Williamson, Tanja N. Headman, Alexander O. Gerzan, Mallory N. Hoefling, Dayle J. 20230328 raster Reston, VA United States Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DP1FJV The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER-KY; Williamson and others, 2009) provides the ability to simulate streamflow for ungaged basins. This model integrates TOPMODEL (Beven and Kirkby, 1979) for pervious portions of the landscape with simulation of flow generated from impervious surfaces (USDA, 1986). A restructured version of this decision support tool translates the abilities of WATER to a format that can be used without proprietary software (Williamson and others, 2021). Additional functionality has also been added to include hydrologic response units (HRUs) that are defined based on three fundamental land-use categories: forest, agricultural land, and developed areas, based on subsequent development of WATER for the Delaware River Basin (Williamson and others, 2015). This refinement for agricultural areas, combined with the new software environment that enables easy substitution of precipitation and temperature data was used to develop a method focused on recent conditions in order to simulate daily peak streamflow for forecasted precipitation totals as well as the associated stage in order to identify if flood conditions are possible. Beven, K.J., and Kirkby, M.J., 1979, A physically based, variable contributing area model of basin hydrology / Un modèle à base physique de zone d'appel variable de l'hydrologie du bassin versant: Hydrological Sciences Bulletin v. 24, p. 43-69, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667909491834. U.S. Department of Agriculture [USDA], 1986, Urban hydrology for small watersheds: Natural Resources Conservation Service, Conservation Engineering Division, Technical Release 55, Revised June 1986, Update of Appendix A January 1999, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1421/ML14219A437.pdf. Williamson, T.N., Hoefling, D.J., Headman, A.O., and Gerzan, M.N., 2021, Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources for the Commonwealth of Kentucky updated for 2019: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AQH027. Williamson, T.N., Lant, J.G., Claggett, P.R., Nystrom, E.A., Milly, P.C.D., Nelson, H.L., Hoffman, S.A., Colarullo, S.J., and Fischer, J.M., 2015, Summary of hydrologic modeling for the Delaware River Basin using the Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5143, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155143. Williamson, T.N., Odom, K.R., Newson, J.K., Downs, A.C., Nelson Jr., H.L., Cinotto, P.J., and Ayers, M.A., 2009, The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER)—A water-budget modeling approach for managing water-supply resources in Kentucky—Phase I—Data processing, model development, and application to non-karst areas:U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009–5248, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095248. These data inform WATERpy for Haw Creek, Indiana. Data were aggregated for a buffered extent of Haw Creek near Clifford, IN (USGS Site 03364200) and includes the smaller Haw Creek at Hope, IN (USGS Site 03364042). Rasters include those that describe topography (topographic wetness interval), soil properties (saturated hydraulic conductivity [Ksat], soil thickness, total porosity, field-capacity porosity, available water-holding capacity), TOPMODEL-specific soil variables (conductivity multiplier, scaling parameter), and climatic drivers (precipitation, temperature) for 1980-2019. 19800101 20191231 ground condition Complete As needed -85.9 -85.6 39.4 39.2 USGS Thesaurus geospatial datasets streamflow modeling water budget land use and land cover soils USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:609ec2d3d34ea221ce3f4aad Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names Clifford Indiana Haw Creek Bartholomew County United States of America USGS Thesaurus Holocene Anthropocene none none Tanja N. Williamson MIDCONTINENT REGION: OHIO-KENTUCKY-INDIANA WSC Research Hydrologist mailing and physical

9818 Bluegrass Parkway

Louisville KY 40299-1906 United States 502-493-1934 tnwillia@usgs.gov Tanja N. Williamson Dayle J. Hoefling Alexander O. Headman Mallory N. Gerzan 2021 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AQH027 Tanja N. Williamson Kenneth R. Odom Jeremy K. Newson Aimee C. Downs Hugh L. Nelson Peter J. Cinotto Mark A. Ayers 2009 Louisville, KY U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095248 Tanja N. Williamson Jeremiah G. Lant Peter R. Claggett Elizabeth A. Nystrom P.C.D. Milly Hugh Nelson Scott Hoffman Susan Colarullo Jeffrey Fischer 2015 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155143 No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Collin Homer Jon Dewitz 2018 dataset https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/p937pn4z Land Cover 20010101 20161231 ground condition NLCD 2016 Basis of hydrologic-response units Soil Survey Staff 2021 Fort Worth, Texas U.S. Department of Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service http://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov Digital soil survey 20210415 20210416 ground condition gSSURGO Basis of soil characterization Thornton, P.E. Thornton, M.M. Mayer, B.W. Wei, Y. Devarakonda, R. Vose, R.S. Cook, R.B. 2016 publication Oak Ridge, TN ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1328 meteorological 19800101 20191231 ground condition Daymet Basis of precipitation and temperature records used to drive hydrologic model. Gesch, D., Oimoen, M., Greenlee, S., Nelson, C., Steuck, M., Tyler, D. 2009 raster Sioux Falls, SD U.S. Geological Survey https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/#/ 9.14-m elevation data 201105 201105 ground condition NED; data available as 1/3 arc-second tiles Basis for calculation of topographic wetness index Data were retrieved December 