<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<metadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Heimann, D.C.</origin>
        <origin>Voss, J.D.</origin>
        <origin>Rydlund, P.H. Jr.</origin>
        <pubdate>20200508</pubdate>
        <title>Flood-Inundation Depth Grids for Blue River Near Red Bridge Road, Kansas City, Missouri, 2019</title>
        <geoform>Raster digital data</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Rolla, MO</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <lworkcit>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>David C. Heimann</origin>
            <origin>Jonathon D. Voss</origin>
            <origin>Paul H. Rydlund, Jr.</origin>
            <pubdate>2021</pubdate>
            <title>Flood-inundation maps for the Blue River near Red Bridge Road, Kansas City, Missouri, 2019</title>
            <geoform>publication</geoform>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>n/a</pubplace>
              <publish>US Geological Survey</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205057</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </lworkcit>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>Digital flood-inundation maps for a 4.46-mile reach of the Blue River near Kansas City, Missouri, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Kansas City, Missouri. The flood-inundation maps, accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Program website at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/ , depict estimates of the spatial extent and depth of flooding corresponding to select-water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage 06893195 Blue River at Red Bridge Road, Kansas City, Missouri reference streamgage. Near-real-time stage data from the streamgage may be obtained from the USGS National Water Information System database at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN.

Flood profiles were computed for the reach by means of a one-dimensional hydraulic model. The model was calibrated by using the current stage-streamflow relations at USGS streamgages upstream and downstream from the study reach. The hydraulic model was used to compute water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum ranging from the estimated bankfull streamflow, through the stage corresponding to, or exceeding, the estimated 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flood (500-year recurrence interval flood). The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model with a maximum 10-centimeter vertical root mean square error and 4.0-ft horizontal resolution to delineate the area flooded at each 1-foot increment of stage.

The availability of these maps, along with information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage and forecasted high-flow stages from the National Weather Service, will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood mitigation, preparedness and planning, flood-response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post flood recovery efforts.

