Varonka, Matthew S. Orem, William H. Lerch, Harry E. Corum, Margo D. Bates, Anne L. Botterell, Palma J. Schell, Tiffani M. 20200504 Comma delimited spreadsheet Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J7OY4T Several canals in southern Florida run from Lake Okeechobee through the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) and feed water to the northern Everglades. Agricultural and water-management practices affect the water quality of these canals. Fertilizers added in the EAA flow into the canals and are transported to treatment areas which remove much of the phosphorous in the water, but are not as effective in removing dissolved sulfate. Elevated sulfate concentrations, found downstream in the Water Conservation Areas in the northern Everglades, can stimulate sulfur-reducing bacteria which can also convert inorganic mercury to methyl mercury, a bioaccumulative neurotoxin. Chemistry data at 25 canal sites in southern Florida were sampled for water properties (temperature, pH, specific conductance), sulfur isotopes, major anions and cations, nutrients (including ammonium and orthophosphate), and trace metals. Data collection began in 1996 with a small subset of sites, and has continued through 2019. Funding for this data collection was provided by the USGS Priority Ecosystems Studies Program for South Florida (Nick Aumen, Program Executive). Data were collected to assess long-term trends in water quality of canals in southern Florida. 19961207 2019 ground condition In work As needed -80.9967 -79.9915 26.7501 25.6263 USGS Thesaurus (https://www2.usgs.gov/science/tab-term.html) surface water quality nonpoint-source pollution sulfur contaminant transport datasets USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5e8dc75f82cee42d134677f2 Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) (https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=138:1:0:::::) Broward County Miami-Dade County Palm Beach County The Everglades Geolex – U.S. Geologic Names Lexicon (https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Geolex/search) None USGS Thesaurus Holocene none none William H Orem NORTHEAST REGION: EASTERN ENERGY RESOURCES SC Supervisory Research Chemist mailing and physical

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Reston VA 20192 United States 703-648-6273 borem@usgs.gov This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Program (Nicholas Aumen, Regional Science Advisor). No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Water properties (Temperature, pH, and specific conductance) were measured in the field. Grab samples for gravimetric determination of sulfate and subsequent analysis of sulfur isotopes were collected in 500 mL Nalgene bottles and then stored at 4 °C until processing. Grab samples for major ion analysis, nutrient analysis (including ammonium and orthophosphate), and trace metals were filtered using 0.22 um syringe filters. Samples for major ions were collected in HDPE bottles and then kept at 4 °C until analysis. Samples for nutrients were collected in HDPE bottles and then frozen until analysis. Samples for trace metals were collected in acid-cleaned HDPE bottles, acidified to a pH < 2, and then stored at 4 °C until analysis. 2019 Matthew S Varonka NORTHEAST REGION: EASTERN ENERGY RESOURCES SC Chemist mailing and physical

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Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6412 mvaronka@usgs.gov Water samples were filtered through 0.4-μm Nuclepore filters (Whatman, Maidstone, England) before analysis in order to remove particulates, and the volume of the filtrate was measured to the nearest milliliter. The samples were then transferred to Erlenmeyer flasks, and the contents acidified to pH 4 with concentrated HCl. Samples were then heated on a hot plate, and barium chloride (10%) was added after boiling began. After volume reduction to about 100 mL, the samples were filtered through 0.4-μm Nuclepore filters to collect the precipitated barium sulfate (BaSO4). The mass of recovered BaSO4 was determined after drying the filters to a constant weight in a desiccator. Sulfate concentrations were calculated from the mass of sulfate recovered and the measured volume of the water sample. The recovered BaSO4 from water samples (described above) was converted to SO2 by combustion either on a vacuum line and isolated for stable isotope analysis using vacuum line methods or using an Thermo Fisher EA Isolink elemental analyzer. The 34S/32S of SO2 was determined using a Finnigan MAT 251 or Thermo Fisher Delta V Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer, and the results reported in delta notation (δ34S) as parts per thousand (‰) deviation from Canyon Diablo Triolite (CDT, Thode et al., 1961) or Vienna Canyon Diablo Triolite (VCDT, Coplen and Krouse, 1998) reference standard. The analytical uncertainty is estimated to be ±0.2‰ based on duplicate runs. Three sulfur standards (NBS-123, NZ-1, and Maine Light) were analyzed to calibrate the calculation of δ34S values. Thode, H.G., Monster, J., and Dunford, H.B.,1961, Sulfur isotope geochemistry, Geochim. Cosmochim Acta, v. 25, p. 159-174. Coplen, T. B., Krouse, 1998. Sulphur isotope data consistency improved, Nature, v. 392, 32. 2019 Anne L Bates NORTHEAST REGION: EASTERN ENERGY RESOURCES SC Science Emeritus mailing and physical

