Josh Woda Jason Finkelstein John Williams 20220502 Data Release Troy, NY U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P96R5K5R Nicholas Corson-Dosch Michael N. Fienen Jason S. Finkelstein Andrew T. Leaf Jeremy T. White Joshua C. Woda John H. Williams 2022 publication n/a US Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215112 This dataset includes well logs used in the creation of the Roundout Neversink hydrogeologic framework. Well logs were used from multiple sources (DEC, DOT, NWIS) and were a crucial component in generating hydrogeologic layer elevations and thicknesses. Well logs are available in their original form on GeoLog Locator (https://webapps.usgs.gov/GeoLogLocator/#!/) and provided here in the digitized form (shapefiles and feature classes), which were used in the generation of the hydrogeologic framework. The purpose of this dataset is to provide the key observations used to guide the hydrogeologic framework models. 2019 2020 ground condition Complete None planned -74.7 -74.325 41.855 41.5 USGS Thesaurus Sourcewater Valley Fill Bedrock Mapping Aquifer mapping Glacial geology Well Log USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5fbd69b3d34e4b9faad7e262 Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names Rondout-Neversink New York Sullivan County Ulster County Orange County none none Joshua C Woda NORTHEAST REGION: NEW YORK WATER SCI CTR Hydrologist mailing and physical

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Troy NY 12180 US 518-285-5606 jwoda@usgs.gov Values were quality checked multiple ways, including outlier detection and physical examination of the data. A check was performed for duplication. Well log elevation data were checked to ensure for logical geologic sense (i.e. bedrock elevation is not above land surface). Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Values were quality checked multiple ways, including outlier detection and physical examination of the data. The United States Geologic Survey 2020 Database table https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis The United States Geologic Survey https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis Database table 19760916 20190729 incomplete NWIS well log data This data was used to help define the depth to bedrock The New York Department of Environmental Conservation 2020 Well logs and spreadsheet Albany, NY The New York Department of Environmental Conservation https://webapps.usgs.gov/geologlocator/#!/search Well Logs 19300201 20190630 incomplete NY DEC well logs This data provided by the NY DEC was used to help define hydrogeologic layers, surficial geology, and better understand the subsurface in general The New York Department of Transportation 2020 Boring logs provided as shapefile N/A The New York Department of Transportation https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis Boring logs provided as shapefile 19660908 20180328 incomplete NY DOT Boreholes This data provided by the NY DOT was used to help define hydrogeologic layers, surficial geology, and better understand the subsurface in general U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 20131215 shapefile Data Fort Worth, Texas U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service https://cugir.library.cornell.edu/catalog/cugir-007917 shapefile Data 20060101 20130101 Complete SSURGO Soil Survey Geographic Database for Sullivan County, NY U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 20140917 shapefile Data Fort Worth, Texas U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service https://cugir.library.cornell.edu/catalog/cugir-007911 shapefile Data 20050912 20140917 Complete SSURGO Soil Survey Geographic Database for Orange County, NY U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 20131215 shapefile Data Fort Worth, Texas U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service https://cugir.library.cornell.edu/catalog/cugir-007920 shapefile Data 20070509 20131215 Complete SSURGO Soil Survey Geographic Database for Ulster County, NY Terrapoint USA 20080307 Raster Houston, Texas Terrapoint USA https://gis.ny.gov/elevation/metadata/Terrapoint-2007-209-U-NY-Susquehanna-Delaware-FEMA.xml Raster 20070422 20070513 Current LIDAR coverage LIDAR was used as a benchmark to: help define hydrogeologic layer elevations and, adjust and create surficial geology, and provide understanding about the hydrogeologic framework. New York State Department of Environmental Preservation, Division of Water, Watershed GIT Support Group 20090901 Raster Albany, NY New York State Department of Environmental Preservation, Division of Water, Watershed GIT Support Group https://gis.ny.gov/elevation/metadata/2009-West-of-Hudson-LiDAR.xml Raster 20090331 20090624 Current LIDAR coverage LIDAR was used as a benchmark to: help define hydrogeologic layer elevations and, adjust and create surficial geology, and provide understanding about the hydrogeologic framework. U.S. Geological Survey 201508 Raster U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey https://gis.ny.gov/elevation/metadata/Ulster-Dutchess-Orange-Counties-NY-Classified-LAS.xml Raster 20131120 20140601 Current LIDAR coverage LIDAR was used as a benchmark to: help define hydrogeologic layer elevations and, adjust and create surficial geology, and provide understanding about the hydrogeologic framework. To start, all DEC well logs, NWIS wells, and DOT boreholes were obtained from their respective sources. DEC wells and DOT boreholes were provided by the NY DEC and NY DOT respectively. NWS well logs were first downloaded off of the NWIS server and then brought into ArcGIS directly. 