The depth grid data are provided in Tagged Image Format Files (.tiff) and compressed into a .zip archive that is named BlueRKCMO_depthgrids.zip.</abstract>
      <purpose>This dataset was created to support the development of flood-inundation maps for a reach of the Blue River in Kansas City, Missouri.</purpose>
      <supplinf>A GIS application was used to produce a plane representing the flood-peak water surface. The application duplicates the water-surface-elevation data from cross-section points across the flood plain perpendicular to the direction of the flood flow. Elevations between water-surface points on the cross-sections are proportional interpolations of the water-surface-elevation data and were positioned to generate a flood surface sloping with the water flow. A raster surface was created with the data points using a spline interpolation method, forming the estimated flood surface. A flood-depth grid was made by subtracting the digital elevation model from the flood surface. This format allows the GIS data to be overlain on maps and aerial photographs, and to be used for various GIS applications, such as FEMA's Hazards U.S. Multi-Hazards (HAZUS-MH) program (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2010b) to estimate flood damages.  
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the dataset in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcGIS format, this metadata file may include some ArcGIS-specific terminology.</supplinf>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <sngdate>
          <caldate>2019</caldate>
        </sngdate>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>publication date</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>None planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-94.5815</westbc>
        <eastbc>-94.5548</eastbc>
        <northbc>38.9521</northbc>
        <southbc>38.9063</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>floods</themekey>
        <themekey>river/stream</themekey>
        <themekey>flood-inundation maps</themekey>
        <themekey>high-water marks</themekey>
        <themekey>flooded area</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>geospatial analysis</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:5e710a0ae4b01d5092682290</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</placekt>
        <placekey>Missouri</placekey>
        <placekey>Kansas City</placekey>
        <placekey>Missouri</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>none</accconst>
    <useconst>none</useconst>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>Attributes for water-surface elevation were input from the Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model output data table. Stage input data for the HEC-RAS model were obtained from stage-discharge relation at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage Blue River at Red Bridge Road, Kansas City, Missouri.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.</logic>
    <complete>Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>Flood inundation extent was manually checked by sampling the digital elevation model  (DEM) adjacent to high water marks. This check was done to verify that DEM elevations greater than the high-water mark were not in the flood inundation polygon and elevations less than the high water mark were within the flood inundation polygon. Horizontal resolution is that of the lidar DEM dataset, 4.00 ft.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>Flood inundation extent was manually checked by sampling the digital elevation model  (DEM) adjacent to high water marks. This check was done to verify that DEM elevations greater than the high-water mark were not in the flood inundation polygon and elevations less than the high water mark were within the flood inundation polygon. Vertical accuracy is that of the input lidar DEM dataset, 1.0 ft.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>A GIS application (ArcGIS) was used to produce a plane representing the flood-peak water surface by combining the water-surface profiles and digital elevation model data. The digital elevation model (DEM) data were derived from lidar data with a horizontal resolution of 4.00 ft and vertical accuracy of 1.0 ft. Estimated flood-inundation boundaries for each simulated profile were developed with Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) software. HEC-GeoRAS is a set of procedures, tools, and utilities for processing geospatial data in ArcGIS by using a graphical user interface. The interface allows the preparation of geometric data for import into HEC-RAS and processes simulation results exported from HEC-RAS. USGS personnel then modified the HEC-GeoRAS results to ensure a hydraulically reasonable transition of the boundary between modeled cross sections relative to the contour data for the land surface. The maps show estimated flood-inundated areas for each of the water-surface profiles that were generated by the hydraulic model. The application duplicates the water-surface-elevation data from cross-section points of the hydraulic model across the flood plain perpendicular to the direction of the flood flow.  Elevations between water-surface points on the cross-sections are proportional interpolations of the water-surface-elevation data and were positioned to generate a flood surface sloping with the water flow. A raster surface was created with the data points using a spline interpolation method, forming the estimated flood surface. A flood-depth grid was made by subtracting the DEM from the flood surface raster.</procdesc>
        <procdate>2019</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <direct>Raster</direct>
    <rastinfo>
      <rasttype>Grid Cell</rasttype>
      <rowcount>16688</rowcount>
      <colcount>7566</colcount>
      <vrtcount>1</vrtcount>
    </rastinfo>
  </spdoinfo>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <planar>
        <mapproj>
          <mapprojn>Transverse_Mercator</mapprojn>
          <mapprojp>
            <feast>2788708.333333333</feast>
            <fnorth>0.0</fnorth>
            <latprjo>0.0</latprjo>
            <longcm>-94.5</longcm>
            <stdparll>0.0</stdparll>
            <stdparll>0.0</stdparll>
          </mapprojp>
        </mapproj>
        <planci>
          <plance>row and column</plance>
          <coordrep>
            <absres>1.0000000005289926</absres>
            <ordres>1.0000000005290033</ordres>
          </coordrep>
          <plandu>meters</plandu>
        </planci>
      </planar>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>North_American_Datum_1983</horizdn>
        <ellips>GRS 1980</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137.0</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.2572221010042</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>Attribute Table</enttypl>
        <enttypd>Table containing attribute information associated with the data set.</enttypd>
        <enttypds>Producer defined</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>VALUE</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Flood-inundation depth values.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>U.S. Geological Survey</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0.0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>56.1338</rdommax>
            <attrunit>Feet</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
    </detailed>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>GS ScienceBase</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>(303) 202 4220</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items for other than personal use must be secured from the copyright owner. This coverage may be redistributed if it is not edited and is properly referenced. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the dataset in nonproprietary form, this metadata file may include some ArcGIS-specific terminology.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>Raster</formname>
          <formvern>none</formvern>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/P90MH291</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20200813</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>David C. Heimann</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Hydrologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>401 NW Capital Drive</address>
          <city>Lee's Summit</city>
          <state>Missouri</state>
          <postal>64086</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>816-554-3489</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>dheimann@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