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Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6279 abates@usgs.gov Prior to 2013, water samples were analyzed for major ions by ion chromatography (IC) using a chromatographic system with a Waters (Milford, MA) 515 HPLC pump and 432 conductivity detector, and Alltech (Deerfield, IL) 335 suppressor module. Anions were separated using an Allsep Anion column (100 × 4.6 mm; 7-μm particle size) and carbonate–bicarbonate mobile phase. Cations were separated using an Alltech Universal Cation analytical column and methanesulfonic acid eluent. After 2013, water samples were analyzed for major ions using a Dionex ICS-5000 (Thermo-Scientific Dionex) IC system. Anions were separated using a Dionex IonPac AS18 (4 x 250 mm) analytical column and KOH eluent. Cations were separated using a Dionex IonPac CS12A (4 x 250 mm) analytical column and methanesulfonic acid eluent. Samples may have exceeded method holding times. 2019 Tiffani M Schell NORTHEAST REGION: EASTERN ENERGY RESOURCES SC Physical Science Technician mailing and physical

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Reston VA 20192 United States 703-648-6112 tschell@usgs.gov Prior to 2013, samples were analyzed for ammonium and orthophosphate using methods II.9 and II.2.I from Strickland and Parsons (1972), respectively. From 2013 onward, a Seal Analytical, Inc. discrete analyzer was used for ammonium and orthophosphate determinations according to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) methods 350.1 Rev. 2.0 and 365.1 Rev 2.0, respectively (USEPA, 1993a; 1993b). Strickland, J.D.H. and Parsons, T.R., 1972, A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis, 2nd ed.: Fisheries Research Board of Canada, available at https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/39262/1/Strickland-Parsons_1972.pdf. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], 1993a, Method 350.1, Revision 2.0: Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen by Semi-Automated Colorimetry:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-06/documents/epa-350.1.pdf. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], 1993b, Method 365.1, Revision 2.0: Determination of Phosphorus by Semi-Automated Colorimetry :U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-08/documents/method_365-1_1993.pdf. 2019 William H Orem NORTHEAST REGION: EASTERN ENERGY RESOURCES SC Supervisory Research Chemist mailing and physical

