Cassandra D. Smith 20220110 CSV Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P92ZBWJ5 Cassandra D. Smith Tamara M. Wood 2023 publication n/a US Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235098 Malheur Lake is a shallow, freshwater lake in southeastern Oregon. This data release includes phytoplankton data from three sites located in Malheur Lake collected from 8/8/2018 to 8/11/2020. For each sample collected, the phytoplankton were reported to the lowest taxonomic unit. Phytoplankton biovolume, algal cell concentration, and algal biomass concentration are included. All phytoplankton data were generated by PhycoTech, Inc. The dataset includes two comma-separated values (.csv) files and metadata. The first CSV file includes all of the taxonomic, biovolume, and density information. The second CSV file includes the 111 unique taxa identified. USGS has partnered with High Desert Partnership and US Fish and Wildlife Service to intensively study water quality in Malheur Lake during ice-free periods from 2017-2020. These data were collected to determine the types and concentrations of phytoplankton at three sites within the lake. In 2019 and 2020, the three sites were sampled every other week for 20 weeks in summer to determine temporal changes. All information published in this data release was generated by PhycoTech, Inc. 20180808 20200811 ground condition Complete None planned Malheur Lake, Oregon -118.772944 -118.759472 43.334531 43.287028 USGS Thesaurus Plankton Phytoplankton Aquatic Biology Water Quality Water Resources Ecology ISO 19115 Topic Category inlandWaters USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:61956184d34eb622f690934c Geographic Names Information Systems (GNIS) Oregon United States Harney Basin Malheur Lake USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus Algae Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Unknown ONLINE_REFERENCE Unknown Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) https://www.itis.gov PhycoTech Inc. PhycoTech Inc. mailing and physical

620 Broad Street, Suite 100

St. Joseph MI 49085 United States 1-269-983-3654 astamand@phycotech.com expert, contractor services who used identification keys PhycoTech, Inc. specializes in phytoplankton analyses and has multiple decades of experience. All phytoplankton were identified to the lowest taxonomic unit. In some cases, the organism was identified to species, but in other cases, the division (or phylum) was unknown. Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Achnanthales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Bacillarales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Cymbellales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Naviculales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Rhopalodiales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Surirellales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Bacillariophyceae Order Thalassiophysales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Coscinodiscophyceae Order Aulacoseirales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Coscinodiscophyceae Order Coscinodiscales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Coscinodiscophyceae Order Thalassiosirales Kingdom Chromista Division Bacillariophyta Class Fragilariophyceae Order Fragilariales Kingdom Plantae Division Chlorophyta Class Chlorophyceae Order Chlorococcales Kingdom Plantae Division Chlorophyta Class Chlorophyceae Order Tetrasporales Kingdom Plantae Division Chlorophyta Class Chlorophyceae Order Ulotrichles Kingdom Plantae Division Chlorophyta Class Chlorophyceae Order Volvocales Kingdom Plantae Division Chlorophyta Class Chlorophyceae Order Zygnematales Kingdom Plantae Division Chlorophyta Class Prasinophyceae Order Prasinocladales Kingdom Chromista Division Chrysophyta Class Chrysophyceae Order Chromalinales Kingdom Chromista Division Chrysophyta Class Chrysophyceae Order Chrysocapsales Kingdom Chromista Division Chrysophyta Class Chrysophyceae Order Mischococcales Kingdom Chromista Division Chrysophyta Class Chrysophyceae Order Ochromonadales Kingdom Chromista Division Cryptophyta Class Cryptomonadaless Order Cryptomonadales Kingdom Chromista Division Cryptophyta Class Cryptophyceae Order Cryptomonadales Kingdom Bacteria Division Cyanophyta Class Cyanophyceae Order Chroococcales Kingdom Bacteria Division Cyanophyta Class Cyanophyceae Order Nostocales Kingdom Protozoa Division Euglenophyta Class Euglenophyceae Order Euglenales Kingdom Chromista Division Haptophyta Class Prymnesiophyceae Order Prymnesiales Kingdom Chromista Division Pyrrhophyta Class Dinophyceae Order Gymnodinales Kingdom Chromista Division Pyrrhophyta Class Dinophyceae Order Peridinales none none Cassandra Smith NW-PACIFIC ISLAND REG: OREGON WATER SCI CTR Ecologist mailing and physical

