Brian A. Tangen 20201230 tabular digital data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KPH0QS A study was conducted to assess the vertical accretion of sediment in the Mud Lake impoundment of Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, located in Brown County, South Dakota. Sediment cores were collected from the Mud Lake impoundment during 2000 for determination of vertical accretion rates, which were estimated using cesium-137 and lead-210 isotopic dating techniques. These data directly support the associated publication “Sedimentation Rates in the Marshes of Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, South Dakota” which is referenced within the Metadata. Soil cores were collected and the resulting data were analyzed to facilitate estimation of vertical sediment accretion in the Mud Lake impoundment of Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge. The publication that resulted from these data was intended to inform management of the impoundments of Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, but the information provided is applicable to managed impoundments of other refuges, as well as similar systems outside of the National Wildlife Refuge System. 2000 ground condition Complete None planned -98.3812 -98.1203 45.9321 45.6400 Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, South Dakota ISO 19115 Topic Category environment inlandWaters USGS Thesaurus Core analysis Field inventory and monitoring Isotopic analysis Radiometric dating Sedimentation Cesium Lead Radium USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5feb9072d34ea5387defbb6e Geographic Names Information System United States of America South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS Cadastral Database Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge Authorized distribution is strongly recommended to be direct from the distributor described above or from U.S. Geological Survey ScienceBase Catalog Service (https://www.sciencebase.gov). Data integrity can be verified using authentication information herein. The distributor makes no claims as to the suitability of these data for other purposes than those described herein. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of their limitations. Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual ground conditions. Users should also be aware that comparison with other data sets for the same area that were generated from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in mapping conventions, data collection, and computer processing methods over time. The distributor shall not be liable for improper or incorrect use of these data, based on the description of appropriate/inappropriate uses described in this metadata document. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of these data. Notification of new data products developed directly from these data would also be appreciated; please notify the listed primary contact or U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Center staff. Brian Tangen U.S. Geological Survey Ecologist mailing address

