Alan Mair 2019 Vector Digital Data Reston, Virginia U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9437T2F Alan Mair Adam G. Johnson Kolja Rotzoll Delwyn S. Oki 2019 Publication Reston, Virginia U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195064 This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Maui, Hawaii for a projected climate condition representative of phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) A1B 2080-99 scenario climate and 2017 land cover, as described in USGS SIR 2019-5064. The water-budget components for each model subarea were computed for the future climate condition using a water-budget model developed by Johnson and others (2018). The 2017 land-cover map developed by Mair (2018) was used to define the land-cover conditions and the model subareas. The shapefile attribute information associated with each subarea (or polygon) present an estimate of mean annual rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, septic system leachate, seepage from reservoirs and cesspools, runoff, canopy evaporation, total evapotranspiration, and total recharge. This shapefile also includes select geographic and land-cover attributes of the model subareas. Brief descriptions of the water-budget components and attributes are included in this metadata file. Refer to USGS SIR 2019-5064 for further details of the methods and sources used to determine these components and attributes. The water-budget components in this shapefile were determined as part of a study to estimate the spatial distribution of groundwater recharge on the Island of Maui, Hawaii, for a set of present-day and future climate conditions, and 2017 land cover, as described in USGS SIR 2019-5064. The recharge estimates may be used in numerical groundwater models that can evaluate the effects of groundwater withdrawals on groundwater levels, streamflow, coastal discharge, and salinities in public and private wells on Maui. 2017 2099 Land-cover condition in 2017 and projected climate during 2080-99 Complete None planned -156.702355317 -155.97393106 21.032681547 20.56801608 USGS Thesaurus groundwater precipitation (atmospheric) irrigation water budget runoff water cycle effects of climate change ISO 19115 Topic Categories inlandWaters None water-budget model fog interception septic-system leachate reservoir seepage cesspool seepage canopy evaporation net precipitation total evapotranspiration direct recharge recharge USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5d1514fbe4b0941bde5b76fc CommonGeographicAreas Maui Hawaii Pacific Islands none none Alan Mair PACIFIC REGION: PACIFIC ISLANDS WATER SCI CTR Hydrologist mailing and physical