2020 at https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1328. Tile 11568 was downloaded and was concatenated for 1980-2019 using ncrcat in the NCO (NetCDF Operator) toolkit (v4.9.5; Zender, 2020). A shapefile of the individual tile extent was created for sampling within WATERpy-KY. Data can be viewed in multiple programs, including ArcGIS or QGIS, as explained by the North American Regional Climate Assessment Program (https://www.narccap.ucar.edu/data/gis-howto.html). This refers to the following files: 11568prcp.nc and 11568tmax.nc. Zender, C. S., 2008, Analysis of Self-describing Gridded Geoscience Data with netCDF Operators (NCO): Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 23, no.10, p. 1338-1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.03.004 Daymet 202012 Processing of each data layer was described in detail by Williamson and others (2009). Climatic data are from Daymet (Thornton and others, 2016) and include maximum daily air temperature and total daily precipitation on a 1-km resolution. Generalized land cover is provided in order to separate basins into separate hydrologic response units (HRUs). However, neither the climatic data nor the HRUs are used for simulation of floods in small basins like Haw Creek, where the most recent climatic conditions are needed to drive the hydrologic simulation and land cover is of primarily one type. The 10-m National Elevation Dataset (Gesch, 2008) was used to derive both the synthetic stream network (snet), to estimate riparian area, and the topographic wetness index (TWI). The topographic wetness index (TWI) integrates the upslope contributing area with the local slope (Beven and Kirkby, 1979). SSURGO data were downloaded for the buffered extent of (03364200) Haw Creek near Clifford, IN (USDA-NRCS, 2020). The chorizon, component, mapunit, and legend tables were used to calculate depth-weighted and area-weighted means for soil characteristics used in hydrologic simulation, including: soil thickness, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), total porosity, field-capacity water content, and permanent-wilting-point water content. Available-water holding capacity was computed as the difference between field-capacity and wilting-point. Only those soil layers with a Ksat greater than or equal to 1 micrometer per second were included; these layers are considered to be "hydrologically active" (HA) on the daily time step simulated by the hydrologic tool. Further details on the calculation of these means are provided by Williamson and others, 2009. Tabular data were joined with the original 10-m SSURGO raster in ArcMap 10.7 to create rasters from the values in the table. Each soil raster used a multiplier of 100 (00) in order to create integer rasters that retained the appropriate level of precision. In the basin characteristics reported with individual simulations, units are converted to mm and days, as appropriate. In the database, units are those native to SSURGO. NED Web Soil Survey NLCD Daymet 20190331 Hydrologic Unit Code 0512 Raster Grid Cell 2037 2009 Albers Conical Equal Area 29.5 45.5 -96.0 23.0 0.0 0.0 coordinate pair 10.0 10.0 meters North American Datum of 1983 GRS80 6378137.0 298.26 Daymet Daily record of precipitation and maximum daily temperature https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1328 11568prcp.nc Daily total precipitation in millimeters per day, sum of all forms converted to water-equivalent. Further information is available at https://daymet.ornl.gov . Please refer to the Daymet process description section for further accessibility questions. Producer Defined 11568 Data resolution is 1 km x 1 km. Data downloaded as 2 degree x 2 degree tile used for study area. defined by source 0 200 mm -9999 missing value Daymet 11568tmax.nc Daily maximum 2-meter air temperature in degrees Celsius. Further information is available at https://daymet.ornl.gov . Please refer to the Daymet process description section for further accessibility questions. Producer Defined 11568 Data resolution is 1 km x 1 km. Data downloaded as 2 degree x 2 degree tile used for study area. defined by source -23.5 40.5 degrees Celsius -9999 missing value Daymet Daymet.prj Supplemental .prj to provide projection information to the geospatial scripts for daymet climate datasets. Additional information can be found at https://daymet.ornl.gov. Producer Defined Daymet_Tiles.shp Supplemental .shp to provide boundary of the Daymet tile. Producer Defined FID Internal object identifier. Producer Defined Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Object shape in the .shp file. Producer Defined Polygon FID has a polygon shape Producer Defined OBJECTID A unique, not null integer field used to uniquely identify rows in tables in a geodatabase. Producer Defined 2 2 ID Tile number from Daymet associated with the study area. Producer Defined 11568 Tile number from Daymet Producer Defined gridcode Automatically generated when converting raster layers to vector layers. Producer Defined Automatically generated when converting raster layers to vector layers. Shape_Leng Length of each FID. Producer Defined 878000 878000 Shape_Area Area of each FID. Producer Defined 35172000000 35172000000 pptProp_24hrs.csv Proportional precipitation distributions. Potential rainfall distributions were derived using the methods of Huff (1967) and are used to distribute daily rainfall to 24 individual hours. Thirty-four locally derived storms (Historical Climatology Network [Menne and others, 2012a,b] sites Columbus Water Works [121752; "C"] and Waldron 2 W [129174; "W"]) were combined with twelve regional design storms (Bonnin and others, 2006) and a uniform precipitation design storm in order to provide a range of potential precipitation distributions for any given precipitation forecast. The decimal values in each column sum to one over the 24 hour period. This provides the distribution of rainfall that occurs each hour of the