<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<metadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Cashman, Matthew J.</origin>
        <origin>Brosnahan, Sandra M.</origin>
        <origin>Caldwell, Samuel H.</origin>
        <origin>Staub, Leah E.</origin>
        <origin>Young, John</origin>
        <origin>DeWitt, Jessica</origin>
        <pubdate>20200731</pubdate>
        <title>Radiometric thermal aerial imagery from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights: Potomac River in White's Ferry, Maryland on October 23, 2019</title>
        <geoform>remote-sensing image</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Catonsville, MD</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <othercit>The first link is to the publication landing page. The second link is to the page containing the data.</othercit>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/P970EQ7D</onlink>
        <onlink>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5e0a23f7e4b0b207aa0d560b</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>These digital images were taken over an area of the Potomac River in White's Ferry, Maryland using 3DR Solo unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) on October 23, 2019. These images were collected for the purpose of evaluating UAS assessment of river habitat data such as water depth, substrate type, and water clarity. Each UAS was equipped with a FLIR Vue Pro R 640 13mm radiometric thermal camera that provides temperature data embedded in every pixel. Some photographs contain black and white targets used as ground control points (GCPs), which were surveyed by a field crew with a high-precision (GNSS) Global Navigation Satellite System and/or containing internal post processing kinematic (PPK) GPS system. This data release includes the original images from FLIR Vue Pro R 640 13mm radiometric thermal camera of the Potomac River in White's Ferry, Maryland.</abstract>
      <purpose>These images from an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) were collected to establish capabilities and limitations for using new technology for mapping and measuring riverine environments. This was one component of methodological comparison field campaign conducted in conjunction with a topobathymetric lidar collection of the Potomac River Corridor in late 2019. Imagery were collected for the purpose of evaluating UAS assessment of river habitat data such as water depth, substrate type, and water clarity. Color images were collected with resolution and overlap for photogrammetry and creation of digital elevation models and orthomosaics. Comparisons will be made to other data derived from topobathymetric lidar and more established technologies such as real-time-kinematic (RTK) GPS, acoustic doppler current profilers (ADCP), and multi-beam echo sounders.</purpose>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <sngdate>
          <caldate>20191023</caldate>
        </sngdate>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>ground condition</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>None planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-77.53300</westbc>
        <eastbc>-77.50800</eastbc>
        <northbc>39.17000</northbc>
        <southbc>39.14300</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>geoscientificInformation</themekey>
        <themekey>location</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>u.s geological survey</themekey>
        <themekey>usgs</themekey>
        <themekey>aerial images</themekey>
        <themekey>unmanned aerial system</themekey>
        <themekey>uas</themekey>
        <themekey>drone</themekey>
        <themekey>ground control point</themekey>
        <themekey>targets</themekey>
        <themekey>airborne imagery</themekey>
        <themekey>tiff images</themekey>
        <themekey>3dr solo quadcopter</themekey>
        <themekey>flir vue pro r 640 13mm</themekey>
        <themekey>photos</themekey>
        <themekey>photographs</themekey>
        <themekey>low-altitude aerial imagery</themekey>
        <themekey>flir</themekey>
        <themekey>radiometric thermal</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>aerial photography</themekey>
        <themekey>geospatial datasets</themekey>
        <themekey>remote sensing</themekey>
        <themekey>image collections</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:5e0a23f7e4b0b207aa0d560b</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>None</placekt>
        <placekey>White's Ferry</placekey>
        <placekey>Maryland</placekey>
        <placekey>Potomac River</placekey>
        <placekey>USA</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>None</accconst>
    <useconst>Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Matthew J Cashman</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Hydrologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
          <address>5522 Research Park Drive</address>
          <city>Catonsville</city>
          <state>MD</state>
          <postal>21228</postal>
          <country>US</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>443-498-5511</cntvoice>
        <cntfax>443-498-5510</cntfax>
        <cntemail>mcashman@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr/>
    </attracc>
    <logic>Photos contain original filenames and were checked for duplications. File names are in the format of YYYYMMDD_OriginalFileName. Photos were collected with an aperture of 1.25. This information is available in the exif data for individual photos.</logic>
    <complete>The dataset contains 3,141 images in the Whites_Ferry_FLIR.7zip file collected by the FLIR Vue Pro R 640 13mm camera. Photos may have been deleted, for reasons including personal identification information, or redundancy, such as photos taken near to the ground during takeoff and landing.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>Camera position at the time of image capture was derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M9N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade) through GPS and GLONASS positioning and left uncorrected. Horizontal positions are thought to be accurate from approximately 3 meters to 10 meters due to UAS flight path uncertainty.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>Camera position at the time of image capture was derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M9N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade) through GPS and GLONASS positioning and left uncorrected. Vertical positions may be off more than 10 meters and are generally less accurate than horizontal positions.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>The FLIR Vue Pro R 640 13mm camera acquires photos at 0.32768 Megapixels. Photos were collected with an aperture of 1.25. The camera was mounted on a 3DR Solo quadcopter unmanned aerial system (UAS) for each flight and all images were saved in TIFF file format.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20191023</procdate>
        <proccont>
          <cntinfo>
            <cntperp>
              <cntper>Matthew J Cashman</cntper>
              <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION</cntorg>
            </cntperp>
            <cntpos>Hydrologist</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
              <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
              <address>5522 Research Park Drive</address>
              <city>Catonsville</city>
              <state>MD</state>
              <postal>21228</postal>
              <country>US</country>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>443-498-5511</cntvoice>
            <cntfax>443-498-5510</cntfax>
            <cntemail>mcashman@usgs.gov</cntemail>
          </cntinfo>
        </proccont>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>ExifTool (version 11.4) was used to create CSV files of exif data information for each individual image. 

