Richard L. Marella Joann F. Dixon Kyle R. Christesson Marco Pazmiño-Hernandez 20220131 Spreadsheet Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Marella, Richard L., Dixon, Joann F., Christesson, Kyle R., and Pazmiño-Hernandez, Marco, 2022, GIS shapefile and related summary data describing irrigated agricultural land use for the 14 counties fully or partially within the Suwannee River Water Management District Florida for 2020: U.S. Geological Survey, https://doi.org/10.5066/P99UO2S2. https://doi.org/10.5066/P99UO2S2 Richard L. Marella Joann F. Dixon Kyle R. Christesson Marco Pazmiño-Hernandez 20220130 Publication (Other) USGS Data release 10.5066/P99UO2S2 Denver, CO U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase https://doi.org/10.5066/P99UO2S2 A table summarizing the inventoried acreage by crop type and irrigation system was compiled for Columbia County, Florida. The irrigated acreage totals were derived from analyses of satellite and aerial imagery. Crop types and irrigation system types were verified during field trips that started in January 2020 and concluded in December 2020. In addition, the table provides acreage totals by crop type reported by the U.S. Department of Commerce for 1982, the U.S. Department of Agriculture from 1987 through 2017, and Florida Statewide Agricultural Irrigation Demand for 2016-18. A detailed inventory of irrigated acreage is needed to accurately estimate current agricultural water use and to provide a basis to project future demands. The primary purpose of this table is to provide a detailed summary of irrigated acreage for Columbia County, Florida that can be used to help estimate water use by crop type. The project is a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey - Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center (USGS - CFWSC) and Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) Office of Agricultural Water Policy that is designed to spatially map, field-verify, and summarize all irrigated agricultural acreage for each county across the State of Florida. 20200101 20201231 ground condition Complete Unknown -82.801290 -82.445676 30.598632 29.824101 ISO 19115 Topic Category environment inlandWaters USGS Thesaurus Groundwater None Land use Image collections aerial photography Land use classification codes Crop type Irrigation type Groundwater Surface water farming environment Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services St. Johns River Water Management District Suwannee River Water Management District USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:61f14db9d34e8b818add4eb4 Geographic Names Information System Florida Columbia County none none Joann Dixon U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

12703 Research Parkway

Orlando FL 32826 USA 407-803-5533 jdixon@usgs.gov Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center, Orlando in Cooperation with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Office of Agricultural Water Policy. Richard L. Marella Joann F. Dixon 2022 publication Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir2022XXXX Izuno, F.T. Haman, D.Z. 1987 Gainesville, FL University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Engineering https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/IR/00/00/45/16/00001/AE11500.pdf Smajstria, A.G. Boman, B.J. Clark, G.A. Haman, D.Z. Harrison, D.S. Izuno, F.T. Zazueta, F.S. 1988 Gainesville, FL University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Engineering https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF90000450/00001 The field verification began in January 2020 and concluded in December 2020. Each crop/agricultural field with an irrigation system or a withdrawal permit was observed from the road at least once during the study period. Upon completion of the field verification, a draft map was produced. This draft map was reviewed by FDACS and The Balmoral Group to help identify any missing fields. After changes were made and questions resolved, the results of the field verified data were totaled and summarized in file Table_Columbia_County.xlsx. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted. The Balmoral Group 20200630 Publication (Book) Winter Park, Florida The Balmoral Group https://www.fdacs.gov/content/download/92578/file/FSAID-VII-WaterUseEstimates-Final%20Report.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20180101 20181231 observed FSAID VII Source information used in support of the development of the data set. The Balmoral Group 20210630 Publication (Book) Winter Park, Florida The Balmoral Group https://www.fdacs.gov/content/download/99809/file/FSAID-VIII-Water-Use-Estimates-Final-Report.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20190101 20191231 observed FSAID VIII Source information used in support of the development of the data set. The Florida Statewide Agricultural Irrigation Demand (FSAID) agricultural irrigated lands (ILG) map (version VII) was used as a starting point, numerous other data sources and layers were added to create a preliminary map of irrigated crops in Columbia County. These additional data included a point layer of the current agricultural irrigation consumptive water-use permits (CUP) issued by the Suwannee River Water Management District along with a shapefile with each permit property boundary. The locations of the District’s CUPs (for both wells and surface-water intakes), and the permit property boundary associated with each withdrawal point, helped identify fields that have not been mapped on the original FSAID map. Additional fields were added to the preliminary map by digitizing at the 1:5,000 reference scale when evidence of irrigation equipment was visible from ESRI's ArcGIS Online World Imagery base map and Google Earth imagery from multiple dates in 2020(image dates not specified herein). Field visits were made by USGS-CFWSC staff to Columbia County between January and December 2020 to visually observe all potentially irrigated fields. In some cases, visual observation was not achieved due to inaccessibility to the private roads or private land fields. The FSAID VIII data was used for these fields. Attribute data were collected for each irrigated field including a general or specific crop type, irrigation system type, and primary water source (if visibly able to confirm). The field maps were then modified and corrected based on field observations and CUP reviews, and a revised map was created. This newly created map was presented to FDACS and The Balmoral Group for review and comments. Once their concerns were addressed and modifications made, a final shapefile was prepared. From this final shapefile, the summary file Table_Columbia_County was created for Columbia County. 