storm. Huff, F.A., 1967, Time distribution of rainfall in heavy storms: Water Resources Research, v. 3, no. 4, p. 1007-1019, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR003i004p01007. Bonnin, G. M., Martin, D., Lin, B., Parzybok, T., Yekta, M., and Riley, D., 2006, NOAA Atlas 14 Precipitation-frequency atlas of the United States Volume 2 Version 3.0: Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, retrieved from https://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/pfds_map_cont.html?bkmrk. Menne, M.J., Durre, I., Vose, R.S., Gleason, B.E., and Houston, T.G., 2012a, An Overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily Database: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, v. 29, no. 7, p. 897-910, https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/atot/29/7/jtech-d-11-00103_1.xml. Menne, M.J., Durre, I., Korzeniewski, B., McNeal, S., Thomas, K., Yin, X., Anthony, S., Ray, R., Vose, R.S., Gleason, B.E., and Houston, T.G., 2012b, Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily (GHCN-Daily), Version 3: Sites 121752, 129174, US1INDC0006, NOAA National Climatic Data Center https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/search?datasetid=GHCND. HR Hour in day Producer Defined 0 23 hour Q1_WY Daily precipitation concentrated in first quarter of storm with storm duration of 34 hours. Producer Defined 0.011 0.091 decimal Q2_WY Daily precipitation concentrated in second quarter of storm with storm duration of 25 hours. Producer Defined 0.016 0.095 decimal Q3_WY Daily precipitation concentrated in third quarter of storm with storm duration of 14 hours. Producer Defined 0 0.142 decimal Q4_WY Daily precipitation concentrated in fourth quarter of storm with storm duration of 26 hours. Producer Defined 0.006 0.155 decimal C_WY1952 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q3 flood event in January 1952. Producer Defined 0 0.218 decimal W_WY1952 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in January 1952. Producer Defined 0 0.246 decimal C_WY1961 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q2 flood event in May 1961. Producer Defined 0 0.304 decimal W_WY1961 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q2 flood event in May 1961. Producer Defined 0 0.275 decimal C_WY1963 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q2 flood event in March 1963. Producer Defined 0 0.151 decimal W_WY1963 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q1 flood event in March 1963. Producer Defined 0 0.173 decimal C_WY1968 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q4 flood event in May 1968. Producer Defined 0 0.130 decimal W_WY1968 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q1 flood event in May 1968. Producer Defined 0 0.121 decimal C_WY1970 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q2 flood event in April 1970. Producer Defined 0 0.282 decimal C_WY1972 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q4 flood event in April 1972. Producer Defined 0.005 0.230 decimal C_WY1974 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q3 flood event in September 1974. Producer Defined 0 0.362 decimal W_WY1974 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q2 flood event in September 1974. Producer Defined 0 0.438 decimal W_WY1975 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q2 flood event in February 1975. Producer Defined 0 0.174 decimal W_WY1978 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in March 1978. Producer Defined 0 0.364 decimal W_WY1982 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in January 1982. Producer Defined 0 0.111 decimal C_WY1989 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q3 flood event in May 1989. Producer Defined 0 0.636 decimal W_WY1989 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in May 1989. Producer Defined 0 0.455 decimal C_WY1991 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q3 flood event in January 1991. Producer Defined 0 0.125 decimal W_WY1991 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in January 1991. Producer Defined 0 0.156 decimal C_WY1994 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q3 flood event in November 1994. Producer Defined 0 0.130 decimal W_WY1994 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q2 flood event in November 1994. Producer Defined 0 0.143 decimal C_WY2005 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q1 flood event in January 2005. Producer Defined 0 0.125 decimal W_WY2005 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q1 flood event in January 2005. Producer Defined 0 0.086 decimal C_WY2008 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q3 flood event in June 2008. Producer Defined 0 0.409 decimal W_WY2008 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q4 flood event in June 2008. Producer Defined 0 0.241 decimal C_WY2011 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q1 flood event in April 2011. Producer Defined 0 0.333 decimal W_WY2011 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in April 2011. Producer Defined 0 0.3 decimal W_WY2012 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q4 flood event in May 2012. Producer Defined 0 0.714 decimal C_WY2014 Precipitation at HCN 121752 for Q4 flood event in December 2014. Producer Defined 0 0.175 decimal W_WY2014 Precipitation at HCN 129174 for Q3 flood event in December 2014. Producer Defined 0 0.114 decimal Q1_6hr Six-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the first quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.361 decimal Q2_6hr Six-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the second quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.305 decimal Q3_6hr Six-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the third quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.281 decimal Q4_6hr Six-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the fourth quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.277 