Joshua D. Larsen David R. O'Leary Christopher P. Ely 20220111 vector digital data; tabular digital data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AD7DL8 Infiltrometers are devices used to measure the infiltration rates of water into soils or porous media (Bouwer, 1986). Cylinder infiltrometers are generally constructed from metal shaped into cylinders which are driven into the ground and flooded with water. The rate at which water infiltrates into the ground is measured until the rate of infiltration is constant to capture unsaturated infiltration rates and beyond steady state to measure saturated infiltration rates and conductivity (Bouwer, 1986). Infiltrometers are typically employed to measure the rate of infiltration on inundated soils such as surface irrigation, seepage from surface water such as streams or reservoirs, or infiltration basins for groundwater recharge (Bouwer, 1986). Single ring and double ring infiltrometer tests can be performed using constant head or falling head conditions. A single ring infiltrometer consists of one metal ring that is used to measure infiltration. A double ring infiltrometer consists of a smaller nested infiltrometer within a larger cylinder. Equal water levels are maintained in both rings to mitigate divergent infiltration so that vertical infiltration can be measured in the inner infiltrometer (Bouwer, 1986). Under the constant head condition, Mariotte bottles (Schwertz, 1950) are used to maintain a constant head (water-level elevation) in the infiltrometer ring. For falling head tests, the water level is allowed to drop with time and the amount of water that infiltrates is measured. Several tests should be performed at the same location to obtain accurate measurements (Bouwer, 1986). Infiltrometer tests were performed at 12 streambed sites within the San Antonio Creek Valley watershed (SACVW) in order to quantify infiltration potential along San Antonio Creek and its tributaries. Data were collected over the course of five days beginning on August 22, 2017 and ending on August 26, 2017. Five sites (SAC-STB1 through SAC-STB5) were selected along the main channel of San Antonio Creek, and seven sites (SAC-UPL1 through SAC-UPL7) were selected along tributary channels. This digital dataset was created as part of a U.S. Geological Survey study, done in cooperation with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency and Vandenberg Space Force Base, to be used to conduct a hydrologic resource assessment, and as digital hydrogeologic input data for simulation of a numerical integrated hydrologic model of the San Antonio Creek Valley Watershed, California. Streambed infiltrometer tests were performed at 12 sites in the SACVW to estimate streambed conductivity, infiltration rate, and specific yield. Data from 12 infiltrometer tests are served as comma separated value files (*.csv extension). Spatial information for the location of each infitrometer test site is presented as a shapefile (*.shp). 20170822 20170826 observed Complete None planned San Antonio Creek Valley Watershed -120.44900 -120.18190 34.81190 34.73030 ISO 19115 Topic Category environment inlandWaters geoscientificInformation USGS Thesaurus groundwater and surface-water interaction streamflow percolation Alexandria Digital Library Feature Type Thesaurus streams USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:60073221d34e162231fb19da None Central California Coastal None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Christopher P Ely U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Hydrologist mailing address

4165 Spruance Road

San Diego CA 92101-0821 US 619-225-6166 cpely@usgs.gov This study was funded in part through cooperative agreements with the Santa Barbara County (CA) Water Agency and Vandenberg Air Force Base. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Core Team, 2017), Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, 2017) Herman Bouwer 19860101 2nd publication Madison, WI, USA Soil Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy ppg. 825-844 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c32 F. A. Schwertz 195009 publication Analytical Chemistry vol. 22, issue 9 n/a American Chemical Society (ACS) ppg. 1214-1216 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60045a043 No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Measurement accuracy is limited by instrument noise, and high frequency noise based on equation assumptions. This is noticeable during the beginning of readings for "Cumulative_Infiltration." No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. 5 meters 15 meters Double ring infiltrometers (Bouwer, 1986) were constructed with 61 centimeter (cm) and 122 cm diameters for the inner and outer rings respectively. The infiltrometer rings were assembled with the smaller ring inserted and fixed in position concentrically within the larger ring. Each ring was filled with water to an equal height. This level of water was maintained using large Mariotte bottles (Schwertz, 1950) for constant head infiltration tests. 20170815 For falling head infiltration tests, the single inner ring was used and the cumulative change in water level height was measured in the inner infiltrometer ring (cm). Falling head infiltration tests were repeated a minimum of five times. 20170822 For constant head infiltration tests, cumulative the infiltration was calculated according to the equation I = (rm/rr)2(∆P_g/ρ_w g + ∆h_r), which was derived from (Schwertz, (1950), where r_m, and r_r represent the inner radius of the Mariotte bottle and the inner ring of the double ring infiltrometer respectively, ∆P_g is the change in gas pressure in the head space of the Mariotte bottle, ρ_w is the fluid density, g is gravity, and ∆h_r accounts for changes in water level in the inner ring. Tests were repeated a minimum of five times. 20170826 Vector Entity point 12 0.0197702413 0.0239506571 Decimal seconds North_American_Datum_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 Two types of data are presented on this page. Cumulative infiltration data collected from 12 infiltration testing locations are presented in comma separated value file format (*.csv). Files named with the suffix UPL correspond to upland, while those named STB corresponds to streambed test sites. Data files are numbered in ascending order from east to west to match the principal direction of groundwater flow within the basin. Five stream bed infiltration sites (SAC-STB1 through SAC-STB5) were selected along San Antonio creek to quantify infiltration potential. Infiltration tests were also taken at seven upland sites (SAC-UPL1 through SAC-UPL7). Multiple tests were repeated at each location. Entity and attribute information regarding these files can be found in the associated data dictionary "SAC_Infiltrometer_datadictionary.csv". Spatial data for the infiltrometer test locations is served in the form of a shapefile (extension *.shp). Entity and attribute information for the spatial data can be found in the data dictionary "SAC_Infil_Spatial_datadictionary.csv". A metadata document "SAC_Infiltrometers.xml" describing the data is presented in an extensible markup language file format (*.xml). Missing data values were assigned "NA". SAC_Infiltrometer_datadictionary.csv SAC_Infil_Spatial_datadictionary.csv GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AD7DL8 None 20220111 Christopher P Ely U.S. Geological Survey, SOUTHWEST REGION Hydrologist mailing address

4165 Spruance Road

San Diego CA 92101-0821 US 619-225-6166 cpely@usgs.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999