2130 SW 5th Avenue

Portland Oregon 97201 United States 541-383-5589 cassandrasmith@usgs.gov Samples were collected by US Fish and Wildlife Service and High Desert Partnership staff. During this study, an additional 16% quality assurance samples were collected. The "Sample_Type" attribute is either primary, replicate, or split. Primary samples are the routine environmental samples. The quality assurance samples were either replicates or splits. If the "Sample_Type" is "Replicate," the technicians used the same protocols and methods to collect a second sample immediately after the primary sample was collected. If the "Sample_Type" entity is labled as a "Split" sample, the technicians divided the primary water sample into two sample containers. Data from PhycoTech, Inc were compared with field sheets to ensure correct station and sample information. Any noteworthy results were discussed between USGS and PhycoTech, Inc, specifically Dr. St. Amand. Dataset is considered complete. Water samples were collected at sites using a handheld GPS and site marker. Handheld GPS accuracy is +/- 3 meters. Water samples were collected at roughly mid-water column. both All phytoplankton samples were collected using a Van Dorn sampler from an air boat. Lake depths varied by water year and location, but Malheur Lake usually is approximately 1 meter deep. The Van Dorn sampler was lowered to the middle of the water column to collect the water sample; each sample represents one point in the water column. All phytoplankton samples were collected into a 500-mL wide-mouth amber Nalgene bottle, preserved with 25% glutaraldehyde, and sent to PhycoTech, Inc. for analysis. Phycotech, Inc. returned multiple Excel workbooks and spreadsheets containing phytoplankton data. The spreadsheets were simplified to create this data release. 2021 USGS Station Identification Number, USGS Station Name. Point Albers Conical Equal Area 29.5 45.5 -96.0 23.0 0.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.01 0.01 METERS D_North_American_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 Phytoplankton_Malheur_Lake_2018_2020_Data.csv All information regarding the site, sample, phytoplankton taxonomy, phytoplankton biovolume, and phytoplankton concentration from three sites in Malheur Lake Producer Defined Waterbody Name of the waterbody samples were collected from. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Malheur Lake Water samples were collected from Malheur Lake. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) USGS_Station_Name An alphanumeric identifier of locations within Malheur Lake and used in the USGS National Water Information System. USGS National Water Information System https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis USGS_Station_Identification_Number A numeric 15-digit USGS-defined identification number for sampling locations. USGS National Water Information System https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis Date_Sampled Date of sample collection. User defined 8/8/2018 8/11/2020 Time_Sampled (PST) Time of sample collection in Pacific Standard Time between 9:10 and 15:15 PST. User defined 9:10 15:15 Sample_Type The type of sample collected. During this study, an additional 16% quality assurance samples were collected. User defined Primary Primary samples are the routine environmental samples. User defined Split If the "Sample_Type" entity is labeled as a "Split" sample, the technicians divided the primary water sample into two sample containers. User defined Replicate If the "Sample_Type" is "Replicate," the technicians used the same protocols and methods to collect a second sample immediately after the primary sample was collected. User defined Division PhycoTech, Inc. refers to phylum as division. Phylum/division is the taxonomic category below kingdom. ITIS. Phytoplankton division. Eight phytoplankton divisions were identified: Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Cryptophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Haptophyta, Pyrrhophyta. A miscellaneous division indicates that the division could not be determined. ITIS Class Class of phytoplankton. Class is the taxonomic category below phylum. ITIS Phytoplankton class. There were 12 classes identified: Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Cryptomonadaless, Cryptophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Fragilariophyceae, Prasinophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae. If the class is "ND," the class information was not known. ITIS Order Order of phytoplankton. Order is the taxonomic category below phylum. ITIS Phytoplankton order There were 29 orders