To extract the information from the image and create a CSV the following line of code can be run in R.

library(exifr)
library(dplyr)

files &lt;- list.files(pattern = "*.TIFF")
dat &lt;- read_exif(files)

colnames(dat)

dat2 &lt;- select(dat,
SourceFile, FileName, DateTimeOriginal, 
Aperture, GPSLongitude, 
GPSLatitude, GPSAltitude)

write.csv(dat2, 'exifdata.csv', row.names=F)</procdesc>
        <procdate>20200207</procdate>
        <proccont>
          <cntinfo>
            <cntperp>
              <cntper>Leah E Staub</cntper>
              <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION</cntorg>
            </cntperp>
            <cntpos>Hydrologic Field Assistant</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
              <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
              <address>5522 Research Park Drive</address>
              <city>Catonsville</city>
              <state>MD</state>
              <postal>21228</postal>
              <country>US</country>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>443-498-5591</cntvoice>
            <cntfax>443-498-5510</cntfax>
            <cntemail>lstaub@usgs.gov</cntemail>
          </cntinfo>
        </proccont>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <direct>Raster</direct>
    <rastinfo>
      <rasttype>Pixel</rasttype>
      <rowcount>512</rowcount>
      <colcount>640</colcount>
    </rastinfo>
  </spdoinfo>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <geograph>
        <latres>0.000001</latres>
        <longres>0.000001</longres>
        <geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit>
      </geograph>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>WGS_1984</horizdn>
        <ellips>WGS_1984</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137.00</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.25722</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
    <vertdef>
      <altsys>
        <altdatum>Above ground level</altdatum>
        <altres>0.01</altres>
        <altunits>meters</altunits>
        <altenc>Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates</altenc>
      </altsys>
    </vertdef>
  </spref>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntorgp>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
          <cntper>GS ScienceBase</cntper>
        </cntorgp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>Digital Data</formname>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/P970EQ7D</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20200821</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Matthew J Cashman</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Hydrologist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
          <address>5522 Research Park Drive</address>
          <city>Catonsville</city>
          <state>MD</state>
          <postal>21228</postal>
          <country>US</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>443-498-5511</cntvoice>
        <cntfax>443-498-5510</cntfax>
        <cntemail>mcashman@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