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Reston VA 20192 United States 703-648-6273 borem@usgs.gov Trace metals (Li-U) were analyzed by ICP-MS by Activation Laboratories Ltd. using the Code 6 Natural Waters (51+) Natural Waters with low TDS - Hydrogeochemistry method. More information can be found at this link: http://www.actlabs.com/. 2019 Sites can be located without the use of coordinates by using the SiteDesc field. Point 1.0E-4 1.0E-4 Decimal degrees World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) WGS 84 6378137.0 298.257223563 Florida_Canals_Data.csv Sample information, water properties, and concentrations of various inorganic constituents. To preserve date formatting and leading and trailing zeros when importing this data into spreadsheet software, ensure that all columns are defined as the Text data format on import. Definitions: --, no sample collected or sample analysis incomplete or missing; BDL, analyte below detection limit. Matthew Varonka SiteID Unique site identifier. Producer defined. Unique site identifier formatted as FLC-## where ## is a sequential number from 01-25. SiteDesc Description of the site allowing for an estimation of a location without the latitude and longitude. Producer defined. Description of the site allowing for an estimation of a location without the latitude and longitude. Lat Latitude in decimal degrees in north of the equator. Producer defined. 25.7676 26.8633 decimal degrees 1.0E-4 Long Longitude in decimal degrees west of the central meridian. Producer defined. -80.8332 -80.2003 decimal degrees 1.0E-4 TripID A numeric identifier for the trip in the format of MM-YYYY. Producer defined. A numeric identifier for the trip in the format of MM-YYYY. SampleID Unique sample identifier composed of the SiteID and the TripID in the format FLC-##-MMYYYY. Producer defined. Unique sample identifier composed of the SiteID and the TripID in the format FLC-##-MMYYYY. Date Date sampled in the format MM-DD-YYYY. Producer defined. Date sampled in the format MM-DD-YYYY. Temp Temperature measured during surface-water sampling in degrees Celsius. Producer defined. 18.2 33.0 degrees Celsius pH The pH measured during surface-water sampling in standard units. Producer defined. 5.23 9.38 standard units Cond Conductivity measure during surface-water sampling in microsiemens per centimeter. Producer defined. 229 1890 microsiemens per centimeter (uS/cm) Vol_S_Isotopes Volume of sample in milliliters to which excess barium chloride (BaCl2) is added to precipitate dissolved sulfate as barium sulfate (BaSO4). Producer defined. 220 549 milliliters (mL) BaSO4 Barium sulfate (BaSO4) in grams precipitated from the reaction of an excess of barium chloride (BaCl2) and a measured volume of the water sample. Producer defined. 0 0.3241 grams (g) SO4_calc Sulfate (SO42-) in milligrams calculated from the recovered barium sulfate (BaSO4) mass. Producer defined. 0 133 milligrams (mg) SO4_conc_calc Concentration of sulfate (SO42-) in the sample calculated from the calculated sulfate mass in milligrams divided by the volume of sample in liters. Producer defined. 0 254 milligrams per liter (mg/L) d34S Delta34S in per mil is the ratio of the two stable isotopes of sulfur, 34S and 32S. Producer defined. 13.29 50.52 per mil (‰) Fluoride_IC Fluoride concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. <0.1 2.8 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Chloride_IC Chloride concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. 7.4 314 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Bromide_IC Bromide concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. <0.1 4.8 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Sulfate_IC Sulfate concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. <0.5 179 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Lithium_IC Lithium concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. <0.0125 0.0382 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Sodium_IC Sodium concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. 5.5 220 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Potassium_IC Potassium concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. 0.8 25.7 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Magnesium_IC Magnesium concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. 1.6 44.6 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Calcium_IC Calcium concentration in milligrams per liter as determined by ion chromatography. Producer defined. 29.0 128 milligrams per liter (mg/L) Ammonium Ammonium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined colorimetrically. Producer defined. <10 700 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Orthophosphate Orthophosphate concentration in micrograms per liter as determined colorimetrically. Producer defined. <10 730 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Li Lithium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 1 8 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Be Beryllium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.1 <0.1 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Na Sodium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 26200 85700 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Mg Magnesium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 6590 21200 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Al Aluminum concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <2 3 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Si Silicon concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 1000 6700 micrograms per liter (ug/L) K Potassium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 3730 7930 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ca Calcium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 45700 95400 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Sc Scandium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <1 <1 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ti Titanium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.1 <0.1 micrograms per liter (ug/L) V Vanadium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.8 3.1 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Cr Chromium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.5 <0.5 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Mn Manganese concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.4 10.5 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Fe Iron concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <10 90 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Co Cobalt concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.032 0.089 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ni Nickel concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.3 5.8 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Cu Copper concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.2 1.4 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Zn Zinc concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 5.9 191 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ga Gallium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.01 0.01 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ge Germanium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.01 0.03 micrograms per liter (ug/L) As Arsenic concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.68 2.7 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Se Selenium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.2 0.3 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Rb Rubidium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 1.45 5.09 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Sr Strontium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 395 1500 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Y Yttrium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.009 0.058 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Zr Zirconium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.02 0.13 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Nb Niobium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.005 <0.005 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Mo Molybdenum concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.1 1.7 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ag Silver concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.2 <0.2 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Cd Cadmium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.01 0.02 micrograms per liter (ug/L) In Indium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 <0.001 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Sn Tin concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.1 <0.1 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Sb Antimony concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.02 0.19 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Te Tellurium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.1 <0.1 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Cs Cesium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.008 0.026 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ba Barium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 32.3 1000 micrograms per liter (ug/L) La Lanthanum concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.014 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ce Cerium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.001 0.019 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Pr Praseodymium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.004 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Nd Neodymium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.002 0.016 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Sm Samarium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.006 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Eu Europium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.01 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Gd Gadolinium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.01 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Tb Terbium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.002 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Dy Dysprosium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.011 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ho Holmium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.003 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Er Erbium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.008 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Tm Thulium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.001 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Yb Ytterbium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.009 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Lu Lutetium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.002 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Hf Hafnium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.002 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Ta Tantalum concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 <0.001 micrograms per liter (ug/L) W Tungsten concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.02 <0.02 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Hg Mercury concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.2 <0.2 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Tl Thallium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.002 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Pb Lead concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.001 0.03 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Bi Bismuth concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. <0.3 <0.3 micrograms per liter (ug/L) Th Thorium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.001 0.005 micrograms per liter (ug/L) U Uranium concentration in micrograms per liter as determined ICP-MS. Producer defined. 0.021 2.08 micrograms per liter (ug/L) GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata, and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The file contains data available in comma separated value (.csv) file format. The user must have software capable of opening and viewing a .csv file. 20200819 Matthew S Varonka NORTHEAST REGION: EASTERN ENERGY RESOURCES SC Chemist mailing and physical

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Reston VA 20192 US 703-648-6412 mvaronka@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998