<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<metadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Elise Elliott-Smith</origin>
        <origin>Erin K. Dlabola</origin>
        <origin>Amanda Anderson</origin>
        <origin>Mark Bidwell</origin>
        <origin>Chantel Hofer</origin>
        <origin>Gabriel Sandoval</origin>
        <pubdate>20250417</pubdate>
        <title>International Piping Plover Breeding Census Data (2016)</title>
        <geoform>Comma-separated values (.csv) file</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Corvallis, OR</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/P95BBWRM</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>Comma-separated values (.csv) file containing data related to the 2016 International Piping Plover Breeding Census.</abstract>
      <purpose>The International Piping Plover  (Charadrius melodus) Census provides a snapshot every five years of the distribution and abundance of this species of conservation concern. The Piping Plover is a widely distributed but rare species with three breeding populations. The entire species is federally listed as endangered in Canada, and the Great Lakes Population is listed as endangered in the U.S., with the U.S. Plains and Atlantic coast populations listed as federally threatened. The International Piping Plover Census remains the most comprehensive inventory for this rare species.</purpose>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>20160516</begdate>
          <enddate>20160722</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>ground condition</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>None planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <descgeog>United States and Canada</descgeog>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-114.8000</westbc>
        <eastbc>-53.4000</eastbc>
        <northbc>55.9000</northbc>
        <southbc>38.1000</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>inlandWaters</themekey>
        <themekey>environment</themekey>
        <themekey>biota</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>piping plover</themekey>
        <themekey>Charadrius melodus</themekey>
        <themekey>shorebird</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>birds</themekey>
        <themekey>long-term ecological monitoring</themekey>
        <themekey>animal and plant census</themekey>
        <themekey>partnerships</themekey>
        <themekey>ornithology</themekey>
        <themekey>endangered species</themekey>
        <themekey>population dynamics</themekey>
        <themekey>interagency programs</themekey>
        <themekey>human impacts</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:61200cd9d34e40dd9c02013e</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Common geographic areas</placekt>
        <placekey>United States</placekey>
        <placekey>Canada</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <taxonomy>
      <keywtax>
        <taxonkt>None</taxonkt>
        <taxonkey>Charadrius melodus</taxonkey>
      </keywtax>
      <taxoncl>
        <taxonrn>Kingdom</taxonrn>
        <taxonrv>Animalia</taxonrv>
        <common>animals</common>
        <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Subkingdom</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Bilateria</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
            <taxonrn>Infrakingdom</taxonrn>
            <taxonrv>Deuterostomia</taxonrv>
            <taxoncl>
              <taxonrn>Phylum</taxonrn>
              <taxonrv>Chordata</taxonrv>
              <common>chordates</common>
              <taxoncl>
                <taxonrn>Subphylum</taxonrn>
                <taxonrv>Vertebrata</taxonrv>
                <common>vertebrates</common>
                <taxoncl>
                  <taxonrn>Infraphylum</taxonrn>
                  <taxonrv>Gnathostomata</taxonrv>
                  <taxoncl>
                    <taxonrn>Superclass</taxonrn>
                    <taxonrv>Tetrapoda</taxonrv>
                    <taxoncl>
                      <taxonrn>Class</taxonrn>
                      <taxonrv>Aves</taxonrv>
                      <common>Birds</common>
                      <taxoncl>
                        <taxonrn>Order</taxonrn>
                        <taxonrv>Charadriiformes</taxonrv>
                        <common>Shore Birds</common>
                        <common>Gulls</common>
                        <common>Alcids</common>
                        <common>Plovers</common>
                        <common>Oystercatchers</common>
                        <common>Auks</common>
                        <taxoncl>
                          <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
                          <taxonrv>Charadriidae</taxonrv>
                          <common>Plovers</common>
                          <taxoncl>
                            <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
                            <taxonrv>Charadrius</taxonrv>
                            <common>Ringed Plovers</common>
                            <taxoncl>
                              <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
                              <taxonrv>Charadrius melodus</taxonrv>
                              <common>Piping Plover</common>
                              <common>TSN: 176507</common>
                            </taxoncl>
                          </taxoncl>
                        </taxoncl>
                      </taxoncl>
                    </taxoncl>
                  </taxoncl>
                </taxoncl>
              </taxoncl>
            </taxoncl>
          </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
      </taxoncl>
    </taxonomy>
    <accconst>No access constraints. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.</accconst>
    <useconst>No use constraints. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Data Manager</cntper>
          <cntorg>Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>777 NW 9th Street, Suite 400</address>
          <city>Corvallis</city>
          <state>OR</state>
          <postal>97330</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>541-750-1030</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>fresc_outreach@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
    <datacred>U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Environment Canada, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service</datacred>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>Quality assurance and quality control protocols include multiple levels of data proofing and validation.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>All data were confirmed to be within ranges, without duplications or omissions.</logic>
    <complete>Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Users are highly encouraged to refer to the report for additional details.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>All samples were confirmed to have come from the site and area listed based on field checks, coordinator confirmation, and cross-checks of locational information.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>All samples were confirmed to have come from the site and area listed based on field checks, coordinator confirmation, and cross-checks of locational information.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Data were obtained from various coordinators and compiled into a single datafile.</procdesc>
        <procdate>2021</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <eainfo>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>2016 PIPL Census Data.csv</enttypl>
        <enttypd>Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data.</enttypd>
        <enttypds>Producer Defined</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>STATE/PROVINCE</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Name of State or Province surveyed</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <udom>Unbounded list of text describing State or Province surveyed</udom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>REGION/COUNTY</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Name of the Region or County surveyed</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>&lt;&lt; empty cell &gt;&gt;</edomv>
            <edomvd>No Data; Region/County not recorded or not applicable</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <udom>Unbounded list of text describing Region or County surveyed</udom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SITE NAME</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Name of the site surveyed</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <udom>Unbounded list of text describing sites surveyed</udom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>MAP NUM</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Map number associated with the site name and found in the report tables and map</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>1</rdommin>
            <rdommax>192</rdommax>