2020 Every DEC well log in the valley, and the majority of well logs in the uplands were looked at individually. Notes were compiled as to the elevation of key hydrogeologic units such as bottom of the unconfined aquifer (bottom L1), bottom of the confining unit (bottom L2 where applicable), and top of bedrock (bottom L3). These geologic data where then brought into ArcGIS as an excel spreadsheet before its conversion to a feature class. 2020 DOT Boreholes were provided to the United States geologic survey as a shapefile. A new point dataset was generated and key hydrogeologic unit elevations were manually added to that point dataset 2020 NWIS wells typically did not have pertinent hydrogeologic data. Query searches were performed to identify potentially useful information. When found, these elevations were manually added to the relevant point dataset. NWIS wells were occasionally used to help define bedrock surface using the casing method described in Finkelstein and others, 2022. 2020 Because of the large nature of this study area, multiple LIDAR data layers were mosaicked together to provide complete coverage. During instances of LIDAR overlap, the LIDAR coverage with the smallest cell size was given priority. 2020 Bedrock elevation values were calculated by first extracting surface elevation from the LIDAR at each well point location. The extracted LIDAR value was subtracted by the depth to bedrock value for each well, which would equal the bedrock elevation. Other layer elevations were also calculated in this manner. 2020 In addition to digitizing DEC well logs within the study area, personal information from each well log was individually redacted using the redaction tool within Adobe Acrobat Pro. The redacted files of these well logs are available on GeoLog Locator (https://webapps.usgs.gov/GeoLogLocator/#!/). 2020 1.0E-5 1.0E-5 Decimal degrees D_North_American_1983 NAD_1983 6378137.0 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.01 meter Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Rondout_Neversink_WellLogs This shapefile contains data points corresponding to groundwater wells. Within the shapefile are elevations of various geologic layers and the observed depth to bedrock where applicable. The authors of this dataset conceived these values WellNO Not applicable for this dataset Producer defined This column describes names, and thus does not have a set defined value or variable Latitude The latitude in decimal degrees of the associated point Producer defined 41.539111 41.824535 Decimal degrees Longitude The longitude in decimal degrees of the associated point Producer defined -74.356472 -74.640159 Decimal degrees Point_Type Describes what layer elevation the well log on the assigned row corresponds with. One well may have multiple rows with different point types. For ease, multiple point types were compiled into one shapefile rather than having multiple datasets. The name and description of what each point type represent are further described below Producer defined Bedrock - Uplands These points contain bedrock elevations and package thicknesses in the upland areas Producer-defined Bedrock - Valley These points contain bedrock elevations and package thicknesses in the valley areas Producer-defined Layer 1 - Valley These points contain L1 or bottom of the unconfined aquifer elevations in the valley areas Producer-defined Layer 2 - Valley These points contain L2 or bottom of the confining unit elevations in the valley areas Producer-defined Bedrock - Valley and Uplands These points represent a subset of DOT boreholes that contain bedrock data and are located very close to the valley edge Producer-defined Comments Assorted comments pertaining to select points, used to provide additional clarity about the well logs Producer defined Assorted comments pertaining to select points, used to provide additional clarity about the well logs (when provided) Elev_Meter The surface elevation of various geologic layers (identified in the "Point_Type" column) in meters. Producer defined -22.322587 687.143022 Meters DTB_Meters The depth to bedrock calculated from the land surface elevation minus the bedrock surface elevation. Any value of 0 is a NULL value within the provided shapefile. This is not applicable for the accompanying feature class, as the NULL values will be shown. Producer defined 0.9144 79.248 Meters ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Not for navigational use. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 20260424 Josh Woda The United States Geologic Survey Hydrologist mailing and physical

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Troy New York 12180 The United States 518-285-5606 jwoda@USGS.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998