20210301 Table 1. Reported and inventoried crop and irrigated acreage in Columbia County, Florida, 1982–2020. [U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P99UO2S2] Excel xlsx file USGS Crop type Type of crop with irrigation and acreage USGS Row Crops - Vegetables (1) Acreage includes all vegetables planted. (1) Acreage includes beans (bush, lima, pole, snap), beets, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage (Chinese, head), cantaloupes, carrots, cauliflower, celery, collards, cucumbers and pickles, eggplant, escarole and endive, herbs, honeydew melons, kale, lettuce (head, leaf, romaine), mustard greens, okra, onions (dry, green), parsley, peas (black-eyed, Chinese, crowder, green, pole), peppers (bell, chili), potatoes, pumpkins, radishes, spinach, squash (summer, winter), sweet corn, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, turnips, turnip greens, watercress, watermelons, and all other vegetables listed in Table 29 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). USGS Spring-Summer 2020 (2) (2) Acreage includes vegetables that were planted in the winter of 2020 and/or the spring of 2020 for a spring and/or summer 2020 harvest. USGS Fall-Winter 2020 (3) (3) Acreage includes vegetables that were planted in the summer and/or fall of 2020 for a fall and/or winter 2020 harvest. Producer defined Spring-Summer and Fall-Winter 2020 (4) (4) Acreage includes vegetables that were planted in the winter of 2020 and/or the spring of 2020 for a spring and/or summer 2020 harvest and vegetables that were planted in the summer and/or fall of 2020 for a fall and/or winter 2020 harvest. Producer defined Fruit Crops - Orchards/Berries (5) (5) Includes acreage reported in the USDA Census of Agriculture as irrigated from the Land in Orchards and the Land in Berries tables for the respective years. USGS Citrus Citrus groves irrigated USGS Non-citrus fruits and nuts (6) (6) Acreage includes apples, avocados, bananas, cherries, figs, grapes, mangoes, papayas, passion fruit, peaches, pears, pecans, persimmons, plums, and all non-citrus fruit listed in Table 31 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). USGS Strawberries (7) (7) Acreage includes strawberries as listed in Table 33 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). USGS Berries - All Others (8) (8) Acreage includes blackberries, dewberries, blueberries (tame, wild), loganberries, and raspberries as listed in Table 33 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). USGS Field Crops (totals) Total of field crops grown and irrigated USGS Corn (for grain and feed) Corn grown and irrigated USGS Cotton Cotton grown and irrigated USGS Peanuts Peanuts grown and irrigated USGS Sorghum Sorghum grown and irrigated USGS Soybeans Soybeans grown and irrigated USGS Sugarcane Sugar cane grown and irrigated USGS Grass/Hay/Pasture (9) (9) Acreage includes pasture and other land under "Irrigated Land" listed in Table 10 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019) and grass and grass seeds, hay, and forage listed in Table 31 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). Acreage reported as grass/hay/pasture by FSAID represents fields equipped or permitted for irrigation, whereas, the USGS field verified values presented in this table include acreage of visible or active grass/hay/pasture irrigated during 2020. USGS Other field crops (10) (10) Acreage includes tobacco, wheat (for grain), oats (for grain), proso millet, rice, rye (for grain) as listed in Table 25 and silage crops listed as forage in Table 26 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). USGS Nursery/Sod (totals) Total acreage for container nursery, tree nursery, and sod farms. USGS Nurseries (11)(12) (11) Acreage includes floriculture and bedding crops reported as "acres in the open" but does not include "square footage under glass, roof, or protection" as listed in Table 34 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). (12) Acreage includes all outdoor container nursery crops and tree farms listed in Table 34 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). However, sod is also listed in Table 34, but is listed here separately. USGS Sod (12) (12) Acreage includes all outdoor container nursery crops and tree farms listed in Table 34 of the Census of Agriculture (USDA, 2019). However, sod is also listed in Table 34, but is listed here separately. USGS All other irrigated land Total acreage for lands considered aquaculture, idle, research facilities, and equine land USGS Aquaculture (13) (13) Includes pond or contained acreage associated with all aquaculture facilities for food (alligators, catfish, shellfish, shrimp, others), recreation, restoration, conservation, or sport (tropical fish, fish hatcheries, turtle farms). USGS Research Facilities and equine land (14) (14) Includes all irrigated land associated with equine land and governmental or private research facilities. Most often, multiple crops per field were observed or fields were barren, however, an irrigation system was observed. USGS Total irrigated land Reported acreage of irrigated land by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1982 and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture (1987, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017), FSAID V 2016, FSAID VI 2017, FSAID VII 2018, USGS field-verified irrigated acreage by system USGS 7 6,070 acres Non-irrigated land (15) Type of crop without irrigation and acreage USGS Fallow (16) (16) Fallow acreage includes fields that have no visible signs of an active crop during field observations for the 2020 growing season but still have an irrigation system visibly present. In most cases these fields are shown as irrigated on the recent FSAID irrigated land-use coverage. These fields were confirmed as fallow by checking their water management district's consumptive water-use permit for pumpage during the observed growing season or with the local FDACS field staff and were then labeled as fallow here and in the shapefile attribute table. In most cases, these fallow fields include pasture, citrus groves