May, Amanda N. Gaige, Devin L. 20221021 Excel, CSV Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P92NMP52 From May to December 2017, 48 environmental samples and six quality control samples were collected throughout the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins. Samples were collected from nine production wells and 11 domestic wells in the Upper Hudson River Basin, and 14 production wells and 14 domestic wells in the Central New York River Basin. Of the total wells sampled, 22 were completed in bedrock and 26 were completed in sand and gravel. Approximately 20 percent of samples were collected from wells that were previously sampled as in 2007 and 2012. Groundwater samples were collected prior to any treatment or filtration systems, from existing domestic and production wells equipped with permanently installed pumps. Samples were collected and processed using standard USGS methods and were analyzed for 372 constituents including physicochemical properties, dissolved gases, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), radiological activity, and indicator bacteria. All analytes are listed in the data release, along with the associated method detection and reporting limits, some of which changed over time. About 73 percent of constituents analyzed were not detected at concentrations greater than the method detection limit. Samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) in Denver, Colorado, and other certified laboratories following published methods. Quality assurance and quality control samples were collected and assessed in each of the sampled basins. In the Upper Hudson River Basin, one replicate was collected at well SA1091, and in the Central New York River Basin, one replicate was collected at well OW1677, and both were analyzed for all constituents. Replicates analyzed for dissolved gases, radionuclides, and indicator bacteria were collected at well RE4784 of the Upper Hudson River Basin and well OT1821 of the Central New York River Basin. Field blanks analyzed for major ions, dissolved solids, nutrients, organic carbon, trace elements, pesticides, and VOCs were collected at well OT1821 and well RE4784. The VOC 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene was detected in blank samples and most of the groundwater samples, and contamination is suspected from the scintillation liquid in the radon sampling kits. Due to the potential for contamination bias, results for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene are not included. Groundwater samples were collected from domestic and production wells within the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins in support of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation’s responsibilities under Section 305(b) of the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 to report on the chemical quality of groundwater within New York State. Since 2002, ambient groundwater quality samples have been collected by USGS from the 14 major hydrologic basins in upstate New York (north of the New York City metropolitan area). The sampling program is designed such that two to three major basins are sampled each year, with each basin resampled once every five years. 20170531 20171220 ground condition Complete None planned -79.788208008196 -73.042602539715 45.141911371336 41.069579836983 USGS Thesaurus groundwater quality groundwater hydrogeology water resources water chemistry USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5f99b959d34e198cb786e77a Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Cayuga County Essex County Fulton County Hamilton County Lewis County Onondaga County Oneida County Ontario County Oswego County Rensselaer County Saratoga County Steuben County Seneca County Schuyler County Tompkins County Washington County Wayne County Warren County Yates County None Upper Hudson River Basin Central New York River Basin none none Amanda N May U.S. Geological Survey, New York Water Science Center Physical Scientist mailing and physical