1845 Wasp Boulevard, Bld 176

Honolulu HI 96818 US 808-690-9596 dmair@usgs.gov To be determined Mean annual recharge map PNG County of Maui Department of Water Supply; Pacific Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments Program No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Johnson, A.G., Engott, J.A., Bassiouni, Maoya, and Rotzoll, Kolja 2018 Publication Reston, Virginia U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145168 Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 19780101 20101231 publication date Johnson and others (2018) Water-budget model used to estimate groundwater recharge and other water-budget components Mair, Alan 2018 Vector Digital Data Reston, Virginia U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DF6PPB Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20080101 20170101 publication date Mair (2018) Base map used to define water-budget model subareas and 2017 land-cover conditions State of Hawaii 2010 Vector Digital Data Honolulu, Hawaii State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20100101 20101231 publication date State of Hawaii (2010) Source used to delineate the boundaries of aquifer systems Zhang, C., Wang, Y., Hamilton, K., and Lauer, A. 2016 Vector Digital Data Boston, MA Journal of Climate http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/projects/HRCM/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 19900101 20091231 publication date Zhang and others (2016a) Source used to develop the inputs of future climate for the water-budget model simulation Zhang, C., Wang, Y., Hamilton, K., and Lauer, A. 2016 Vector Digital Data Boston, MA Journal of Climate http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/projects/HRCM/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources 20800101 20991231 publication date Zhang and others (2016b) Source used to develop the inputs of future climate for the water-budget model simulation The land-cover map developed by Mair (2018) was used to define the subareas of the water-budget model simulation and the 2017 land-cover conditions associated with each subarea. The high-resolution downscaled climate simulations and projections by Zhang and others (2016a, 2016b) were used to develop inputs representative of CMIP3 A1B 2080-99 scenario climate for the water-budget model simulation. The water-budget model developed by Johnson and others (2018) was used to estimate mean annual groundwater recharge and other water-budget components for each subarea. Refer to USGS SIR 2019-5064 for further details of the methods and sources used to determine these components and attributes. 20181031 Universal Transverse Mercator 4 0.9996 -159.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 METERS D_North_American_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the data set Producer defined POLYGON_ID Unique identification number of each water-budget subarea. Producer defined 1 505294 Integer AREA_SQ_M Area, in square meters. Producer defined 0.000006 58534.359793 square meters ilu2017 Identification number of land-cover name Mair (2018) Identification number of land-cover name as defined by Mair (2018) and described in the LC_2017 attribute. LC_2017 Name of land cover or vegetation, 2017 Mair (2018) Name of the land cover or vegetation, 2017 as defined by Mair (2018). Aqfr_Name Name of the aquifer system State of Hawaii (2010) Name of the aquifer system, as defined by the State of Hawaii Commission on Water Resource Management (State of Hawaii, 2010). Aqfr_Code Identification number of aquifer system. State of Hawaii (2010) Identification number of aquifer system as defined by State of Hawaii (2010) and described in the Aqfr_Name attribute. Rain Mean annual rainfall, in inches, representative of CMIP3 A1B 2080-99 scenario climate. Values were computed in the water-budget model on the basis of future climate projections from Zhang and others (2016a, 2016b). Refer to USGS SIR 2019-5064 for further information regarding the methods and sources used to compute rainfall. 8.796 489.778 inches Fog Mean annual fog interception, in inches Producer defined 0 38.442 inches Irr Mean annual irrigation, in inches. For subareas with irrigated land covers other than taro, irrigation was estimated using a demand-based approach, as described in the "Irrigation" section of SIR 2019-5064. For subareas with taro land cover, annual irrigation was set at 455 inches. Producer defined 0 455.000 inches Dir_RC Mean annual direct recharge, in inches. Direct recharge includes water seepage from cesspools, reservoirs, and water bodies. The source of direct recharge for a given subarea may be from external sources, including groundwater and imported streamflow. Producer defined and based on rates of wastewater-effluent discharge to parcels with on-site-disposal systems. Refer to USGS SIR 2019-5064 for further information regarding the methods and sources used to determine direct recharge. 0 1268.000 inches Runoff Mean annual direct runoff, in inches, excluding water allocated from estimates of water captured by storm-drain systems (SDrain). Values are the same as those in the "Total Roff" column for most subareas. Producer defined 0 316.312 inches AE Mean annual evapotranspiration, in inches. For subareas with nonforest land cover, (which excludes subareas with alien forest, native forest, and tree plantation land covers), AE represents total evapotranspiration, or the sum of ground evaporation, transpiration, and canopy evaporation. For subareas with forest land cover (which consists of subareas with alien forest, native forest, and tree plantation land covers), AE represents the sum of ground evaporation and transpiration from the plant-root-zone reservoir but excludes canopy evaporation. Producer defined 0.659 136.556 inches Rech Mean annual recharge, in inches, excluding water allocated from estimates of water captured by storm-drain systems (SDrain). Values are the same as those in the "Total_Rech" column for most subareas. Producer defined 0 2013.835 inches PNet Mean annual net precipitation, in inches, to the plant-root zone reservoir. This value equals rainfall plus fog interception minus canopy evaporation. Producer defined 4.608 512.073 inches Can_Int Mean annual canopy evaporation, in inches. Canopy evaporation was computed by the water-budget model for subareas with forest land cover, but not for subareas with nonforest land cover. For subareas with nonforest land cover, canopy evaporation is zero. Producer defined 0 39.039 inches Septic Mean annual septic-system leachate, in inches. Values were computed in the water-budget model on the basis of rates of wastewater-effluent discharge to parcels with on-site-disposal systems. Refer to USGS SIR 2019-5064 for further information regarding the methods and sources used to determine septic-system leachate. 0 2008.486 inches SDrain Mean annual storm-drain capture, in inches. Water capture by storm-drain systems. Producer defined 0 86.306 inches Total_Rech Mean annual recharge, in inches, including water allocated from estimates of water captured by storm-drain systems (SDrain) as described in SIR 2019-5064. Recharge was set to constant rates for subareas with land cover of water body (0 in/yr) and reservoir (528 or 1,268 in/yr, depending on location). For subareas with taro land cover, recharge equals 455 in/yr plus direct recharge from cesspools. For the remaining subareas, recharge was calculated as described in SIR 2019-5064, and for some subareas, may include additional water allocated from SDrain. Mean annual values for water inflows (PNet + Irr + Septic) to the plant-root zone (which includes the soil) may not equal water outflows (Total_Roff + AE + Recharge exclusive of Dir_RC) because of changes in soil-moisture storage and because of rounding and averaging of the model results. Producer defined 0 2013.835 inches Total_Roff Mean annual direct runoff, in inches. For some subareas, runoff values include water allocated from estimates of water captured by storm-drain systems (SDrain), as described in SIR 2019-5064. Producer defined 0 316.312 inches Total_ET Mean annual total evapotranspiration, in inches. Total evapotranspiration is the sum of ground evaporation, transpiration, and canopy evaporation. Values in this column equal the sum of the values in the "AE" and "Can_Int" columns. Producer defined 2.467 136.556 inches Total_Prec Mean annual total precipitation, in inches. Total precipitation is the sum of rain and cloud-water interception (or fog drip). Values in this column equal the sum of the values in the "Rain" and "Fog" columns. Producer defined 8.796 527.452 inches U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical

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Denver UNITED STATES 80225 CO 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. SHP ArcGIS 10.4.1 ESRI Polygon Shapefile https://doi.org/10.5066/P9437T2F None 20200827 Alan Mair PACIFIC REGION: PACIFIC ISLANDS WATER SCI CTR Hydrologist mailing and physical

1845 Wasp Boulevard, Bld 176

Honolulu HI 96818 US 808-690-9596 dmair@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998