James A Crossman Molly A H Webb Josh Korman Michael D Yard 20220511 tabular data (csv) Flagstaff, AZ U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CLR26O James A. Crossman Molly A.H. Webb Josh Korman Michael D. Yard 2022 journal manuscript American Fisheries Society (online) Transactions of the American Fisheries Society https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10356 These data were compiled to describe population reproductive structure of rainbow trout in the Colorado River downstream of Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona. Objective(s) of our study were to describe the population on reproductive structure of the rainbow trout population in Glen Canyon on the Colorado River and evaluate the accuracy of nonlethal methods (manual expression and ultrasonography) for assigning sex and reproductive phase. These data represent samples collected in 3 sampling trips fall in October to November 2018, February 2019, and April 2019. These data were collected in Glen Canyon, from Glen Canyon Dam to Lees Ferry on the Colorado River. Specifically, we sampled three reaches within Glen Canyon to represent the upper (A: 2.0 - 4.8 km downstream of the dam), middle (B: 8.7 – 11.2 km), and lower (C: 18 – 20.7 km) sections of the tailwater, representing a little more than 1/3rd of the 25-km length of Glen Canyon. These data were collected by the study authors (Crossman, Webb, and Korman) as part of ongoing USGS Trout Recruitment and Growth Dynamics sampling trips in 2018 and 2019. Rainbow trout were sampled from each sampling site on each trip and approximately equal numbers taken from each of four size classes (100-199, 200-299, 300-399, 400-499 mm fork length). Fish were measured for length and weighed and a piece of gonad tissue was preserved for histological assignment in the lab. These data can be used to describe population reproductive structure of rainbow trout, understand less invasive methods for assigning sex, and improve our understanding of how somatic growth and energetic status influence population reproductive structure, reproductive seasonality, and later recruitments. The purpose of these data are to describe population reproductive structure of rainbow trout in Glen Canyon and develop less invasive methods of assigning sex and assessing spawning capability. These data were created to improve our understanding of how somatic growth and energetic status influence population reproductive structure, reproductive seasonality, and later recruitments. Future researchers could use these data to describe annual trends in population reproductive structure if additional years of data collection occurs. Further, the approach to data collection and study design inherent within this dataset could be used to develop similar research on other rainbow trout populations or other species. These data provide the population reproductive structure of the Glen Canyon population of rainbow trout in the Colorado River and the accuracy of assigning sex and reproductive phase using the expression of gametes technique and ultrasonography. The limitations of the data are that it was collected over 1 year at three distinct time points and biological results apply strictly to the Glen Canyon reach of the Colorado River until a larger sample size is collected over time. The methods developed as part of this research may be applied elsewhere. Data users should read the metadata record, acquire the associated journal manuscript identified as the ‘Larger Work Citation’, and review the 'Cross References' to have a complete understanding of how these data were created and used. The data are specific to the uses identified in this metadata record, as described in the ‘Larger Work Citation’, and any other use of these data may be inappropriate. See 'Distribution liability' statements for more information. 2018 2019 ground condition Complete None planned -111.605 -111.4760 36.9400 36.8400 USGS Thesaurus datasets field experiments field inventory and monitoring field methods field sampling fish laboratory methods population and community ecology river reaches sexing (plants & animals) ISO 19115 Topic Categories biota inlandWaters USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6202d6a1d34e622189dcdf7e None gonad tissue histological assignment manual expression nonlethal methods rainbow trout recruitment reproductive phase samples sex phase size classes tabular data tailwater ultrasonography Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Arizona Colorado River Glen Canyon Glen Canyon Dam Lees Ferry none none David L Ward U.S. Geological Survey Research Fish Biologist mailing and physical

2255 North Gemini Drive

Flagstaff AZ 86001 US 928-556-7280 dlward@usgs.gov This research was funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation through the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. Josh Korman Michael D. Yard Theodore A. Kennedy 2017 Taylor & Francis (online) Transactions of the American Fisheries Society https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2017.1317663 No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Development of the GCD Histo Sex data table: This data table contains all raw data collected for the project. The data were created from field, lab sampling, or mathematical calculations. The only processing associated with data provided was either histology to assign gametogenic stage or reproductive phase or calculations for Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), condition factor (CF), and predicted weight (Pred_Weight). These data records are the result of data calculations. GSI was calculated as the gonad weight divided by the body weight and multiplied times 100 (gonad weight/total body weight x100). Pred_Weight was calculated from the equation used was predicted weight = exp(a+b*loge(forklength)), where 'a' is the intercept and 'b' is the slope. CF was calculated as the body weight (BodyWGT) divided by the predicted weight (Pred.Weight). Samples with germ cells were examined under a compound scope (Leica DM 2000, 100x-400x) and classified to a specific gametogenic stage (Phase). Gametogenic stages were grouped into one of four reproductive phases (see Table 1 in Larger Work Citation). 