identified: Achnanthales, Bacillarales, Bacillariales, Cymbellales, Naviculales, Rhopalodiales, Surirellales, Thalassiophysales, Aulacoseirales, Coscinodiscales, Thalassiosirales, Fragilariales, Chlorococcales, Tetrasporales, Ulotrichales, Volvocales, Zygnematales, Prasinocladales, Chromalinales, Chrysocapsales, Mischococcales, Ochromonadales, Cryptomonadales, Chroococcales, Nostocales, Euglenales, Prymnesiales, Gymnodinales, Peridinales. If the order is "ND," the order information was not known. ITIS Family Family of phytoplankton. Family is the taxonomic category below order. ITIS Phytoplankton family. There were 45 families identified: Achnanthaceae, Cocconiedaceae, Bacillariaceae, Gomphonemataceae, Diploneidaceae, Naviculaceae, Neidiaceae, Pinnulariaceae, Rhopalodiaceae, Entomoneidaceae, Catenulaceae, Aulacoseriaceae, Hemidiscaceae, Stephanodiscaceae, Fragilariaceae, Characiaceae, Chlorococcaceae, Coelastraceae, Dictyosphaeriaceae, Hydrodictyaceae, Oocystaceae, Scenedesmaceae, Palmellopsidaceae, Ulotrichaceae, Chlamydomonadaceae, Phacotaceae, Volvocaceae, Desmidiaceae, Pedinomonadaceae, Chrysococcaceae, Chrysocapsaceae, Stichiogloeaceae, Pleurochlororidaceae, Dinobryaceae, Synuraceae, Cryptomonadales, Cryptomonadaceae, Chroococcaceae, Synechococcaceae, Nostocaceae, Oscillatoriaceae, Euglenaceae, Chrysochromulinaceae, Gymnodiniaceae, Peridinaceae. If the family is "ND," the family information was not known. ITIS Genus Genus of phytoplankton. Genus is the taxonomic category below family. ITIS Phytoplankton genus. There were 91 genera identified: Achnanthes, Actinastrum, Actinocyclus, Amphora, Anabaena, Anabaenopsis, Aphanizomenon, Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece, Aulacoseira, Caloneis, Carteria, Characium, Chlamydomonas, Chlorogonium, Chloromonas, Chroococcus, Chroomonas, Chrysochromulina, Chrysococcus, Cocconeis, Coelastrum, Coelomoron, Colonial, Cosmarium, Crucigenia, Cryptomonas, Cyanocatena, Cyanodictyon, Cyanogranis, Cyclostephanos, Cyclotella, Dactylococcopsis, Desmodesmus, Diatoma, Dictyosphaerium, Didymogenes, Dinobryon, Diploneis, Dolichospermum, Entomoneis, Epithemia, Eudorina, Euglena, Fragilaria, Gomphonema, Gomphosphaeria, Gonium, Gymnodinium, Jaaginema, Lagerheimia, Lepocinclis, Lobomonas, Mallomonas, Merismopedia, Microcystis, Monomastix, Monoraphidium, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Oocystis, Pediastrum, Peridinium, Phacotus, Phacus, Pinnularia, Plagioselmis, Platydorina, Polygoniochloris, Pseudanabaena, Pyramichlamys, Quadrigula, Rhodomonas, Rhopalodia, Scenedesmus, Schroederia, Selenastrum, Sphaerellopsis, Sphaerocystis, Sphaerospermopsis, Stephanodiscus, Stichococcus, Stichogloea, Synechococcus, Synechocystis, Synura, Tetraedron, Tetrastrum, Tryblionella, Ulnaria. If the genus is "ND," the genus information was not known. ITIS Species Species of phytoplankton. Species is the taxonomic category below family. ITIS Phytoplankton species. There were 10 known species identified: aphanizomenoides, arcuatum, circularis, ferruginea, griffithii, minuta, normanii, planctonica, planctonicum, sphaerica. Species labeled as "sp. 1" was sometimes used to differentiate between a second species, "sp. 2". If the species is "ND," the species information was not known. ITIS Variety Variety of phytoplankton. Variety is the taxonomic category below species. ITIS Phytoplankton variety. The variety was either nannoplanctica or ND. If the variety is "ND," variety information was not noted. ITIS Morph Morphology of phytoplankton. ITIS A description of the size and/or shape of the phytoplankton. A "ND" means that the morphological information was not noted. Biovolume (um3/mL) The biovolume of each phytoplankton taxa identified in the sample; data were calculated by PhycoTech, Inc. Producer defined. 15.3506 44787325.69 cubic micrometers per milliliter, um3/mL Algal_Cell_Concentration (cells/mL) The number of cells of each phytoplankton taxa per milliliter; data were calculated by PhycoTech, Inc. Producer defined. 1.2173 17246869.17 cells per milliliter, cells/mL Algal_Biomass_Concentration (mg/L) The biomass of phytoplankton (in milligrams) per liter of sample; data were calculated by PhycoTech, Inc. Producer defined. 