Sara L. Zeigler Emily J. Sturdivant Benjamin T. Gutierrez 2019 1.0 vector digital dataset data release DOI:10.5066/P944FPA4 Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program https://doi.org/10.5066/P944FPA4 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d0bc932e4b0941bde4fc615 Emily J. Sturdivant Sara L. Zeigler Benjamin T. Gutierrez Kathryn M. Weber 2019 1.0 data release DOI:10.5066/P944FPA4 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Sturdivant, E.J., Zeigler, S.L., Gutierrez, B.T., and Weber, K.M., 2019, Barrier island geomorphology and shorebird habitat metrics—Four sites in New York, New Jersey, and Virginia, 2010–2014: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P944FPA4. https://doi.org/10.5066/P944FPA4 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5be5c5bce4b0b3fc5cf8c7cb Understanding how sea-level rise will affect coastal landforms and the species and habitats they support is critical for crafting approaches that balance the needs of humans and native species. Given this increasing need to forecast sea-level rise effects on barrier islands in the near and long terms, we are developing Bayesian networks to evaluate and to forecast the cascading effects of sea-level rise on shoreline change, barrier island state, and piping plover habitat availability. We use publicly available data products, such as lidar, orthophotography, and geomorphic feature sets derived from those, to extract metrics of barrier island characteristics at consistent sampling distances. The metrics are then incorporated into predictive models and the training data used to parameterize those models. This data release contains the extracted metrics of barrier island geomorphology and spatial data layers of habitat characteristics that are input to Bayesian networks for piping plover habitat availability and barrier island geomorphology. These datasets and models are being developed for sites along the northeastern coast of the United States. This work is one component of a larger research and management program that seeks to understand and sustain the ecological value, ecosystem services, and habitat suitability of beaches in the face of storm impacts, climate change, and sea-level rise. The vector layer delineates areas of human development. Polygons were hand-digitized from 0.35-m aerial imagery captured in 2012 and outline areas of general human development (for example, buildings, residential development, paved roads) as well as coastal armoring (for example, jetties and groins). The data was used in vector format during a supervised land cover classification and converted to raster format to be merged with other land cover sub-classifications, producing the supervised classification raster layer (FI12_SupClass.tif in larger work). This dataset is part of a series of spatial datasets used to describe characteristics of barrier islands found along the North American Atlantic coast in order to identify habitat for the federally protected piping plover (Charadrius melodus). Information contained in these spatial datasets was used within a Bayesian network to model the probability that a specific set of landscape characteristics would be associated with piping plover habitat (Zeigler and others 2019). For additional information on processing and use of this geospatial dataset, see the USGS Open-File report by Zeigler and others (2019). 20121031 20121106 Ground condition measured by source data. Complete None planned -73.30676241 -72.72789465 40.77272984 40.62022381 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5d0bc932e4b0941bde4fc615 None Barrier Island USGS CMGP Geographic Information Systems GIS U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Coastal Hazards Coastal Habitat Fire Island Fire Island National Seashore Human Development Coastal Armoring ISO 19115 Topic Category environment USGS Thesaurus geospatial datasets land use and land cover None New York NY Long Island Fire Island North America United States USA Atlantic Ocean Fire Island National Seashore None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. U.S. Geological Survey Sara L. Zeigler mailing address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543 US 508-548-8700 x2290 508-457-2310 szeigler@usgs.gov https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5d0bc932e4b0941bde4fc615/?name=FI_Development_browse.png Example polygons depicting human development and coastal armoring at Fire Island, New York. PNG Sara L. Zeigler Emily J. Sturdivant Benjamin T. Gutierrez 2019 Open-File Report 2019–1071 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Details the methods used to process these data for use in barrier island and piping plover habitat modeling. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191071 This vector layer depicts hand-digitized areas of human development. It was produced manually based on visual inspection of orthoimagery. The data were reviewed using standard USGS review procedures. No checks for topological consistency were performed on these data. This dataset contains all human development within a custom boundary, to the best of our knowledge based on visual inspection of orthoimagery. This dataset may not include the entire spatial extent of the original source dataset as it was published in original form. However, the custom boundary spans the entire coverage of the site relevant to the broader research program (see Zeigler and others, 2019 for more details). This dataset is therefore considered complete for the information presented as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. The horizontal accuracy of the vector layer inherits the accuracy of the orthoimagery from which it was derived (see source contribution information). This dataset was derived through manual digitization based on visual interpretation of aerial imagery. Some error is intrinsic in the manual process. We estimate the accuracy of this development raster to be within 5 m horizontally. No formal accuracy assessments have been conducted. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Remote Sensing Division 20121115 Raster Digital Data (Aerial Imagery) Silver Spring, MD NOAA's Ocean Service, National Geodetic Survey (NGS) https://geodesy.noaa.gov/storm_archive/storms/sandy/index.html https://geodesy.noaa.gov/storm_archive/storms/sandy/docs/sandy_metadata.htm http://ngs.woc.noaa.gov/storms/sandy/ digital data 20121031 20121106 ground condition Orthoimage Visual imagery used for digitizing shorefront development. Source data were distributed at 0.35 m pixel resolution, in horizontal datum NAD83. Downloaded on 2/15/2016. Data were projected to UTM Zone 18N (EPSG:26918) using the ‘Project Raster’ tool in ArcToolbox (version 10.4.1). In Edit sessions of ArcGIS version 10.4.1, Sara L. Zeigler manually outlined areas that were anthropogenic development in the orthoimage. The features considered development included buildings and other man-made structures, paved roads, groins, jetties, and seawalls. 2017 Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process performed on 20200810. The metadata title was modified to move the location name to the beginning of the title to account for the alphabetical listing of the individual records when ScienceBase migrates the data release to a new platform and "flattens" the data release structure (20260227). 20260227 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Vector G-polygon 69 Universal Transverse Mercator 18 0.9996 -75.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 Attribute Table Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset. Producer defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Coordinates defining the features. Id Placeholder field. Producer defined 1 Placeholder. Producer defined U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov These data are available as an Esri shapefile (FI12_Development.shp and associated shapefile components). Additionally, the CSDGM FGDC metadata (FI12_Development_meta.xml) and the browse graphic (FI_Development_browse.png) are included. These data can be downloaded individually or packaged on-demand in a zip file (see the Digital Transfer Option section). Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Shapefile ArcGIS 10.4 Esri polygon shapefile These files (.dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp.xml, and .shx) are a collection of files with a common filename prefix and must be downloaded and stored in the same directory. Together they are the components of the shapefile and include FGDC compliant metadata. 0.18 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d0bc932e4b0941bde4fc615 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5d0bc932e4b0941bde4fc615 https://doi.org/10.5066/P944FPA4 The first link is to the page containing the data. The second is a direct link to download all data available from the page as a zip file. The final link is to the publication landing page. The data page (first link) may have additional data access options, including web services. None To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of reading shapefile format, or GIS software capable of utilizing web mapping or feature services. 20260227 Sara L. Zeigler U.S. Geological Survey Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543 United States 508-548-8700 x2290 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319) FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998