2021 Data Quality Assessment and Quality Control (QAQC): Data were quality assessed at multiple times during electronic entry (Spring 2019) and when the final data table was complete following histology (Winter 2020). All raw data sheets were reviewed by 2 qualified biologists on the project each night sampling finished to ensure completeness before leaving site. In the field, hard copy data sheets were digitally photographed after each night of sample collection and synced to a cloud storage backup. Data from each sampling session were entered digitally as soon as possible after each field session. The digital dataset was assessed by two researchers from this study against the hard copy field notes to look for transcriptional errors. Once all data for this study had been entered and the final data table produced, data were assessed for quality using descriptive statistics, including plots of raw variables to identify outliers and data discrepancies. Any discrepancies or outliers were resolved through comparisons against the raw field data. Data for individual fish was also cross referenced to the TRGD database as all fish for this study were included in their database. We used the TRGD database to compare information for fish in our study to their records for the same individuals. The handling and processing of gonad tissue are described by histologically determining sex and gametogenic stage assigned by a single reader, and a subset of slides (25%) were reviewed by two other readers to confirm sex and reproductive stage, a lack of germ cells, and/or gonadal abnormalities. For fish where assignment of sex or gametogenic stage was uncertain, the slides were reviewed by three readers and discussed to make a final assignment. Lab QA protocols followed those established by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and are not published in peer-reviewed literature. QA/QC was completed by multiple researchers; Dr. James Crossman, BC Hydro, and Dr. Molly Webb, USFWS. Histological QA/QC was completed by Dr. Molly Webb, USWFS; Dr. Vicki Blazer, USGS, Dr. Nancy Brown-Peterson, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory at the University of Southern Mississippi. Quality contol was conducted by data peer review (USGS SM 502.8). The data peer review involved checking that the data met standards for quality and completeness, especially the data values for the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), condition factor (CF), and predicted weight (Pred_Weight) attributes. 2021 Finalize Data File for Dissemination: Data sent to the Southwest Biological Science Center Data Steward for dissemination and preservation per USGS Data Management Policies SM 502.6, SM 502.7, SM 502.8 and SM 502.9 (1 October 2016). 2022 GCD Histo Sex This data table represents data collected on rainbow trout population reproductive structure, including individual assignment of gametogenic stage of development and reproductive phase. The data table also represents accuracy in using manual expression of gametes and ultrasonography to assign sex to rainbow trout The purpose of this data table is to better understand population reproductive structure for rainbow trout and advance less invasive tools to assign sex. Producer defined Trip This attribute in the data table represents the identifier for the specific sampling trip (n=3) from which a sample was collected. The attribute values represent each of 3 sampling trips 2018-Oct to 2018-Nov (n=119), 2019-Feb (n=139); 2019-April (n=143). Producer defined a textual description of the month and year of the trip, to assist in identifying the date of data collection, attribute values are October 2018 (n=33), November 2018 (n=86), February 2019 (n=139) and April 2019 (n=143) Date This attribute in the data table represents the date the rainbow trout sample was collected. The attribute values represent the day, month, and year. Producer defined 10/30/2018 4/22/2019 date: mm/dd/yyyy Night This attribute in the data table represents night of the specific sampling trip the rainbow trout sample was collected Producer defined The attribute values represent 1 of 6 sampling nights within each sampling trip. Reach This attribute in the data table represents the sampling reach where rainbow trout sample was collected. Producer defined 1A upper sampling reach, 2.0 - 4.8 km downstream of the dam Producer defined 1B middle sampling reach, 8.7 – 11.2 km downstream of the dam Producer defined 1C lower sampling reach, 18 – 20.7 km downstream of the dam Producer defined Site This attribute in the data table represents the specific sampling site the rainbow trout sample was collected. Producer defined The attribute values represent the specific sampling site within each each. 78 individual sites were sampled. FishID This attribute in the data table represents the specific sample name for each rainbow trout sample within a sampling trip. Producer defined The attribute values represent the sample ID's within each specific trip as collection vials were labelled with trip and fish specific ID's. RBT = rainbow trout. Express_Sex This attribute in the data table represents the sex assigned to an individual rainbow trout following manual expression of gametes. Values assigned were either female, male, or unknown. The attribute value M represents when milt was expressed, F when eggs were expressed, and U when no gametes were expressed. Producer defined F female, eggs were expressed Producer defined M male, milt was expressed Producer defined U unknown, no gametes were expressed Producer defined US_Sex This attribute in the data table represents the sex assigned to an individual rainbow trout using ultrasonography. Values assigned were either female, male, or unknown. The attribute US_Sex value represents the gonad echogenicity and homogeneity and the presence/absence of oocytes or ovarian follicles. Producer defined F female Producer defined M male Producer defined U unknown Producer defined Dissect_Sex This attribute in the data table represents the sex assigned to an individual rainbow trout following dissection and visual observation of the gametes. Values assigned were either female, male, or unknown. The attribute values represents the macroscopic identification