0.00001535 44.78732569 milligrams per liter, mg/L Phytoplankton_Malheur_Lake_2018_2020_Unique taxa.csv This file lists each unique taxa identified to the lowest taxonomic unit. Producer Defined Division PhycoTech, Inc. refers to phylum as division. Phylum/division is the taxonomic category below kingdom. ITIS Phytoplankton division. Eight phytoplankton divisions were identified: Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Cryptophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Haptophyta, Pyrrhophyta. A miscellaneous division indicates that the division could not be determined. ITIS Class Class of phytoplankton. Class is the taxonomic category below phylum. ITIS Phytoplankton class. There were 12 classes identified: Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Cryptomonadaless, Cryptophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Fragilariophyceae, Prasinophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae. If the class is "ND," the class information was not known. ITIS Order Order of phytoplankton. Order is the taxonomic category below phylum. ITIS Phytoplankton order There were 29 orders identified: Achnanthales, Bacillarales, Bacillariales, Cymbellales, Naviculales, Rhopalodiales, Surirellales, Thalassiophysales, Aulacoseirales, Coscinodiscales, Thalassiosirales, Fragilariales, Chlorococcales, Tetrasporales, Ulotrichales, Volvocales, Zygnematales, Prasinocladales, Chromalinales, Chrysocapsales, Mischococcales, Ochromonadales, Cryptomonadales, Chroococcales, Nostocales, Euglenales, Prymnesiales, Gymnodinales, Peridinales. If the order is "ND," the order information was not known. ITIS Family Family of phytoplankton. Family is the taxonomic category below order. ITIS Phytoplankton family. There were 45 families identified: Achnanthaceae, Cocconiedaceae, Bacillariaceae, Gomphonemataceae, Diploneidaceae, Naviculaceae, Neidiaceae, Pinnulariaceae, Rhopalodiaceae, Entomoneidaceae, Catenulaceae, Aulacoseriaceae, Hemidiscaceae, Stephanodiscaceae, Fragilariaceae, Characiaceae, Chlorococcaceae, Coelastraceae, Dictyosphaeriaceae, Hydrodictyaceae, Oocystaceae, Scenedesmaceae, Palmellopsidaceae, Ulotrichaceae, Chlamydomonadaceae, Phacotaceae, Volvocaceae, Desmidiaceae, Pedinomonadaceae, Chrysococcaceae, Chrysocapsaceae, Stichiogloeaceae, Pleurochlororidaceae, Dinobryaceae, Synuraceae, Cryptomonadales, Cryptomonadaceae, Chroococcaceae, Synechococcaceae, Nostocaceae, Oscillatoriaceae, Euglenaceae, Chrysochromulinaceae, Gymnodiniaceae, Peridinaceae. If the family is "ND," the family information was not known. ITIS Genus Genus of phytoplankton. Genus is the taxonomic category below family. ITIS Phytoplankton genus. There were 91 genera identified: Achnanthes, Actinastrum, Actinocyclus, Amphora, Anabaena, Anabaenopsis, Aphanizomenon, Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece, Aulacoseira, Caloneis, Carteria, Characium, Chlamydomonas, Chlorogonium, Chloromonas, Chroococcus, Chroomonas, Chrysochromulina, Chrysococcus, Cocconeis, Coelastrum, Coelomoron, Colonial, Cosmarium, Crucigenia, Cryptomonas, Cyanocatena, Cyanodictyon, Cyanogranis, Cyclostephanos, Cyclotella, Dactylococcopsis, Desmodesmus, Diatoma, Dictyosphaerium, Didymogenes, Dinobryon, Diploneis, Dolichospermum, Entomoneis, Epithemia, Eudorina, Euglena, Fragilaria, Gomphonema, Gomphosphaeria, Gonium, Gymnodinium, Jaaginema, Lagerheimia, Lepocinclis, Lobomonas, Mallomonas, Merismopedia, Microcystis, Monomastix, Monoraphidium, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Oocystis, Pediastrum, Peridinium, Phacotus, Phacus, Pinnularia, Plagioselmis, Platydorina, Polygoniochloris, Pseudanabaena, Pyramichlamys, Quadrigula, Rhodomonas, Rhopalodia, Scenedesmus, Schroederia, Selenastrum, Sphaerellopsis, Sphaerocystis, Sphaerospermopsis, Stephanodiscus, Stichococcus, Stichogloea, Synechococcus, Synechocystis, Synura, Tetraedron, Tetrastrum, Tryblionella, Ulnaria. If the genus is "ND," the genus information was not known. ITIS Species Species of phytoplankton. Species is the taxonomic category below family. ITIS Phytoplankton species. There were 10 known species identified: aphanizomenoides, arcuatum, circularis, ferruginea, griffithii, minuta, normanii, planctonica, planctonicum, sphaerica. Species labeled as "sp. 1" was sometimes used to differentiate between a second species, "sp. 2". If the species is "ND," the species information was not known. ITIS U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase USGS mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-257-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The data have been approved for release and publication by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although the data have been subjected to review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from authorized or unauthorized use. Although the data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Users of the data are advised to read all metadata and associated documentation thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. 20230919 Cassandra Smith NW-PACIFIC ISLAND REG: OREGON WATER SCI CTR Ecologist mailing and physical

2130 SW Fifth Avenue

Portland Oregon 97201 United States 541-383-5589 cassandrasmith@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999