pertaining to appropriate use or assistance with understanding limitations or interpretation of the data are to be directed to the individuals/organization listed in the Point of Contact section. Data Manager U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center mailing and physical

3020 State University Drive, Modoc Hall, Suite 4004

Sacramento CA 95819 United States 279-782-0904 279-782-0607 gs-b-werc_data_management@usgs.gov Collaborators: Janelle Downs and Jerry Tagestad (Pacific Northwest National Labratory). Funding for this project was provided by Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Joint Fire Science Program. Universal Transverse Mercator 11 0.9996 -117.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. SHP, TIF https://doi.org/10.5066/P99YGHSJ None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. 20221028 Robert C Klinger U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center Ecologist mailing and physical

3020 State University Drive, Modoc Hall, Suite 4004

Sacramento CA 95819 United States 760-920-7489 rcklinger@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999