            <attrunit>Number</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>DATE</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Date the survey was conducted, in D/M/YYYY format.  Values of "n.r." are recorded when the survey date was not recorded.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>5/16/2016</rdommin>
            <rdommax>7/22/2016</rdommax>
            <attrunit>Calendar day</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>BR PAIRS</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Number of breeding pairs observed during the survey</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>83</rdommax>
            <attrunit>Breeding pairs</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>TOTAL PIPL ADULTS</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Total number of piping plover adults observed during the survey</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>247</rdommax>
            <attrunit>Individual adult birds</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>KM</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Kilometers surveyed. Values of "n.r." are recorded when kilometers were not recorded.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>174</rdommax>
            <attrunit>Kilometers</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SITE DESCRIPTION</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>A list of numerals and or letters describing the site breeding habitat characteristics recorded during the survey. Values of "n.r." are recorded when site description was not recorded.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <udom>Unbounded list of numerals and letters describing the site habitat during the survey. Numerals represent the water body categories and letters represent the shoreline categories. Multiple characteristics are separated by spaces. Order of categories is random and not based on rank or dominance. Each numeral and letter are defined as follows: (Numerals) I: Ocean; II: Protected Bay, Harbor, Cove, Lagoon, Sound; III: River; IV: Alkali Lake/Pond; V: Natural Freshwater Lake; VI: Reservoir; VII: Industrial Pond; VIII: Sandpit; IX: Other; (Letter) A: Mainland (of coast, lake, river); B: Barrier Beach; C: Barrier Island; D: Protected Shore; E: Natural Bar/Island; F: Man Made Bar/Island; G: Dry Lakebed; H: Agricultural Field; I: Other.</udom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>DISTURBANCE CONCERNS</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>A list of letters describing the potential disturbance concerns where birds were observed during the survey. Values of "n.r." are recorded when disturbance concerns were not recorded. Values of "None" are recorded for no disturbance.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <udom>Unbounded list of letters describing the disturbance concerns recorded during the survey. Multiple characteristics are separated by spaces. Order of categories is random and not based on rank or dominance. Each letter is defined as follows, A: Agricultural Activities (includes cattle trampling, etc.); B: Airboats; D: Dogs; F; Fishing; G: Flat or Gently Sloping; H: Human activity; I: Invasive Species; L: Habitat Only at Low/Mid Tide; N: Industry; O: Other; P: Pollutants/Oil; S: Shoreline; U: Urbanization/Housing and Development; V: Vehicles/Vehicle Ruts; W: High Water/Flooding.</udom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SURVEYED 1991</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Piping plover survey conducted in 1991</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 1991</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>No</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were not surveyed at this site in 1991</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_pairs</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 1991 and pairs were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_adults</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 1991 and adults were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SURVEYED 1996</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Piping plover survey conducted in 1996</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 1996</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>No</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were not surveyed at this site in 1996</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_pairs</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 1996 and pairs were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_adults</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 1996 and adults were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SURVEYED 2001</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Piping plover survey conducted in 2001</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_pairs</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2001 and pairs were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>No</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were not surveyed at this site in 2001</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2001</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_adults</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2001 and adults were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SURVEYED 2006</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Piping plover survey conducted in 2006</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_pairs</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2006 and pairs were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>No</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were not surveyed at this site in 2006</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2006</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_adults</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2006 and adults were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>SURVEYED 2011</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Piping plover survey conducted in 2011</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_pairs</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2011 and pairs were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2011</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>No</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were not surveyed at this site in 2011</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>Yes_adults</edomv>
            <edomvd>Piping plovers were surveyed at this site in 2011 and adults were observed</edomvd>
            <edomvds>Producer defined</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>OWNERSHIP</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>A list of letters describing the site ownership where the survey was conducted. Values of "n.r." are recorded when ownership was not recorded.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <udom>Unbounded list of letters and text describing the site ownership recorded during the survey. Multiple characteristics are separated by spaces. Order of categories is random and not based on rank or dominance. Each letter is defined as follows, f: Federal; s(p): State/Provincial; m: municipal; p: Private; c: County; unk: unknown.</udom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>LATITUDE</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Latitude of site surveyed. Values have varying resolution due to the different methods of collection.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>38.10916667</rdommin>
            <rdommax>55.88333</rdommax>
            <attrunit>decimal degrees</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>LONGITUDE</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Longitude of site surveyed. Values have varying resolution due to the different methods of collection.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>-114.7469444</rdommin>
            <rdommax>-53.488</rdommax>
            <attrunit>decimal degrees</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
    </detailed>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>ScienceBase</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. It is strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the report associated with these data. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>CSV</formname>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/P95BBWRM</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20250428</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Data Manager</cntper>
          <cntorg>Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>777 NW 9th Street, Suite 400</address>
          <city>Corvallis</city>
          <state>OR</state>
          <postal>97330</postal>
          <country>United State</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>5417501030</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>fresc_outreach@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001.1-1999</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