8711 37th Street Southeast

Jamestown North Dakota 58401 United States 1-402-328-4134 btangen@usgs.gov U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Robert A. Gleason Ned H. Euliss, Jr. Charles W. Holms 2003 Report Jamestown, ND U.S. Geological Survey Laboratory equipment for determination of isotopic activity was calibrated according to manufacturer recommendations and laboratory standard operating procedures. Standard errors were provided for all isotopic estimates. Manually recorded field data (field data sheets) were double-entered into spreadsheets and the duplicate workbooks were compared to identify any errors. Laboratory isotopic data were examined for potential errors or outliers through a combination of graphical inspection and examination of various summary statistics such as means, ranges, etc. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Cesium-137 (Cs-137) deposition (i.e., fallout) was estimated by multiplying Strontium-90 deposition by 1.65. Residual Cs-137 was calculated for each time period based on beta decay of Cs-137 since August of 2000 (decimal date: 2000.666), when the soil cores were collected. Cumulative Cs-137 deposition and residual Cs-137 were calculated by summing the value for the current time periods (i.e., date) and value of the sum of the previous time periods. The expected Cs-137 inventory was calculated for each time period (date) by summing Cs-137 deposition and the expected Cs-137 deposition from the previous time period adjusted for beta decay. 2002 core.activity.csv Laboratory results from the isotopic analyses of soil cores collected from Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Brown County, South Dakota. Isotopic data, bulk density, water content, and loss on ignition are presented for each soil core by depth increments. Originator defined YEAR Year of soil core collection Producer Defined 2000 2000 Gregorian calendar year MONTH Month of soil core collection Producer Defined 8 8 Gregorian calendar month DAY Day of soil core collection Producer Defined 1 1 Gregorian calendar day CORE Soil core identification number Producer Defined 1 4 not applicable MIN_DEPTH Minimum depth of soil core segment Producer Defined 0 84 centimeters MAX_DEPTH Maximum depth of soil core segment Producer Defined 2 86 centimeters REP Analytical replicate number Producer Defined 1 3 not applicable XDEPTH Mean depth of soil core segment Producer Defined 1 85 centimeters BD_WET Wet soil bulk density Producer Defined 0.64 2.82 grams per cubic centimeter -9999 missing value Producer defined BD_DRY Dry soil bulk density Producer Defined 0.04 2.35 grams per cubic centimeter -9999 missing value Producer defined WATER_CONT Water content of soil core segment Producer Defined 16.48 93.23 percent -9999 missing value Producer defined LOI Loss on ignition Producer Defined 1.8 66.4 percent dry weight -9999 missing value Producer defined PB_210 Total Lead isotope 210 activity Producer Defined 0.58 47.2 Disintegrations per minute per gram -9999 missing value Producer defined PB_210_SE Standard error, total Lead isotope 210 activity Producer Defined 0.01 0.54 Disintegrations per minute per gram -9999 missing value Producer defined RA_226 Radium isotope 226 activity Producer Defined 0.54 1.91 Disintegrations per minute per gram -9999 missing value Producer defined RA_226_SE Standard error, Radium isotope 226 activity Producer Defined 0.05 1.05 Disintegrations per minute per gram -9999 missing value Producer defined CS_137 Cesium isotope 137 activity Producer Defined 0.08 7.19 Disintegrations per minute per gram -9999 missing value Producer defined TR Trace quantities, too low to quantify Producer defined CS_137_SE Standard error, Cesium isotope 137 activity Producer Defined 0.04 0.22 Disintegrations per minute per gram -9999 missing value Producer defined discharge.csv Annual (1946–2000) discharge of water from Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Brown County, South Dakota. Data were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage 06471000 (James River at Columbia, South Dakota). Producer Defined YEAR Year of measurement Producer Defined 1946 2000 Gregorian calendar year DISCHARGE_HA_M Annual discharge of water from Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Brown County, South Dakota. Discharge data were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey gage station on the James River at Columbia, South Dakota. Producer Defined 6 81334 hectare meters -9999 missing value Producer defined fallout.csv Atmospheric fallout (deposition) of Strontium-90 and estimated inventory of Cesium-137 for Vermillion, South Dakota, from 1957–1990. Data were obtained from the U.S. Department of Energy, Environmental Measurements Laboratory. Producer Defined YEAR Year of measurement Producer Defined 1957 2000 Gregorian calendar year QUARTER Quarter of year Producer Defined 1 4 none -9999 missing value Producer defined MONTH Month of measurement Producer Defined 1 12 Gregorian calendar month -9999 missing value Producer defined DECYEAR Decimal year of measurement Producer Defined 1957.33 2000.75 Gregorian calendar year SITE Global fallout site identification Producer Defined Global fallout site identification NA missing value Producer defined SAMPLEID Global fallout sample identification number Producer Defined Global fallout sample identification number -9999 missing value Producer defined SR90_DEP Strontium-90, deposition Producer Defined 0 5.98 millicurie per square kilometer -9999 missing value Producer defined CS137_DEP Cesium-137, deposition Producer Defined 0 9.867 millicurie per square kilometer CS137_DEP_DPM Cesium-137, deposition Producer Defined 0 2.190474 disintegrations per minute per square centimeter CS_137_RES Cesium-137, residual Producer Defined 0 0.90532898 disintegrations per minute per square centimeter CS137_CUMDEP Cesium-137, cumulative deposition Producer Defined 0.07326 31.505463 disintegrations per minute per square centimeter -9999 missing value Producer defined CS137_CUMRES Cesium-137, cumulative residual Producer Defined 0.026923915 13.62410638 disintegrations per minute per square centimeter -9999 missing value Producer defined CS137_INV Cesium-137, inventory Producer Defined 0.07326 25.34691022 disintegrations per minute per square centimeter ScienceBase Staff U.S. Geological Survey-ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver Colorado 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. comma-separated values ASCII 0.010 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5b80587ce4b05f6e32195185?name=core.activity.csv comma-separated values ASCII 0.001 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/599b01a2e4b0b589267d608d?name=discharge.csv comma-separated values ASCII 0.037 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5feb9072d34ea5387defbb6e=fallout.csv None 20220421 U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center mailing address

8711 37th Street Southeast

Jamestown North Dakota 58401 United States 1-701-253-5500 npwrc_datamanager@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998