of sex in the gonads. Producer defined F female Producer defined M male Producer defined U unknown Producer defined Fork_Length This attribute in the data table represents the measured fork length of the individual rainbow trout. The attribute values represent the fork length of individual fish in millimeters. Producer defined 155 482 millimeters Body_WGT This attribute in the data table represents the measured weight of the individual rainbow trout. The attribute values represent the body weight of individual fish in grams. Producer defined 46 11141 grams Gonad_WGT This attribute in the data table represents the measured weight of the gonad once it was excised from the individual rainbow trout. The attribute value represents the gonad weight of individual fish in grams. Producer defined 0.08 113.9 grams GSI This attribute in the data table represents the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of the individual rainbow trout, calculated as the gonad weight divided by the body weight and multiplied times 100 (gonad weight/total body weight x100). The attribute value represents the GSI of individual fish. Producer defined 0.02617801 17.7177177 Gonadosomatic Index (gonad weight as percent of body weight) Histo_Sex This attribute in the data table represents the assigned sex from histological analysis of the gonad tissue. Values assigned were either female, or male. The attribute Histo_Sex value represents the microscopic identification of sex in the gonadal tissue. Producer defined F female Producer defined M male Producer defined Histo_Stage This attribute in the data table represents the assigned gametogenic stage from histological analysis of the gonad tissue. Values assigned were either stages 1-9 for females or 1-6 for males. The attribute Histo_Stage represents the microscopic identification of gametogenic stages of maturity (see Table 1 from 'Larger Work Citation' for full definitions). Producer defined 1 Female gametogenic stage 1, Oogonial Proliferation (OP), assigned histologically Producer defined 2 Female gametogenic stage 2, Primary Growth (PG), assigned histologically Producer defined 3 Female gametogenic stage 3, Cortical Alveolar (CA), assigned histologically Producer defined 4 Female gametogenic stage 4, Primary Vitellogenic (PV), assigned histologically Producer defined 5 Female gametogenic stage 5, Secondary Vitellogenic (SV), assigned histologically Producer defined 6 Female gametogenic stage 6, Tertiary Vitellogenic (TV), assigned histologically Producer defined 7 Female gametogenic stage 7, Oocyte Maturation (OM), assigned histologically Producer defined 8 Female gametogenic stage 8, Regressing (RG), assigned histologically Producer defined 9 Female gametogenic stage 9, Regenerating (RN), assigned histologically Producer defined 11 Male gametogenic stage 1, Spermatogonial Proliferation (SP), assigned histologically Producer defined 12 Male gametogenic stage 2, Early spermatogenesis (ES), assigned histologically Producer defined 13 Male gametogenic stage 3, Mid to late-spermatogenesis (ML), assigned histologically Producer defined 14 Male gametogenic stage 4, Ripe (RI), assigned histologically Producer defined 15 Male gametogenic stage 5, Post-spermiation (RG), assigned histologically Producer defined 16 Male gametogenic stage 6, Regenerating (RN), assigned histologically Producer defined Phase This attribute in the data table represents the assigned reproductive phase of an individual. Phases are are numeric codes for each reproductive phase of the fish. The attribute Phase represents the classification of the microscopic identification of gametogenic stage of maturity into classfications of phase of maturity. (see Table 1 from 'Larger Work Citation' for full definitions). Producer defined 1 Reproductive phase, Immature (IMM) Producer defined 2 Reproductive phase, Developing (DEV) Producer defined 3 Reproductive phase, Spawning capable (SPC) Producer defined 4 Reproductive phase, Regressing/regenerating (REG) Producer defined Exp_Accuracy This attribute in the data table represents if the assigned sex from manual expression of gametes matches the sex assigned from histological analysis of gonad tissue. Values are either correct or incorrect based on sex assignment. Producer defined 0 Incorrect sex assignment for manual expression of gametes (does not match histologically assigned sex) Producer defined 1 Correct sex assignment for manual expression of gametes (matches histologically assigned sex) Producer defined US_Accuracy This attribute in the data table represents if the assigned sex from Ultrasonography matches the sex assigned from histological analysis of gonad tissue. Values are either correct or incorrect based on sex assignment. Producer defined 0 Incorrect sex assignment for ultrasonography (does not match histologically assigned sex) Producer defined 1 Correct sex assignment for ultrasonography (matches histologically assigned sex) Producer defined Pred_Weight This attribute in the data table represents the predicted weight for the individual rainbow trout given weight relationship for all fish sampled within that reach within each trip. The equation used was predicted weight = exp(a+b*loge(forklength)), where 'a' is the intercept and 'b' is the slope. Producer defined 43.3676282 1137.538348 decimal number, predicted weight CF This attribute in the data table represents the condition factor (CF) for the individual rainbow trout. CF was calculated as the body weight (BodyWGT) divided by the predicted weight (Pred_Weight). Producer defined 0.662186492 2.23249882 decimal number, condition factor U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov The author(s) of these data request that data users contact them regarding intended use and to assist with understanding limitations and interpretation. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This zip file contains tabular data available in comma-separated values (csv) file format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and displaying the tabular data. 20220511 David L Ward U.S. Geological Survey Research Fish Biologist mailing and physical

2255 North Gemini Drive

Flagstaff AZ 86001 US 928-556-7280 dlward@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998