that have been plowed or cleared and not replanted, and vegetable fields that have not been planted during the 2020 growing season. USGS Abandoned (17) (17) Includes abandoned citrus acreage reported by the FDACS, Department of Plant Industries between December 2018 and June of 2019, as well as those groves observed as abandoned during field observations. This also includes all non-citrus fruit, field and row crops, and nurseries that were observed as abandoned during field observation and confirmed through water management district's consumptive water-use permits or the local FDACS field staff and are then labeled as abandoned here and in the shapefile attribute table. USGS Other non-irrigated land (18) (18) Includes non-irrigated nurseries, tree nurseries, field crops, grass, hay, pasture, non-citrus fruit trees, and sugarcane fields. USGS Total Non-irrigated land Total acres of the non-irrigated land, including fallow, abandoned, nurseries, tree nurseries, field crops, grass, hay, pasture, non-citrus fruit trees, and sugarcane fields. USGS 1982 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (1982) reported by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Commerce tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1982, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the U.S. Department of Commerce are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Commerce published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Commerce published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 1987 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (1987) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 14 660 acres 1992 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (1992) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 9 1,445 acres 1997 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (1997) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 125 1,280 acres 2002 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (2002) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 4 926 acres 2007 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (2007) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 8 1,648 acres 2012 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (2012) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 8 5,876 acres 2017 Acreage by crop type. Acreage (2017) reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture. Acreage values shown in italic font represent total acreage, as the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables do not differentiate between irrigated and non-irrigated for these crops. All other values from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture, 1987-2017, reflect what was reported as irrigated. Bold font indicates crop-type totals, and are reported as irrigated. Not all crops presented by the USDA are listed on this table but are included in the Irrigated land totals. N/A or blank, data not available; "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues. Major categories such as “Row Crops – Vegetables”, “Fruit Crops – Orchard/Berries”, “Field Crops (totals)” and others do not necessarily represent totals of subheadings. USDA "D", N/A, or blank "D" indicates that the values were not provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published tables due to privacy issues, N/A or blank indicates data not available USDA 7 3,006 acres FSAID V 2016 (b) Acreage by crop type. FSAID (Florida Statewide Agricultural Irrigation Demand), Irrigation Lands Geodatabase (ILG), version V (The Balmoral Group, 2018). Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) blank blank indicates data not available Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) 15 3,779 acres FSAID VI 2017 (c) Acreage by crop type. FSAID (Florida Statewide Agricultural Irrigation Demand), Irrigation Lands Geodatabase (ILG), version VI (The Balmoral Group, 2019). Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) blank blank indicates data not available Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) 15 3,780 acres FSAID VII 2018 (d) Acreage by crop type. FSAID (Florida Statewide Agricultural Irrigation Demand), Irrigation Lands Geodatabase (ILG), version VII (The Balmoral Group, 2020). Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) blank blank indicates data not available Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) 15 3,648 acres 2020 Total (e) Acreage by crop type. USGS field-verified irrigated acreage. (e) The values reported by the USGS represent observed acreage between January 2020 and December 2020. All other non-irrigated land (fallow, unidentified, and abandoned) observed during this field verification are not included in the county totals. USGS blank or "-" blank or "-" indicates data not available USGS 0 3,286 acres Micro (f) Acreage by crop type. Total acreage irrigated using Micro irrigation. Micro irrigation includes drip, spray, bubbler, and sub irrigation (for nurseries only) systems. USGS blank or "-" blank or "-" indicates data not available USGS 0 172 acres Sprinkler (f) Acreage by crop type. Total acreage irrigated using Sprinkler irrigation includes center pivot, lateral move, periodic move, traveling and portable guns, permanent overhead, and solid set (for nurseries). USGS blank or "-" blank or "-" indicates data not available USGS 0 3,286 acres Flood (f) Acreage by crop type. Total acreage irrigated using Flood irrigation. Flood irrigation includes subsurface seepage, crown, and continuous flood, and flow through systems (for aquaculture) (Izuno and Haman, 1987, Smajstrla and others, 1988). USGS blank or "-" blank or "-" indicates data not available USGS 0 7 acres Footer Material Table notes USGS Notes and references associated with the table U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner whenever applicable. The data have been approved for release and publication by the USGS. Although the data have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from authorized or unauthorized use. Although the data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Users of the data are advised to read all metadata and associated documentation thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. 20220803 Joann F. Dixon U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

12703 Research Parkway

Orlando FL 32826 USA 407-803-5533 jdixon@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998