decimal Q1_12hr Twelve-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the first quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.223 decimal Q2_12hr Twelve-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the second quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.171 decimal Q3_12hr Twelve-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the third quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.161 decimal Q4_12hr Twelve-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the fourth quarter. Producer Defined 0 0.164 decimal Q1_24hr 24-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the first quarter. Producer Defined 0.001 0.109 decimal Q2_24hr 24-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the second quarter. Producer Defined 0.001 0.094 decimal Q3_24hr 24-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the third quarter. Producer Defined 0.007 0.092 decimal Q4_24hr 24-hour storm with largest proportion of precipitation in the fourth quarter. Producer Defined 0.021 0.091 decimal Even Equal proportions of precipitation in each hour of day. Producer Defined 0.042 0.042 decimal LC3.tif NLCD 2016 simplified to open water plus three land-cover classes: forested, agricultural, developed Producer Defined OID Internal object identifier. Producer Defined Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 0 Open Water - NLCD Class 11 Producer Defined 1 Forest - includes NLCD Classes 41-43, 52, 90 and 95 Producer Defined 2 Agricultural - includes NLCD Classes 81 and 82 Producer Defined 3 Developed - includes Classes 21-24, 31 and 71 Producer Defined Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 1242 241580 IMP.tif NLCD 2016 impervious layer Homer and Dewitz (2018) OID Internal object identifier. Producer Defined Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Value Percent of surface that is impervious to water infiltration Homer and Dewitz (2018) 0 98 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Homer and Dewitz (2018) 2 275107 Red Each raster cell has a value that corresponds to the saturation level of the color. Homer and Dewitz (2018) 0 238 Green Each raster cell has a value that corresponds to the saturation level of the color. Homer and Dewitz (2018) 0 209 Blue Each raster cell has a value that corresponds to the saturation level of the color. Homer and Dewitz (2018) 0 235 Opacity Value corresponds to the level of transparency. Homer and Dewitz (2018) 255 255 snet_10m.tif Synthetic stream network based on minimum upstream contributing area of 0.25 km2 Producer Defined Value presence or absence of stream cell Producer Defined 0 no stream Producer Defined 1 stream Producer Defined Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 15037 2299869 1 stream Producer Defined TWI_10m.tif Topographic Wetness Index (unitless) Producer Defined Value Topographic Wetness Index Producer Defined 2.5329520702362 18.960681915283 HA00_Ksat.tif Saturated hydraulic conductivity of hydrologically active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 65535 no data available defined by ArcGIS 290 21424 micrometers per second x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 44 692942 HA00_POR.tif Total porosity of hydrologically active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 65535 no data available defined by ArcGIS 1727 5300 percent x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 44 692942 HA00_FC.tif Field-capacity porosity of hydrologically active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 65535 no data available defined by ArcGIS 789 3975 percent x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 44 692942 HA00_AWC.tif Available-water holding capacity of hydrologiclly active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 127 no data available defined by ArcGIS 5 29 decimal x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 79 1230884 HA00_TH.tif Thickness of hydrologically active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 65535 no data available defined by ArcGIS 2500 20300 cm x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 130 692942 HA00_cnmlt.tif Conductivity multiplier (conmult) of the hydrologically active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined -32768 no data available defined by ArcGIS 200 10010 decimal x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 144 1641510 HA00_m1.tif Scaling parameter of the hydrologically active soil Producer Defined Value Unique numeric values contained in each raster cell. Producer Defined 2147483647 no data available defined by ArcGIS 1734 38075 mm x 100 Count Number of raster cells with this value. Producer Defined 44 693751 U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it may contain copyrighted materials. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. The data have been approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although the data have been subjected to rigorous review and are substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, the data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from authorized or unauthorized use. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Users of these data are advised to read all metadata and associated documentation thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. This zip file contains data in Climate and Forecast-Network Common Data Form (CF-netCDF) that were developed for use with the WATERpy hydrologic model. When the database is downloaded please note the file structure of the climate data must not change for the tool to run. The user must have the ability to utilize these file formats if they are to be used independently. 20230328 Tanja N. Williamson MIDCONTINENT REGION: OHIO-KENTUCKY-INDIANA WSC Research Hydrologist mailing and physical

9818 Bluegrass Parkway

Louisville KY 40299-1906 United States 502-493-1934 tnwillia@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998