425 Jordan Road

Troy NY 12180 US 518-285-5600 amay@usgs.gov In cooperation with New York State Department of Environmental Conservation No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Data was accessed from NWIS from 20200706 to 20201210 and formatted into tables by results. 2020 Point 1.0E-4 1.0E-4 Degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds Well Depth, feet below land surface 0.01 Feet Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Table_of_Contents.csv List of tables included in this data release. Producer defined. Table of Contents See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Site_Information.csv Sites sampled in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Sites sampled in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'P' denotes Production well; 'D' denotes Domestic well. (4) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (5) 'SG' denotes Sand and Gravel finish, 'B' denotes Bedrock finish. ' YYYYMMDD' denotes sample format is in year, month, and day format. 'N/A' denotes not applicable. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. References.csv References for analytical methods and drinking water standards. Producer defined. References for analytical methods and drinking water standards. 'N/A' denotes not applicable. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Constituents_Analyzed.csv Constituents that were analyzed in groundwater samples collected from wells in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Constituents that were analyzed in groundwater samples collected from wells in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. 'MDL' denotes method detection limit. 'RL' denotes reporting limit. 'N/A' denotes not applicable. '--' denotes no data. 'mg/L' denotes milligrams per liter. 'µS/cm' denotes microsiemens per centimeter. 'CaCO3' denotes calcium carbonate. 'SiO2' denotes silicon dioxide. 'N' denotes nitrogen. 'P' denotes phosphorus. 'µg/L' denotes micrograms per liter. 'ng/L' denotes nanograms per liter. 'pCi/L' denotes picocuries per liter. 'CFU' denotes colony forming unit. 'mL' denotes milliliter. '*' denotes for dissolved gas method, the method reporting level is equivalent to MDL. Constituents analyzed using the following methods were from unfiltered water samples: dissolved gases, LC1369, LC2689, LC2708, LC3211, LC3301, SH1080, SH2246, SH4437, SM9222B, SM9222D, and SM9215B. Constituents analyzed using the following methods were from filtered water samples: SH2437 and SH25. Constituents analyzed using the following method were from filtered water samples, unless otherwise noted as unfiltered: SH1723. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Phys._Prop._and_Diss._Gases.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of physicochemical properties and dissolved gases detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of physicochemical properties and dissolved gases detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) secondary drinking-water standard. (5) Sample was lost at injection. (6) High methane, cannot measure dissolved nitrogen gas due to interference. (7) Sample bottle was broken during shipment. Color was analyzed using the major ions method SH1723 (see 'References' table). physicochemical properties were measured using field methods (see 'References' table). Dissolved gases were analyzed using the dissolved gas method (see 'References' table). 'U' denotes presence undetected. 'M' denotes presence detected. '--' denotes no data. ' <' denotes less than value. 'N/A' denotes not applicable. 'mg/L' denotes milligrams per liter. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Major_Ions_and_Diss._Solids.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of major ions and dissolved solids detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of major ions and dissolved solids detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. (6) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) secondary drinking-water standard. (7) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) drinking-water advisory taste threshold. Major ions and dissolved solids were analyzed using method SH1723 (see 'References' table). '<' denotes less than value. 'mg/L' denotes milligrams per liter. 'CaCO3' denotes calcium carbonate. 'SiO2' denotes silicon dioxide. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Nutrients_and_Organic_Carbon.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of nutrients and organic carbon detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of nutrients and organic carbon detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. Nutrients and organic carbon were analyzed using the SH25 and LC3211 methods, respectively (see 'References' table). '<' denotes less than value. 'mg/L' denotes milligrams per liter. 'P' denotes phosphorus. 'N' denotes nitrogen. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Trace_Elements.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of trace elements detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of trace elements detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. (6) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) secondary drinking-water standard. (7) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) action level. Trace elements were analyzed using the SH1080, SH1723, LC2708, and LC3301 methods (see 'References' table). '<' denotes less than value. 'µg/L' denotes micrograms per liter. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Pesticides.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of pesticides detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of pesticides detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. (6) Sample results rejected due to high solids interference. Pesticides were analyzed using the SH2437 method (see 'References' table). 'E' denotes estimated. '<' denotes less than value. '--' denotes no data. 'ng/L' denotes nanograms per liter. '**' denotes unspecified organic contaminant. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Volatile_Organic_Compounds.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of volatile organic compounds detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of volatile organic compounds detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. (6) Total trihalomethanes (bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, tribromomethane [bromoform], trichloromethane [chloroform]): New York State Department of Health maximum contaminant level and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level = 80 µg/L. Volatile organic compounds were analyzed using the SH4436 and SH4437 methods (see 'References' table). 'E' denotes estimated value. '<' denotes less than value. 'µg/L' denotes micrograms per liter. '*' denotes principal organic contaminant. '**' denotes unspecified organic contaminant. A study reporting limit of 0.163 µg/L for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene was established based on the level detected in the RE4784 field blank. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Radionuclides.csv Drinking water standards and radionuclide activity detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and radionuclide activity detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. (6) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) proposed maximum contaminant level. (7) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) proposed alternative maximum contaminant level. Gross alpha radioactivity and gross beta radioactivity were analyzed using the LC2689 method (see 'References' table). Radon-222 was analyzed using the LC1369 method (see 'References' table). '<' denotes less than value. '--' denotes no data. 'pCi/L' denotes picocuries per liter. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Bacteria.csv Drinking water standards and concentrations of bacteriological indicators detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. Producer defined. Drinking water standards and concentrations of bacteriological indicators detected in groundwater samples collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; FU, Fulton; H, Hamilton; L, Lewis; OD, Onondaga; OE, Oneida; OT, Ontario; OW, Oswego; RE, Rensselaer; SA, Saratoga; SB, Steuben; SE, Seneca; SY, Schuyler; TM, Tompkins; W, Washington; WN, Wayne; WR, Warren; YA, Yates. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. Bacteriological indicators were analyzed using Standard Method 9222D/G and Standard Method 9215B (see 'References' table). '<' denotes less than value. '>' denotes greater than value. 'E' denotes estimated value. '--' denotes no data. 'CFU' denotes colony forming unit. 'mL' denotes milliliter. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. Comparison.csv Comparison of water-sample analyses collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2007, 2012, and 2017. Producer defined. Comparison of water-sample analyses collected in the Upper Hudson and Central New York River Basins, New York, 2007, 2012, and 2017. (1) 'NWIS' denotes National Water Inventory System. (2) Well Number is assigned to each well by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Well number prefix denotes county: CY, Cayuga; EX, Essex; OW, Oswego; SA, Saratoga; SY, Schuyler; WN, Wayne. (3) 'CNYRB' denotes Central New York River Basin; 'UHRB' denotes Upper Hudson River Basin. (4) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) maximum contaminant level. (5) New York State Department of Health (2018) maximum contaminant level. (6) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) secondary drinking-water standard. (7) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) drinking-water advisory taste threshold. (8) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) action level. (9) Total trihalomethanes (bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, tribromomethane [bromoform], trichloromethane [chloroform]): New York State Department of Health maximum contaminant level and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level = 80 µg/L. (10) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) proposed maximum contaminant level. (11) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2018) proposed alternative maximum contaminant level. (12) Sample was lost at injection. Analysis methods are described in the 'References' table. ' YYYYMMDD' denotes sample format is in year, month, and day format. 'U' denotes presence undetected. '<' denotes less than value. '--' denotes no data. '*' denotes principal organic contaminant. '**' denotes unspecified organic contaminant. '***' denotes a difference in parameter codes associated with the constituent as listed in the 'Constituents Analyzed' table. 'µg/L' denotes micrograms per liter. 'ng/L' denotes nanograms per liter. 'mg/L' denotes milligrams per liter. 'P' denotes phosphorus. 'N' denotes nitrogen. 'µS/cm' denotes microsiemens per centimeter. 'pCi/L' denotes picocuries per liter. 'CFU' denotes colony forming unit. 'CaCO3' denotes calcium carbonate. 'SiO2' denotes silicon dioxide. 'mL' denotes milliliter. See column headings. Producer defined. See column headings. ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Denver Colorado 80225 US 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 20221021 Amanda N May U.S. Geological Survey, New York Water Science Center Physical Scientist mailing and physical

425 Jordan Road

Troy NY 12180 US 518-285-5600 amay@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998